No abstract available.
Cryoglobulinemia* ; Gangrene* ; Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance* ; Paraproteinemias*

Cryoglobulins are cold-precipitable monoclonal or polyclonal immunoglobulins,which can occur without an identifiable underlying disease condition or in association with underlying disorders.Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis is immune complex-mediated vasculitis that predominantly affect small vessels.Less often,medium-sized or even large vessels can be affected.Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis is a rare one of the cutaneous manifestations of multiple myeloma.We experienced a patient with cryoglobulinemic vasculitis developed in multiple myeloma who presented with Raynaud's phenomenon,purpuric patch and skin ulcer.
Cryoglobulinemia ; Cryoglobulins ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma* ; Skin Ulcer ; Vasculitis*

Peripheral polyneuropathy is caused by various disorders such as diabetes mellitus. Cryoglobulinemia, as a cause of peripheral polyneuropathy, has been well documented in many reports. Recently we experienced a case of essential cyroglobulinemic polyneuropathy and therapeutic effect of plasmapheresis was shown even in chronic periods. In a patient with peripheral polyneuropathy with no known etiology, one should always consider cryoglobulinemia as a cause since early diagnosis and proper treatment will lead to better outcome.
Cryoglobulinemia ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Plasmapheresis ; Polyneuropathies

Cryoglobulinemia refers to the presence in the serum of one or more immunoglobulins that precipitate at temperatures below 37degrees C and that redissolve on rewarming. Type I cryoglobulin contains an isolated monoclonal immunoglobulin. The symptoms of type I cryoglobulinemia included purpura, Raynaud's phenomenon, distal ulcerations and gangrenous change caused by vascular occlusion resulting from protein precipitation. We report a case of type I cryoglobulinemia in a 72-year-old woman who had purpuras and gangrenes on her right elbow and left knee without distal skin lesions.
Aged ; Cryoglobulinemia* ; Elbow ; Female ; Gangrene ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Knee ; Multiple Myeloma ; Purpura ; Rewarming ; Skin ; Ulcer

We report a case of atrophie blanche which was accompanied by cryoglobulinemia. The patient, 17-year-old female, have had recurrent painful ulcerations and ivory-white atrophic scars with telangiectases surrounded by hyperpigmentation. On histological examination, vessel wall thickening and hyalinization of the intima, partial vascular occlusion, vascular proliferation and mild perivascular chronic inflammatory cells infiltration and hemorrhage in the upper dermis were noted. The patient had been treated with dipyridarnol(Persantin) and acetylsalicylic acid hut the lesions had been waxed and waned.
Adolescent ; Aspirin ; Cicatrix ; Cryoglobulinemia* ; Dermis ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Hyperpigmentation ; Telangiectasis ; Ulcer

Cryoglobulinernia occurs in about 5% of the cases of multiple myeloma. The most common finding in patient with cryoglobulinemia is ulceraticn that oceurs about ankle, hands, and occasionally the ears, upon prolonged exposue to cold. A 59-year old male had had 5 years of pain in his ears. There were black or dark brown colored ischemic ulcerations on his both helix. He also had mottled purpuric patches on his both ankles. A test for cryoglobulinema was positive. X-ray examination of the skull showed multiple punched but lesions. The bone marrow study revealed myeloma cell infiltration.
Ankle ; Bone Marrow ; Cryoglobulinemia* ; Ear ; Hand ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma* ; Skull ; Ulcer

Mixed cryoglobulinemia occurs predominantly in association with chronic liver disease, infections, autoimmune diseases, and malignancies. Mixed cryoglobulinemia is classified as essential if no primary disease is identified. We report a 42-year-old woman with a painful essential cryoglobulinemic neuropathy. She developed arthralgia, purpura, and subacute multifocal sensorimotor neuropathy. Laboratory studies did not show any associated conditions except for an elevated cryoglobulin level. An electrophysiological study and nerve biopsy were indicative of multifocal axonal neuropathy. The neuropathy was stabilized with immunosuppressive treatment.
Adult ; Arthralgia ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Axons ; Biopsy ; Cryoglobulinemia ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; Mononeuropathies ; Purpura

OBJECTIVE: Cryoglobulins are immunoglobulins that tend to form reversible precipitations below 37degrees C, well known to be associated with various diseases such as autoimmune diseases, hematologic malignancies, chronic infections and renal diseases. In many cases, low amounts of cryoglobulins take a few days to be precipitated. In this study, we compared cryoglobulin early screening test with conventional method to evaluate its clinical efficacy. MEHTODS: 28 patients who showed cryoglobulinemia were selected and the time it took for visibly detecting the existence of cryoglobulin were recorded. Sera of cryoglobulinemiemic patients (n=19) and of control group (n=14) kept in two conditions of 37 degrees C and 4 degrees C for 1 hour and were then measured for delta optical density (DOD). RESULTS: In the cryoglobulin early screening test using the test tube, the median and range of the DOD for cryoglobulinemic patient group was 0.50 (0.17~0.99) while it was 0.18 (0.02~0.50) for the control group. The results showed statistically significant difference (p=0.001). In another method of using the microplate, there was no statistical significance between disease and control group. The area under the curve for test tube method was 0.857. The sensitivity and specificity were 89.5% and 71.4% respectively (cut-off value=0.23). CONCLUSION: Cryoglobulin early screening test provides the results within 2 hours and we thought this feature could give clinicians some helpful informations. More studies are needed in the future for increasing the sensitivity and specificity of this test.
Autoimmune Diseases ; Cryoglobulinemia ; Cryoglobulins ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Mass Screening* ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Cryoglobulinemia, first described by Wintrobe and Buell in 1933, is characterized by the presence of serum immunoglobulins that precipitate below 37degrees C and that dissolve on rewarming. Although the actual mechanism of cryoprecipitation and the etiology of cryoglobulinemia remains obscure, it is frequently associated with other systemic diseases, such as hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, multiple myeloma, Sjogren's syndrome, B cell lymphoma, and systemic lupus erythematosus. No cases of cryoglobulinemia associated with B cell lymphoma have ever been published in the Korean medical literature, and few such cases have been reported in other countries. Herein, we report on a rare and interesting case of cryoglobulinemia developed in a patient with gastric diffuse large B cell lymphoma.
Cryoglobulinemia ; Hepacivirus ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; Multiple Myeloma ; Rewarming ; Sjogren's Syndrome

Cryoglobulinemia ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Serologic Tests ; Syphilis ; diagnosis