Objective: To determine the efficacy Eucalyptus teritocornis ethanoloic leaf extract in the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infected skin wound in Albino Spraque Dawley rats (Rattus norvegicus). Design: Experimental design: four (4) treatment groups with 5 rats each. Population: Twenty (20) Albino Spraque Dawley rats of the same age, sex and weight (+/-20 grams) were randomly distributed into 4 treatment groups. Intervention: Each group was assigned, to either E. tereticornis ethanol extract, 2 percent Mupirocin cream. Plain normal saline solution and no treatment. Outcome measures: Cure rate, rate of epithelialization, Rate of granulation, Scar formation and Bacterial growth in culture Results: The study revealed a 100 percent cure rate for the E. tereticornis extract treated group 7 days post treatment which is clinically higher than the 40 percent cure rate of the no treatment group, 60 percent cure rate of the Plain NSS group and 80 percent cure rate of the 2 percent. Mupirocin cream treated group. On the histologic findings, the rate of epitheliazation and rate of granulation of tissue was found to be comparable in the E. tereticornis group and 2 percent Mupirocin cream group and was significantly higher than the NSS group and no treatment group. Growth of bacterial culture and scar formation were found not be statistically significant. Conclusion: Based on the data, there is no sufficient evidence to suggest that E. Tereticornis ethanolic leaf extract is efficacious in the treatment of S. aureus infected wound lesions, however, the rate of epithelialization and granulation of tissue was found to be statistically higher in the E. tereticornis group which is comparable to the rate of epitheliazation and granulation of tissue of the 2 percent Mupirocin group.
Child ; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ; PLANTS, MEDICINAL ; RATS ; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the Philippines. Improvement in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) remains below recommended targets for Filipino patients. Safe and effective therapies are needed for this population.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and change in HbA1c among Filipino patients with DM treated with insulin lispro mix 25/75 in a real-world setting.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospective, non-interventional, post-marketing surveillance study among 459 Filipinos aged 18 years or older with type 1 or 2 DM. Patients were treated with insulin lispro mix 25/75 according to the approved label, as prescribed by the investigators, and observed for 12 weeks. Occurrence of all TEAEs and change in HbA1c from baseline to final visit were reported.
RESULTS: Mean (SD) treatment duration was 12.93 (5.7) weeks, and mean total daily dose was 0.62 (0.29) units/kg. Eighteen patients (3.9%) experienced 23 TEAEs, the majority of which were mild. None were reported to be related to treatment. No serious TEAEs or hypoglycemic episodes were reported. Mean (95% confidence interval) HbA1c was significantly reduced by -2.03% (-2.19%, -1.87%), and 36.3% of patients achieved HbA1c <7.0% at 12 weeks.
CONCLUSION: In this observational study, no treatmentrelated safety signals using insulin lispro mix 25/75 were detected among Filipino diabetic patients. HbA1c was significantly reduced in Filipino patients with DM at 12 weeks.

Human ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Insulin Lispro ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated ; Hypoglycemia ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Hypoglycemic Agents

OBJECTIVES: To present a case of vocal cord paralysis and dysphagia developing in Gradenigo syndrome and to discuss its clinical presentation, differential diagnosis and therapeutic approach.

METHODS:
Design: Case Report
Setting: Tertiary Government Hospital
Patient: One

RESULTS: A 54-year-old lady was admitted with a six-month history of left-sided otorrhea, cheek and jaw pain, three months otalgia, and recent-onset hoarseness, dysphagia and diplopia on a background of mastoidectomy at age six. Otoscopy revealed granulation tissue and chlolesteatoma occupying the left external auditory canal. There was left vocal cord paralysis with pooling of saliva in the pyriform sinus, left lateral gaze paralysis and left facial nerve paralysis. CT scan revealed sclerosis of the left petrous apex and leptomeningeal enhancement on the left temporal lobe. Chronic suppurative otitis media with cholesteatoma and Gradenigo syndrome was diagnosed, and canal wall down mastoidectomy was performed. Postoperatively, the otalgia and pain over the left jaw diminished in intensity while hoarseness and left lateral gaze palsy remained.

CONCLUSION: Gradenigo syndrome is known for its triad of retro-orbital pain, lateral gaze paralysis, and chronic middle ear infection due to petrous apicitis. Although rare, vocal cord paralysis and dysphagia may develop when infection traverses and encroaches on the jugular foramen where cranial nerves IX, X, and XI are lodged. Knowledge of the syndrome should not be limited or confined to the classic triad. Practicing ear specialists should be vigilant and cognizant of the clinical manifestations and sequelae of chronic middle ear infection. Prompt surgical intervention is crucial while resolution of the disease may vary for different individuals.

Human ; Female ; Middle Aged ; paralysis ; Deglutition Disorders ; Diagnosis, Differential ; therapy ; Otitis Media

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality of life before, and after Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) among patients with nasal obstruction due to nasal polyposis using the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) questionnaire translated in Filipino (NOSE-Ph) in a tertiary government hospital in Metro Manila.

METHODS:

Design:Cross-Sectional QOL Study

Setting:Tertiary Government Hospital

Participants:  40 patients with nasal polyposis who underwent FESS from April 2014 to June 2015 were included in the study. Patients who underwent FESS due to other nasal tumors other than nasal polyp were excluded. The subjects answered the previously-validated NOSE-Ph questionnaire pre- and post-operatively and the scores were gathered and analyzed.

RESULTS:Based on the pre and post-operative scores, there was a statistically significant improvement in all 5 parameters (1. nasal congestion, 2. nasal obstruction, 3. trouble breathing, 4.  trouble sleeping, and 5. inability to get enough air through the nose during exercise).

CONCLUSION:There was a statistically significant improvement in the quality of life of patients who underwent FESS based on the pre and post-operative scores using the NOSE-Ph questionnaire translated in Filipino.  

Human ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Nasal Obstruction