No abstract available.
Authorship ; Crime

Exhumation in clandestine graves has to be done very carefully, since it is considered as a crime scene. Most such cases are related to a suspicious death and it is very important to search for human remains carefully. Before excavation, all operational procedures have to be planned in advance. Missing evidence or human errors can be avoided if each investigative team member works together with archaeological assistance and forensic pathologists. But in practice, it may be difficult to work according to established standard operational procedures because, in many cases, the clandestinely buried victims appear in unexpected areas or it is hard to locate the exact location of the site. Therefore, we present the following cases and hope that the general principles for exhuming a clandestine grave will be established so that they can be helpful in similar investigations in the future.
Crime ; Exhumation ; Humans

DNA found at the scene of a crime is often damaged and degraded to small fragments and remained in low quantity. Therefore, there are some difficulties in forensic STR typing of these DNA samples. In this study, to overcome these limitations as different approach, we applied repairing enzyme to damaged DNA. The efficacy of a repair enzyme system (PreCR Repair Mix) was evaluated by using several types of artificially damaged and naturally damaged DNA. The results showed that autosomal STR amplification produced increased yield in the DNA damaged by UV irradiation, oxidation, or acid/heat, and DNA from dried blood spot and dried saliva spot by treatment of a repair enzyme, but not in DNA extracted from old skeletal remains. In conclusion, a repair enzyme will be efficiently applied to forensic samples which were damaged by UV irradiation, oxidation, and acid/heat.
Crime ; DNA ; Saliva

Sixty years after the massacre took place at Jeju, authors carried out a series of exhumations. The exhumation based on anthropological and archaeological method allowed for the interpretation of events occurring during the burial of the body and provided data for crime scene investigation, the evidence.
Burial ; Crime ; Exhumation

The drug addiction related crimes have been increasing rapidly and drug addiction related crimes caused many serious social outcomes. The addicts were increasingly and occurred in the schools and colleges. The drug smuggle was increasingly. The strike on the criminal control was very bad. This paper introduced some solutions such as strengthen the education and communication of the disadvantages of drug, renovation of socio-economy for making the new jobs and perfection of the law system.
Crime ; Substance-Related Disorders

Seventy-two sexual criminal cases in Thõa Thiªn HuÕ province from 1992 to 1999 have been studied. We conclude that: The number of the violates are increasing: The incidence is highest in HuÕ City (54.94%); Most frequent victims are children under 13 years old (51.9%); The dependence are seen in all of the age groups even in the children under 13 years old (6.69%). It is necessary to have effective methods for preventing and controlling sexual criminals in order to create a happy and safe life
Sexual Behavior ; Crime

Cases of sexual assault are often difficult to investigate and prosecute. The collection of evidence is a crutial factor when determining if such a case will go forward. Evidence contained in a rape kit plays a significant role in whether or not a crime of sexual assault can be prosecuted. It is important not only that the evidence be collected properly but also that the kit itself provide for the proper collection of evidence and materials. Because most hospital emergency departments throughout the country use their own kits, or none at all, there is a vast inconsistency in evidence collection. Different kits collect different amounts of evidence. For this reason, we established a kit committee to evaluate the contents of victim evidence collection kits. We propose that most hospital emergency departments and some clinics across the country be provided with rape kits to be used during forensic medical examinations of sexual assault victims and that those kits should be supplied the Sexual Assault Evience Collection (SAEC) Program, commonly referred to as the Rape Kit Program.
Crime ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Rape

Specimens from sexual crimes are generally mixed stains consisted of sperm cells(from suspect) and virginal cells(from victim). We have combined two new methods - Differex(TM) system and FTA(R) technology- to overcome shortcomings of method that has been used before to separate sperm DNA from mixed stains. This methods have shown additional benefits and similar quality than using the only Differex(TM) system to the experiment. The result of our experiment represents the possibility that Differex(TM) system and FTA(R) technology would be useful methods for DNA analysis related to sexual crimes because this system can save time, labor and contamination for experiments.
Coloring Agents* ; Crime ; DNA* ; Spermatozoa*

Objective: This case report aims to discuss the diagnosis of mental retardation as insanity defence in a crime offender. Methods: We report a gentleman who committed murder and rape 9 years ago, and currently being treated at a mental institution. Results: Patient was certified to have mental retardation, and was pleaded on the defence of unsoundness of mind because he had defect of reason at the time of alleged offence. Conclusion: Mental retardation does fulfil the McNaughton’s rule. Unsoundness of mind becomes the insanity defence even for murder under section 84 of the Penal Code.
Crime ; Intellectual Disability ; Insanity Defense

In recent years, criminal profiling has received tremendous attention in the investigation of violent crimes in Korea. The basic premise of criminal profiling is that different patterns of offences will reflect differences in personality traits or motives among criminals. This article reviews the concept of behavioral evidence analysis as a method of criminal profiling and proposes the possibility of linking it to forensic wound interpretation. Behavior has different meanings across cultures and localities, and all crime scenes have their own characters and stories, which can be inferred using insight into the dynamics of human behavior. From the criminal profiling perspective, an offending action can be divided into two types: instrumental action and expressive action. In reality, however, violent criminal behavior is extremely variable, and it is difficult to make precise predictions regarding an offender's behavior or personality. For successful profiling, we need to collect unbiased, objective information, including autopsy reports, and forensic pathologists should have basic knowledge about behavioral evidence analysis. The authors insist that the assessment of injury as an offending behavior can be helpful for deducing the motive for the offence and personality traits of the perpetrator.
Autopsy ; Crime ; Criminals ; Humans ; Korea ; Wounds and Injuries*