It sums up detailed recognition on stroke before publication of "Acupuncture",also its causa morbi,mechanism,differentiation and diagnosis,treatment and prognosis in the book,systemically reviewing the prescription on stroke in the book.

AIM: To determine the aqueous, vitreous, serum levels of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR), and to speculate on the source of the change in concentration and to discuss its clinical significance.METHODS:Forty-one eyes withproliferative diabetic retinopathy were included in the study, 16 of which were complicated by neovascularization of iris (NVI).Twenty-one eyes with idiopathic macular hole (MH)were as controls. The aqueous, vitreous, serum levels of PEDF and VEGF of all the groups were determined with ELISA. PEDF, VEGF and the levels in the three groups were compared with analysis of variance (ANOVA). The PEDF, VEGF concentrations in aqueous,vitreous and serum were analyzed with Pearson correlation test,and the correlation of PEDF and VEGF levels was also analyzed with Pearson correlation test.RESULTS:The aqueous levels of PEDF decreased significantly in sequence in groups of control, PDR without NVI, PDR with NVI. VEGF levels increased coordinately. The similar findings existed in vitreous samples. The PEDF,VEGF levels in aqueous were not correlated significantly with those in serum,but correlated positively with those in vitreous. The intraocular levels of PEDF had a negative correlation to those of VEGF.CONCLUSION:The reduction of intraocular PEDF level and elevation of intraocular VEGF level may play an important role in the occurrence and progression of PDR. In the development of PDR, the PEDF,VEGF levels in aqueous may be mainly effected by local pathological changes, as anti-angiogenic and pro-angiogenic factors, their unbalanced intraocular distribution may promote the angiogenesis of the iris and retina.

To explore the effect of lycorine in inducing apoptosis of pulmonary carcinoma cell A549 and its mechanism. In the study, pulmonary carcinoma cell A549 were taken as the experimental subject and processed with different concentrations of lycorine (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 μmol x L(-1)). The MTT method was used to observe the cell proliferation. The apoptosis rate of A549 cells was determined by Annexin FITC/PI double staining. The microplate reader was used to detect the activities of Bcl-2, Bax and p53. The changes in mitochondrial membrane potential were measured by the flow cytometry. The expressions of apoptosis-related factors Bcl-2, Bax, p53 and Survivin were determined by Real-time PCR. The results showed that lycorine significantly inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells (P < 0.05), induced the apoptosis on A549 cells (P < 0.05), increased the activities of Bax and p53, reduced Bcl-2 activity and mitochondrial membrane potential, and notably changed the gene expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, p53 and Survivin (P < 0.05). In conclusion, lycorine can induce the apoptosis of A549 cells and be applied to treat pulmonary carcinoma. Its mechanism may be related to the activation of relevant factors in Bcl-2 signaling pathway.
Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Carcinoma ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Phenanthridines ; pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics ; metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; genetics ; metabolism

Blood Vessels ; physiology ; Humans ; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; physiology

Aim To establish a cell model heterologously expressing Kir6.x and SUR subunits of K_(ATP)channels and to study the selectivity of iptakalim on different subtypes of K_(ATP) channels.Methods Cell were transfected with the pcDNA vector containing the coding sequenced of Kir6.x and SUR using liposome and the pEGFP-N1 vector encoding for green fluorescent protein was added for easy identification of transfected cells.Using immunocytochemical technique,we detected the expression of Kir6.x and SUR protein in[FL(2K2]transfected cells.The electrophysiological experiment was performed after transfection 48-72 h.In whole cell configuration,the effects of K_(ATP) channel openers iptakalim,pinacidil and diazoxide on the clone currents in transfected HEK-293 cells and the antagonism of K_(ATP) channel inhibitor glibenclamide were evaluated.Results Immunocytochemical study identified the expression of Kir6.x and SUR protein in transfected cells.The electrophysiological experiment showed that in cells with recombinant expression of the Kir6.1/SUR2B channel complex,iptakalim(100 ?m),pinacidil(100 ?m)and diazoxide(200 ?m)significantly increased the clone current from(-88.0?30.8) pA to(-2042.6?127.3) pA,(-1431.9?142.4) pA and(-1104.7?228.9) pA,respectively,at-100 mV,and the actions were inhibited by glibenclamide(10 ?m).In cells expressed with Kir6.2/SUR2A channel,both iptakalim and pinacidil activated the currents,which was sensitive to glibenclamide.While diazoxide had no effects on the clone currents.In contrast,in cells with Kir6.2/SUR1channel,diazoxide increased the activity of recombinant K_(ATP) channels,while iptakalim and pinacidil had little effects.Conclusion From these observations,the effects of K_(ATP) channels openers with different chemical structures on the subtypes of K_(ATP) channels were diverse.Iptakalim showed selective action on Kir6.1/SUR2B and Kir6.2/SUR2A,but not Kir6.2/SUR1 K_(ATP) channels

Aim To investigate the desensitization characteristics of neuronal ?4?2、?4?4 and ?7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors heterologously expressed in the SH-EP1 cell line stimulated by prolonged of repetitive application of agonist.Methods The Whole cell recording configuration of patch-clamp technique was used to study the desensitization characteristics of ?4?2、?4?4 and ?7-nAChRs in cultured SH-EP1 cells three days after passage by rapid application of nicotine onto the soma of the cells.Results Inward currents were elicited by rapid application of agonist in all the three types of SH-EP1 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.?7-nAChRs desensitized the fastest and deepest in the three while ?4?4-nAChRs the slowest and lightest under prolonged stimulation.?4?2-nAChRs desensitized the fastest in the three under repetitive stimulation while ?4?4 and ?7-nAChRs didn't have obvious desensitization.Conclusion When stimulated by prolonged of repetitive application of agonist,neuronal ?4?2、?4?4 and ?7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors had different desensitization characteristics,which is possibly associated with their roles in organophosphate poisoning inducing persistent stimulation of excessive accumulation of endogenous ACh and in nicotine addiction inducing repetitive stimulation of nicotine.

AIM To investigate the effects of iptakalim hydrochloride (Ipt) on cerebral neuronal sodium, calcium and potassium channels. METHODS The effects of Ipt on sodium, calcium and potassium channels in cultured hippocampal neurons was observed using whole-cell recording technique. RESULTS Ipt had no significant effect on Na +, Ca 2+ currents, but significantly increased the outward K + currents. This enhancement of Ipt was inhibited by synchronously application of glibenclamide. Upon the administration of Ipt 1, 10, 100 ?mol?L -1, the outward K + current was significantly increased to (121.9?8.1)%, (114.7?7.1)%, (109.1?10.0)% respectively (n=6～9, P

Lux reporter plays an important role in molecular biology,clinical microbiology and biochemical detection,owing to its high sensitivity,fast reaction and convenience.Here the component,types and characteristics of lux reporter system were introduced.Moreover,the recent advance of its application in environment detection,food safety,new drug discovery and tumor locating were reviewed.

Objective To observe the effects of hypoxia on the expression of connective tissue growth factor(CTGF)and matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP-9)in lung fibroblasts at different time points.Methods Fibroblasts were cultured at hypoxic condition 0,1.5,3,6,12 h respectively.CTGF mRNA and MMP-9 mRNA level were detected in each group by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The concen- tration of CTGF and MMP-9 protein in fibroblasts supernatant were determined using enzyme-linked im- munosorbent assay(ELISA).Results Hypoxia stimulated fibroblasts increased the level of CTGF mRNA with- in 1.5 h,and the levels remained at a plateau up to 6 h,and then decreased by 12 h.The level of MMP-9 mRNA increased significantly within 3 h,and the levels kept the trend for increasing.ELISA revealed that the levels of both CTGF and MMP-9 protein/cell in medium conditioned by fibroblasts exposed to hypoxia were maximal at 12 h.The level of MMP in the CTGF-Ab treated groups was significantly decreased compared to the untreated groups.Conclusions These findings suggest that hypoxia stimulates fibroblasts to release CTGF as a mitogen factor,which initiates the fibrosis cascade and airway remodeling by regulating the balance of extracellular ma- trix synthesis and degradation via MMP-9 which is secreted by fibroblast cells in response to CTGF.

Objective To study the clinical effect of SCOFIX on thoracolumbar fracture.Methods The clinical data of twenty-five cases with thoracolumbar fracture treated with SCOFIX system were retrospectively anal- ysed.Results With six to twenty-two months follow-up,anterior height of compressed vertebral bodies was restored from 46.8 %(12%～60%)preoperatively to 92%(90%～100%)postoperatively,and that of posterior height was from 77.5%(26%～86%)to 96.7%(90%～100%).Cobb's angle was from 15.7?(12?～26?)preoperatively to 1.4?(0?～6?)postoperatively.Conclusion SCOFIX system was simple structured,easily used and strongly fixed, and it was a good system in spinal internal fixation and for deeply reseach.