Cranial Fontanelles ; physiology ; Humans ; Infant

Corpus callosum is a co mmisural fiber connecting the cerebral hemispheres. The gender difference in the size or the shape of corpus callosum is a long standing dispute. Analysis of sexual dimorphism has been expected to provide a clue to explain sociopsychological differences. Some reported that adult female CC had more bulbous splenium and larger area considering brain size, others failed to show sexual dimorphism reported in previous studies. Only few studies were reported on sexual dimorphism of the during development. The 200 midsagittal ultrasonographs were obtained through anterior fontanelle from healthy Korean neonates (100 males, 100 females). The neonates born after 38 ~42 weeks conception were scanned and each image was analyzed with NIH image. The average area of total corpus callosum was 97.61 +/-21.05 (Mean +/-SD) mm 2 in male, 99.54 +/-20.82 mm 2 in female. Mean length of corpus callosum was 45.06 +/-4.51 mm in male, 44.46 +/-3.71 in female and mean height was 14.06 +/-1.86 mm in male, 13.4 +/-1.75 mm in female. The height of male corpus callosum was significantly higher than that of female. We could find out sexual dimorphism of spatial orientation of the corpus callosum, although there was no significant gender difference in area of corpus callosum.
Adult ; Brain ; Cerebrum ; Corpus Callosum* ; Cranial Fontanelles ; Dissent and Disputes ; Female ; Fertilization ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Male

Robinow syndrome is a rare inherited disorder initially reported by Robinow et al. in 1969 as a new dwarfing syndrome. It is characterized by the presence of fetal face, forearm shortening, genital hypoplasia, and hemivertebrae. The autosomal recessive form of Robinow syndrome shows a more severe clinical phenotype which is expressed by the mutation of homozygous ROR2(Receptor tyrosine kinase like Orphans) gene, mapped to the chromosome 9q22, a region that overlaps the locus for autosomal dominant inherited brachydactyly type B(BDB). ROR2 encodes the receptor tyrosine kinase, which is important for the development of mesomelic long bones. We experienced a boy diagnosed as a Robinow syndrome with fetal face(frontal bossing, hypertelorism, small up-turned nose, triangular mouth with down turned angles, micrognathia), large anterior fontanelle, cranium bifidum, mesomelic shortening, cryptorchidism. We present this case with a brief review of related literature.
Brachydactyly ; Cranial Fontanelles ; Cryptorchidism ; Encephalocele* ; Forearm ; Humans ; Hypertelorism ; Male ; Mouth ; Nose ; Phenotype ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Skull*

PURPOSE: It is critical that the exact gestational age of a newborn baby, especially premature baby, be determined to evaluate the status of a disease and its management and to estimate the prognosis of a patient. This study aimed to investigate an easy and accurate method to estimate gestational age on cranial ultrasound, requiring minimal additional time and equipment. METHODS: A high-resolution coronal sonographic image was obtained via the anterior fontanel with a 5-12 Mhz linear probe after the usual cranial sonographic examination. We measured the depth of cerebral hemisphere, thickness of corpus callosum, and depth of cingulate sulcus and obtained the correlations between these factors and gestational age. RESULTS: Depth of cingulate sulcus had the highest correlation coefficiency with gestational age (r=0.878, P=0.000). All the cases, except for 2 cases, had a gestational age of more than 37 weeks, when the depths of cingulate sulcus were more than 0.55 cm, and had a gestational age less than 34 weeks, when the depths of cingulate sulcus were less than 0.35 cm. CONCLUSION: Measurement of the depth of cingulate sulcus was a simple and accurate method to estimate the gestational age on cranial ultrasound. The gestational age is more than 37 weeks, when the depth of cingulate sulcus is more than 0.55 cm, and is less than 34 weeks, when the depth of cingulate sulcus is less than 0.35 cm.
Cerebrum ; Corpus Callosum ; Cranial Fontanelles ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Prognosis

Aplasia cutis congenita is a rare disease presenting in the newborn infant as localized areas of skin defect. Its association with a number of congenital malformations is well documented. I observed a newborn infant with typical aplasia cutis congenita. The skin defect of my case was found on the posterior fontanelle without any congenital malformation. Diagnosis was made by history, clinical and histopathological findings.
Cranial Fontanelles ; Diagnosis ; Ectodermal Dysplasia* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Rare Diseases ; Skin

Arteriovenous malformation(AVM) is the rare cause of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage. It is a congenital vascular lesion that can arising anywhere in the body. We report here on an unusual case of AVM in a full-term newborn infant who has no symptoms except enlarged bulging anterior fontanelle. AVM of other organs or adult cases were reported occasionally, but postoperative surviving intracranial AVM in a newborn infant has not been reported in Korea so far. The hematoma which was in the cortex of left temporal area, was removed surgically and the baby is living well under regular neurological check up.
Adult ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Cerebral Hemorrhage* ; Cranial Fontanelles ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Korea

Aplasia cutie congenita is a rare congenital disease showing focal abscence of skin. In the msjority of instances it is limited ta the scalp especially on the vertex although other areas of the body may also be involved. Other congenital malformation have been reported to ccur with ACC odcasionally. Diagnosis depends on primarily clinical findings. The histologic finding virious from an absence of appendages to the involvement of varying layers of skin, occasionally extending to the bane or dura. Healed lesions often demonstrate a flattened epidermis, a proliferation of fibrobasts in a loose connective tissue stroma, newly formed capillaries, and a complete absence of adnexa stuctures. We observed a newborn infant with aplssia cutis congenita. The akir, defect was found on the posterior fontanelle. No associating cangenital anomalies were found in this case.
Capillaries ; Connective Tissue ; Cranial Fontanelles ; Diagnosis ; Ectodermal Dysplasia* ; Epidermis ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Scalp ; Skin

The maxillary sinus appeared first among the sinuses of the skull at 92 days of prenatal stage. The early formation of frontal sinus was observed at 157 days in the cranial most part of the frontal bone while the early formation of palatine sinus was observed at 170 days. A total of five fontanelles were observed in prenatal skulls of buffalo. The largest and unpaired fontanelle was anterior fontanelle. The mastoid and sphenoidal fontanelle were paired. The ossification of anterior fontanelle was first observed at 164 days. All the fontanelles were ossified completely prenatally.
Buffaloes ; Cranial Fontanelles ; Frontal Bone ; Frontal Sinus ; Mastoid ; Maxillary Sinus ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Skull

Aplasia cutis congenita is a rare disease presenting in the newborn infant as localized areas of skin defect. Its association with a number of congenital malformations is well documented. I observed a newborn infant with typical aplasia cutis congenita. The skin defect of my case was found on the posterior fontanelle without any congenital malformation. Diagnosis was made by history, clinical and histopathological findings.
Cranial Fontanelles ; Diagnosis ; Ectodermal Dysplasia ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Leprosy* ; Lymph Nodes* ; Lymphocytes* ; Rare Diseases ; Skin

This case report describes a patient who had a foreign body in transverse sinus. A 35-year-old Korean-Chinese man visited the emergency room with lacerated wound in left eyelid and a foreign body which was stumbled upon in the skull. On examination, there was right side hemianopsia in his left eye. He did not complain any headache or show any abnormal neurological signs, but there was a foreign body at left transverse sinus in computed tomography which was taken at another hospital. There was no intracranial abnormality except the foreign body in computed tomography. Because of the financial problem, additional evaluations were not possible. We herein report a strange case in which the pathway of a foreign body to locate in transverse sinus was ambiguous, and suggest that the foreign body located in transverse sinus might have been the penetrated along the anterior fontanelle and passed through the superior sagittal sinus.
Adult ; Cranial Fontanelles ; Emergencies ; Eye ; Eyelids ; Foreign Bodies ; Headache ; Hemianopsia ; Humans ; Skull ; Superior Sagittal Sinus