Background: The HIV/TB pandemic is a serious danger for humans. In Vietnam, many NGOs recommended that the supply of DCT services for TB patients is essential in HIV/TB prevention. Assessing knowledge and practice of HIV/AIDS preventive tasks for health workers in a context that tuberculosis combined with AIDS is rising, is imperative. Objectives: (1) To describe the knowledge and practice of health workers about the DCT model on HIV/TB patients. (2) To evaluate the knowledge and practice of HIV prevention of occupational exposure at DCT sites in Ha Noi. Subjects and method: A cross - sectional study carried out on all 30 health workers who provided HIV/ TB at 10 DCT sites of TB units in Ha Noi. Results and conclusions: The percentage of health workers, that had full knowledge about DCT methodology was low (<50%), and about all 3 groups of knowledge was very low (21.4%). 82.5% - 100% of health staffs had implemented completely the process of HIV/TB at DCT sites but not very skillfully. All of them paid attention to general prevention and standard preventive methodology, but their practices were not synchronous and correct. Less than 50% of the health workers had full knowledge about the assessment of exposure risk and treatment after exposure.
Diagnostic Counseling and Testing (DCT) ; health workers

Papiliotrema huenov was previously reported to be highly tolerant of a range of extremely toxic heavy metals. This study aimed to identify the potential of P. huenov to remove manganese and copper from aqueous solution. Physical conditions which affect removal of Mn(II) and Cu(II) were determined. Optimal temperature for adsorption of both metal ions was 30°C, and optimal pH for maximum uptake of Mn(II) and Cu(II) were 5 and 6, respectively. Under these conditions, living cells of P. huenov accumulated up to 75.58% of 110 mg/ L Mn(II) and 70.5% of 128 mg/L Cu(II) over 120 h, whereas, the removal efficiency of metal ions by dead cells over 1 h was 60.3% and 56.5%, respectively. These results indicate that living cells are more effective than dead biomass for bioremediation, but that greater time is required. The experimental data extends the potential use of P. huenov in biosorption and bioaccumulation of toxic heavy metals to copper and manganese, two of the most common industrial contaminants.