Objective To compare the genetic polymorphism of 34 Yersinia pest strains of 3 kinds of ecotypes(Microtus fiscis,Qilian Mountain and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ecotype)that isolated from the Sanjiangyuan area in Qinghai Province and Shiqu County in Sichuan Province,in order to know the ecotype relationship among the strains.Methods Thirty-four strains were amplified using the application of random amplified polymorphism DNA(RAPD)and were detected with agaroge gel electmphoresis.Results Amplified products by ngarose gel electrophoresis method showed same stripes in 31 strains,only 3 strains had slight differences.Conclusion The Microtus fuscas,Qilian Mountain and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ecotype strains isolated from Sanjiangyuan area are genetically homologous.

Objective To analyze human plague from 2001 to 2011 in Qinghai Province and to provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures.Methods Using the descriptive epidemiological methods,epidemiological field survey data and medical records of each case of human plague were collected from 2001 to 2011 in Qinghai Province.Human plague was judged in accordance with the Plague Diagnostic Criteria (WS 279-2008).Results From 2001 to 2011,human plague was reported 14 times,with incidence of 38 cases,17 dead and death rate was 44.74％ in Qinghai Province.Epidemic areas mainly distributed in the 12 townships of 9 counties.Prevalent season was from May to October,September and October accounted for 57.89％ (22/38).There were cases of Tibetan herders and Han farmers,accounting for 76.32％ (29/38) and 23.68％ (9/38),respectively;onset age from 5 to 67 years,mainly around the age of 20-45 [68.42％ (26/38)].The most prevalent clinical types were pneumonic and septicemic plague and initial case was caused by actively contact with infected plague animals.Conclusions Qinghai human plague is mainly caused by approaching the plague infected animals,human plague in Qinghai Province is on the rise,the risk of long-distance transmission of the plague is significantly increased.

Autoimmune disease is an own organization inflammatory lesions,mainly caused by destroying the adaptive immune tolerance mechanism of differentiatingself andnon-self,whose character is appearing the autoantibodies and self-reactive T cells in the body.Autoinflammatory disease is a group of genetic,recurrent and noninvasive inflammatory disease,whose characteristics are fever,rash,joint pain,arthritis,ophthalmic pathological changes and increasing of acute phase proteins,and it can affect many organ systems.These diseases are different in the mode of onset and clinical manifestations,but also can have similar and overlapped symptoms and signs,and often confused with other systemic diseases.Therefore,clinical misdiagnoses or missed diagnoses easily occur.To understand correctly and master the laboratory examination characteristics and its clinical is essential,which has significant value in the clinical diagnosis,differential diagnosis,evaluation and treatment of these diseases.

BACKGROUND: The glycoprotein which ends of a-galactosyi residues (a-Gal) is the major heterogenic antigen for hyperacute rejection. OBJECTIVE: To observe the distribution characteristic of the small tissue engineered vessel scaffold, and a-Gal in endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells of Wistar rats and Japanese white rabbits, in addition, to discuss the feasibility of applying acellular tissue vessel scaffold to heterogeneous blood vessel transplantation. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The contrast observation was conducted at the Department of Human Anatomy of China Medical University between March 2003 and December 2004. MATERIALS: Totally 30 caudal arteries of Wistar rats were collected. Fifteen of which were prepared for small vessel scaffold (small vessel scaffold group), the remained 15 served as caudal artery group. Additionally, 15 central arteries were obtained from each ear of Japanese white rabbits (central artery group). METHODS: Totally 16 mg/L Bandeiraea Simplicifolia I Isolectin B4 (BSI-B4) was added for DAB staining with Affinity histochemistry method. Then MetaMorth/C5050/BX41 microscopic image analysis system was used to detect the positive reaction product of a-Gal. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Color changes of vascular wall were observed under light microscope; the optical density of the positive reaction product of a-Gal was measured. RESULTS: The expression of a-Gal was mainly located in the cell membrane, as well as cell nucleus of endothelial cells in the central artery group. The expression of a-Gal of endothelial cell was strong positive in the caudal artery group, which was weak or negative expressed in the small vessel scaffold group. The optical density of a-Gal expression was lowest in the tunica intima of small vessel scaffold group, which was less in the central artery group than the caudal artery group (P < 0.001). The a-Gal expression in the tunica media of small vessel scaffold group was less than the central artery and the caudal artery groups (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In the caudal artery of Wistar rat, the expression of a-Gal is higher than that in the central artery of Japanese white rabbit. Therefore, the heterogeneous tissue engineered vessel material from acellular caudal artery of Wistar rats can be used in blood vessel transplantation.

Objective:To design a new automatic cap opening device consists of holding mechanism, open mechanism, improve mechanism, rotating mechanism and recycling mechanism in order to resolve the poor adaptability, complex structure and lower liability problem for specimen container in the biological specimen pretreatment system.Methods: This paper designed a automatic equipment to remove the rubber cap and screw cap. This equipment is compatible with the different specification specimen containers and the container cap, and the specimen container cap was stepped up and rotated with same power component.Results: The application of equipment has reduced the manufacturing cost and maintenance cost for specimen container, improved the system reliability, solved the current technical problems of the equipment, such as poor adaptability and lower liability. Conclusion: The design of equipment mainly adapts to CS-6400 series of automatic biochemical analyzer, and it can improve the detection efficiency of biological specimen, reduce the cross contamination and satisfy the practice necessity for clinical detection.

Objective: To observe the clinical effects of scalp acupuncture and body acupuncture on post-stroke ataxia. Methods: 124 cases of post-stroke ataxia were treated with scalp and body acupuncture to observe the changes of blood velocity in the blood vessels of the brain and the total effects after treatment. Results: The total effective rate was 93.5% based on the result of Berg Balance scale, and was 91.1% on the activities of daily living (ADL) index. The blood velocity of the vertebrobasilar artery was higher after the treatment compared to before treatment (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Acupuncture had good clinical effects.

Objective To study the genetic toxicity of aluminium trichloride on reproductive cells of male mice.Methods Twenty healthy male KM mice were randomly divided into four groups,the experimental groups(50,75,100 mg/kg AlCl3 respectively) and the normal control group(0.9% NS),all of the groups were exposed by intraperitoneal injection,2 consecutive days with one day interval,for 2 weeks.The variation of body weight and index of testicle was observed,olive tail moment was evaluated by comet assay while sperm nucleus immaturity rate was examined by fluorescent staining sperm nucleus.Results Compared with the negative control group,the index of testicle in each AlCl3 treated group decreased significantly(P

Objective:Defensins from human neutrophils exhibit a broad antimicrobial activity.The transfection of the gene fused by human neutrophil peptide 1(HNP1) with the J chain into other cells may induce the in vitro expression of HNP1 to play antimicrobial roles.The authors analyzed the influencing factors on the expressed proteins of HNP1 and the J chain gene in COS-7 cells.Methods: Western blot was used to analyze the technical factors influencing the HNP1 protein expression.Results: Recombinant J-HNP1 was expressed in the cells successfully.Conclusion: The expression of J-HNP1 can be detected inside and outside the cells by Western blot.

Objective To observe and compare the accurate dynamic changes of types Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅴ, and Ⅵ collagens in the wound healing processes of the rabbit cornea undergoing laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) or photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and to investigate the possible mechanisms of corneal haze and myopic regression. Methods New Zealand White rabbits were divided into 8 groups: normal control group (n=6), 1, 7 d, and 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6 month groups (n=14). Every rabbit underwent LASEK in one eye while the other one with PRK. We used Western blot analysis to compare the wound healing process of dynamic changes of types Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅴ, and Ⅵ collagens in the rabbit cornea at every time point. The results were analyzed with data analysis software. Results Western blot analysis showed that after LASEK, the cornea wound healing with types Ⅰand Ⅲ collagens were much faster than that of PRK, and the wound response was also much weaker. Whereas for types Ⅴ and Ⅵ collagens, their dynamic changes were similar between LASEK and PRK, and they both reached the peak value at 3 month after the surgery, but LASEK group returned to normal earlier than PRK group. The value of these two types of collagens after PRK was higher than that by LASEK. The changes of these four types of collagens may offer us at least partial explanation to the difference of formation of corneal haze and refractive regression. Conclusion There are significant differences between LASEK and PRK in types Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅴ, and Ⅵ collagens or the time of reacting, reaching apex, and returning to normal. LASEK has slighter intensity of reaction. The results indicate that there is excessive aggradation of collagens after PRK, which may be the histological foundation of obvious haze and myopia regression.