No abstract available.
Authorship ; Crime

DNA found at the scene of a crime is often damaged and degraded to small fragments and remained in low quantity. Therefore, there are some difficulties in forensic STR typing of these DNA samples. In this study, to overcome these limitations as different approach, we applied repairing enzyme to damaged DNA. The efficacy of a repair enzyme system (PreCR Repair Mix) was evaluated by using several types of artificially damaged and naturally damaged DNA. The results showed that autosomal STR amplification produced increased yield in the DNA damaged by UV irradiation, oxidation, or acid/heat, and DNA from dried blood spot and dried saliva spot by treatment of a repair enzyme, but not in DNA extracted from old skeletal remains. In conclusion, a repair enzyme will be efficiently applied to forensic samples which were damaged by UV irradiation, oxidation, and acid/heat.
Crime ; DNA ; Saliva

Sixty years after the massacre took place at Jeju, authors carried out a series of exhumations. The exhumation based on anthropological and archaeological method allowed for the interpretation of events occurring during the burial of the body and provided data for crime scene investigation, the evidence.
Burial ; Crime ; Exhumation

Exhumation in clandestine graves has to be done very carefully, since it is considered as a crime scene. Most such cases are related to a suspicious death and it is very important to search for human remains carefully. Before excavation, all operational procedures have to be planned in advance. Missing evidence or human errors can be avoided if each investigative team member works together with archaeological assistance and forensic pathologists. But in practice, it may be difficult to work according to established standard operational procedures because, in many cases, the clandestinely buried victims appear in unexpected areas or it is hard to locate the exact location of the site. Therefore, we present the following cases and hope that the general principles for exhuming a clandestine grave will be established so that they can be helpful in similar investigations in the future.
Crime ; Exhumation ; Humans

The drug addiction related crimes have been increasing rapidly and drug addiction related crimes caused many serious social outcomes. The addicts were increasingly and occurred in the schools and colleges. The drug smuggle was increasingly. The strike on the criminal control was very bad. This paper introduced some solutions such as strengthen the education and communication of the disadvantages of drug, renovation of socio-economy for making the new jobs and perfection of the law system.
Crime ; Substance-Related Disorders

Seventy-two sexual criminal cases in Thõa Thiªn HuÕ province from 1992 to 1999 have been studied. We conclude that: The number of the violates are increasing: The incidence is highest in HuÕ City (54.94%); Most frequent victims are children under 13 years old (51.9%); The dependence are seen in all of the age groups even in the children under 13 years old (6.69%). It is necessary to have effective methods for preventing and controlling sexual criminals in order to create a happy and safe life
Sexual Behavior ; Crime

Specimens from sexual crimes are generally mixed stains consisted of sperm cells(from suspect) and virginal cells(from victim). We have combined two new methods - Differex(TM) system and FTA(R) technology- to overcome shortcomings of method that has been used before to separate sperm DNA from mixed stains. This methods have shown additional benefits and similar quality than using the only Differex(TM) system to the experiment. The result of our experiment represents the possibility that Differex(TM) system and FTA(R) technology would be useful methods for DNA analysis related to sexual crimes because this system can save time, labor and contamination for experiments.
Coloring Agents* ; Crime ; DNA* ; Spermatozoa*

Cases of sexual assault are often difficult to investigate and prosecute. The collection of evidence is a crutial factor when determining if such a case will go forward. Evidence contained in a rape kit plays a significant role in whether or not a crime of sexual assault can be prosecuted. It is important not only that the evidence be collected properly but also that the kit itself provide for the proper collection of evidence and materials. Because most hospital emergency departments throughout the country use their own kits, or none at all, there is a vast inconsistency in evidence collection. Different kits collect different amounts of evidence. For this reason, we established a kit committee to evaluate the contents of victim evidence collection kits. We propose that most hospital emergency departments and some clinics across the country be provided with rape kits to be used during forensic medical examinations of sexual assault victims and that those kits should be supplied the Sexual Assault Evience Collection (SAEC) Program, commonly referred to as the Rape Kit Program.
Crime ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Rape

Objective: This case report aims to discuss the diagnosis of mental retardation as insanity defence in a crime offender. Methods: We report a gentleman who committed murder and rape 9 years ago, and currently being treated at a mental institution. Results: Patient was certified to have mental retardation, and was pleaded on the defence of unsoundness of mind because he had defect of reason at the time of alleged offence. Conclusion: Mental retardation does fulfil the McNaughton’s rule. Unsoundness of mind becomes the insanity defence even for murder under section 84 of the Penal Code.
Crime ; Intellectual Disability ; Insanity Defense

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the interpersonal problems andmental health of college students according to their experience of bullies and of being victims of bullying in childhood and adolescence. METHODS: The questionnaire was completed by 221 college students in J city. Data were collected during November and December, 2015. The data were analyzed and interpreted using descriptive statistics and ANOVA with the PASW Statistics 18.0 program. RESULTS: Nearly 65% of participants reported having experienced bullying victimization, bullying perpetration when they were in elementary, middle or high school. Interpersonal problems were significantly different between victims or victim-perpetrator and a control group (F=13.12, p<.001). Mental health was significantly different between victims, perpetrator or victim-perpetrator and a control group, (F=13.15, p<.001). CONCLUSION: Participants commonly reported experiencing bullying while at school and these reports were associated with higher interpersonal problems and lower levels ofmental health. Bullying experience needs further investigation as a preventable cause of interpersonal problems and mental health problems across the lifespan.
Adolescent ; Bullying* ; Crime Victims ; Humans ; Mental Health