Objective To investigate the prevention and nursing measures of chemotherapeutic phlebitis in hematonosis children.Methods 233 children with first-attack of hematonosis were admitted to our department from January 2010 to January 2012,among whom 80 cases appeared different degrees of chemotherapeutic phlebitis.The related factors of chemotherapeutic phlebitis were explained and the nursing measures were established.Results After effective nursing measures,the chemotherapeutic phlebitis were properly handled.Conclusions Correct selection of vascular puncture site,strict aseptic operation and implementation of relevant nursing measures can prevent the incidence of chemotherapeutic phlebitis,and local closure,using of patches and external application of scald ointment can be adopted to treat chemotherapeutic phlebitis.

Objective To study radiation -induced lung damage after lung ionizing radiation and the temporal and spatial release of pro -inflammatory cytokines of interleukin -6(IL-6),interleukin-8(IL-8) and interleukin-10(IL-10)in the irradiated lung tissue.Methods BALB/C male mice weighted around 25 g were randomly divided into two groups:radiation group ( R) and control group ( C) ,with 30 mice in R group and10 mice in C group.The thorax of mice was irradiated by 6 MV X-ray with 25 Gy in 5 fractions.The mice were sac-rificed at 12 weeks post irradiation.Lung tissues were collected and embedded in paraffin .After HE staining,lung histopathological changes were detected by immunohistochemistry to detect IL -6,IL-8 and IL-10 expression in lung tissue.Results Immunohistochemistry results showed that the expressions of IL -6,IL-8 and IL-10 were mainly expressed in macrophages and inflammatory cells .The results showed that the expressions of IL -6 and IL-8 in R group were significantly higher than that in C group .IL-10 expression level was lower than C group.Conclusion After 12 weeks exposing to radiation ,cytokines of IL-6,IL-8 and IL-10 in lung tissue are associated with radiation -induced lung injury .

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the construction and management of hospital clinical drug trial institution. METHODS: The practice of our hospital in the construction and management of hospital clinical drug trial institution in accordance with the Good Clinical Practice and the Trial Provisions for Drug Clinical Trial Institution Qualification was summarized. RESULTS: Hospital attached great importance by taking effective measures,strengthening the construction of software and hardware and emphasizing reforming was the key to pass the qualification confirmation,and the key points in the management are to tighten control on the clinical trial process and establish complete management regulations. CONCLUSION: The construction and management of hospital clinical drug trial institution is conducive to the improvement of clinical trial level and it serves as a scientific,accurate and reliable basis for the evaluation and marketing approval of new drugs.

OBJECTIVE: To provide reference the utilization of pharmacy resources on Internet.METHODS: The experience and practice of clinical pharmacy in our hospital were summarized.Domestic and foreign websites which were used by clinical pharmacists were collected and introduced.RESULT & CONCLUSION: There are plenty of pharmacy resources on Internet that can contribute to the development of clinical pharmacy.

Objective To investigate the histochemical characteristics of muscle fiber in patients with Becker type muscular dystrophy (BMD) and its clinical significance.Methods Muscular biopsies were performed in 3 patients with BMD. The specimens were stained by HE and nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotid-tetrazole reducase (NADH-TR) methods and observed under light microscope. Normal muscles from healthy people were saved as controls.Results The slice from BMD patients showed varied sizes of muscular fibers, remarkable hypertrophy fibers, splitting fibers, targetoid fibers, lobulated fibers, whorled fibers and ring fibers. Targetoid fibers were also found using NADH-TR staining.Conclusions The degree of fiber necrosis in BMD is mild. Degeneration and proliferation are the main pathological changes, which predict mild clinical symptoms, long course of disease and favourable prognosis.

Objective To investigate the different effects of 2 species of Fructus aurantii immaturus on cardiovascular and respiratory system.Methods The extract of 2 species of Fructus aurantii immaturus were administered to anesthetized rats by duodenum and the dosages were 4.2,2.1 g crude drug/kg respectively.After administration,a continuous observation of blood pressure,respiration and ECG effects for 4 hours were performed.Results Compared with the control group,both of Citrus aurantium and Citrus sinesis exerted a transient increase to respiration rate after 20 min administration.No significant impact was observed during the experiment period on the ECG.The influence of Citrus aurantium on blood pressure was more significant.Compared with the control group,the effects of SBP,DBP and MBP reduced was observed in high-dose group of Citrus aurantium after 40,60,80 min administration,and so in low-dose group of Citrus aurantium after 60 min.The impact duration was up to 2 hours or more.However,the antihypertensive effect of Citrus sinesis was not obvious.And the blood pressure lowering effect of Citrus aurantium was superior to Citrus sinesis.Conclusion The 2 species of Fructus aurantii immaturus exert a transient excitatory effect on respiratory system.And the direct effect of them on heart is not obvious.The blood pressure lowering effect of Citrus aurantium is superior to Citrus sinesis.The attention should be given in the clinical usage of Fructus aurantii immaturus.

Objective: To observe the effect of oxidative stress on intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: Seventy-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups, group B and group C served as TBI models, group A was designated as the normal controlgroup(shame operation). In group C rats were treated with dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) prior to TBI, while rats in group A and B were treated with equivalent normal saline. During the experiment period, the morphological changes of intestinal mucosa were observed, and the intestinal mucosal permeability was detected by measuring the level of endotoxin, diamine oxidase(DAO). Superoxide dismutase(SOD), malondiadehycle (MDA), myeloperoxidase(MPO) and xanthine oxidase(XOD) activities were also detected. Results: During the observed period, the intestinal mucosal barrier function was damaged and the intestinal mucosal permeability increased. The content of endotoxin in serum significantly increased(P < 0.05). As early as 3 h after TBI, the DAO activity in the serum began to increase obviously. At 24 hafter TBI it increased to the highest level(P < 0.05).In group TBI the activity of SOD in intestinal mucosal decreased significantly(P < 0.01); however the levels of MDA and the activity of MPO increased significantly (P < 0.01), the activity of XOD increased significantly as well, and then decreased after 6 h. When pr-treatment with DMSO, intestinal mucosal damage was improved, the content of endotoxin in serum was reduced (P < 0.05), and the increased DAO activity in the serum were inhibited (P < 0.05). When compared with group TBI, there was an inhibition in the decreased activity of SOD and the increased level of MDA in group DMSO (P < 0.05), but they were still higher than that of control group(P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the activity of XOD and MPO between group DMSO and group TBI. Conclusion: The structure and function of intestinal mucosal barrier were damaged following TBI. Oxidative stress played an important role in the intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction following TBI. Both XOD and activated polymorphonuclear neutrophils(PMN) were the major source of oxygen free radicals.

Objective:To investigate the effects of two SNP sites of delta-like ligand protein-1 (DLL1) gene rs2738822 (C>T) and rs9459988 (T>G) and gene expression on bone marrow suppression after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.Methods:Breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were selected as study subjects, including 90 patients with severe bone marrow suppression and 72 patients with mild bone marrow suppression. Patient’s demographic characteristics and laboratory test indicators were collected. Two SNP sites of DLL1, rs2738822 and rs9459988, were genotyped by capillary electrophoresis and section analysis (SNaPshot) . The relative mRNA expression of DLL1 gene was detected by quantitative reverse polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) method.Results:For The rs2738822 of DLL1 gene, the genotype distribution difference between severe and mild bone marrow suppression groups was statistically significant ( χ2=8.622, P=0.013) . Compared with CC genotype, CT and TT genotype carriers had a higher risk of severe bone marrow suppression, with an OR value of 2.746 (1.335-6.882) and 3.054 (1.282-8.143) , respectively. The dominant model results showed that TT OR CT carriers had a significantly higher risk of severe bone marrow suppression than THOSE with CC genotype [ OR=2.976 (1.231-4.963) ]. For rs9459988, there was no significant difference in genotype distribution between severe bone marrow suppression group and mild bone marrow suppression group ( χ2=2.149, P=0.342) . Results of the dominant model showed that TG or GG carriers had a significantly higher risk of severe bone marrow suppression than TT carriers, with an OR value of 2.046 (1.053-5.611) . The relative mRNA expression level of DLL1 gene was 1.15±0.23 in patients with severe bone marrow suppression, which was significantly lower than that in patients with mild bone marrow suppression (2.64±0.51) ( t=6.381, P<0.001) . For rs2738822, with the increase of T allele, the relative mRNA expression level of DLL1 gene decreased gradually ( P<0.05) . For rs9459988, the relative mRNA expression level of DLL1 gene in patients with mutant allele G was also significantly lower than that in wild-type CC carriers ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:Mutations of DLL1 genes rs2738822 and rs9459988 are related to the occurrence of severe bone marrow suppression after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer, and can be used as a genetic marker to predict the degree of bone marrow suppression after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer patients.

Objective To investigate the influence of human chorionic gonadotropin on testicular germ cell apoptosis of bilateral cryptorchidism in rats.Methods Immature male rats (22 day-old Sprague Dawley) were subjected to bilateral cryptorchidism and injected with 20 U human chorionic gonadotropin from the 22th day to the 34th day every other day. Sham operation rats were as control group. At age 35 days and 60 days, rats were sacrificed for detection germ cell apoptosis by terminal- deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated d-UTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). Results There were significant difference of apoptosis index (AI) between bilateral cryptorchidism and sham operation groups(P0.05).Conclusion AI of cryptorchidism increases and HCG addes the number of apoptotic germ cells.

Aim The effect and mechanism of human placental extract(HPE) on the lipoprotein-cholesterol metabolism, peroxidation and the function of platelet aggregation in hyperlipaemia rats were abserved.Methods Wistar rat with hyperlipaemia models were given each HPE 0.4 ml (100 g)-1?d-1 through lavage for 12 days.The serum levels of TG,TC,LDL-C,HDL-C and HDL2-C in its subgroup were measured.The activies of LPO and SOD in both blood and liver tissue were determined .The effect of HPE on lipidosis of liver were abserved by fat dyeing.The levels of 6-keto-PGF1?,TXB2 in plasma and maximum platelet aggregation rate were measured by ELASA. Result The levels of HDL-C and HDL2-C were increased (P