1.Relationship between pregnancy rate and serum progesterone concentration in cases of porcine embryo transfer.
Joonho MOON ; Ji Yei CHOI ; Jung Taek KANG ; Sol Ji PARK ; Su Jin KIM ; Goo JANG ; Byeong Chun LEE
Journal of Veterinary Science 2014;15(1):167-171
The level of P4 at the time of embryo transfer (ET) is important. P4 concentrations and numbers of corpora lutea for 126 recipients were evaluated. Nuclear transfer embryos were transferred into 126 surrogates. 11 maintained their pregnancy until full-term delivery, 17 miscarried, and implantation failed in 98 animals. P4 levels in the full-term group were significantly different from those of the pigs that aborted or in which implantation failed (p < 0.05). However, the numbers of corpora lutea were not significantly different. These findings indicate that the concentration of progesterone can be an important factor for successful ET in pigs.
Animals
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Corpus Luteum/*physiology
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Embryo Transfer/*veterinary
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Embryo, Mammalian/*physiology
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Female
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Nuclear Transfer Techniques
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Pregnancy
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*Pregnancy Rate
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Progesterone/*blood
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Retrospective Studies
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Sus scrofa/*physiology
2.Effects of acupuncture on the luteal function of rats with dysfunctional embryo implantation.
Dan-juan HE ; Guang-ying HUANG ; Ming-min ZHANG
Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion 2009;29(11):910-913
OBJECTIVETo observe the influence of acupuncture on the luteal function of rats with dysfunctional embryo implantation, and investigate its mechanism.
METHODSThe early pregnant female rats were randomly divided into a normal control group, a model group, an acupoint group and a non-acupoint group. The model rats with dysfunctional embryo implantation were established with Mifepristone. For acupuncture treatment, bilateral "Housanli" (ST 36) and "Sanyinjiao" (SP 6) were selected in the acupoint group, while the points around the acupoint were used in the non-acupoint group. In this experiment, the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), estrodiol (Es) and progesterone (P) in serum were tested with radioimmunity method, the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in ovary was examined with immunohistochemical assay and Western-blot, and also, the mRNA expression of VEGF and luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) in ovary were detected with RT-PCR.
RESULTSThe levels of LH and P in serum, as well as the expression of VEGF, VEGF mRNA and LHR mRNA in ovary in the acupoint group were significantly higher than those in the model group and the non-acupoint group (P < 0.05), but there was no obvious difference from that of the normal control group.
CONCLUSIONAcupuncturing at "Housanli" (ST 36) and "Sanyinjiao" (SP 6) can increase the levels of LH and P in the serum, and up-regulate the expression of VEGF, VEGF mRNA and LHR mRNA in ovary, which may enhance the luteal function of rats with dysfunctional embryo implantation and improve its embryo implantation.
Acupuncture Therapy ; Animals ; Corpus Luteum ; physiology ; Embryo Implantation ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Gene Expression ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone ; blood ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar
3.Expression of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator in rat ovary.
Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Medical Sciences) 2008;28(5):584-7
The protein expression of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a cAMP-activated Cl(-) channel, in ovarian stimulated premature female rat ovary during a cycle of follicle development and corpus luteum formation was investigated. Animals were injected with 10 U pregnant Mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and subsequently 10 U hCG 48 h later. Time-dependent immunohistochemistry and Western blotting experiments were performed before and 24, 48, 72 h after hCG treatment. The immunohistochemistry revealed that administration of PMSG stimulated the CFTR expression in thecal cell layer and granulosa cell layer of mature follicles 48 h post injection, coincident with the PMSG-induced peak in follicular estradiol. However, the expression of CFTR in the granulose lutein cell layer and thecal lutein cell layer was time-dependently reduced following hCG injection, in accordance with the gradually increased progestogen level during luteum corpus formation. Western blotting analysis demonstrated that rat ovarian tissue expressed the special CFTR band at 170 kD. It is concluded that cAMP-dependent Cl(-) channels are involved in regulation of follicle development and luteum formation.
Connective Tissue Growth Factor/genetics
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Connective Tissue Growth Factor/*metabolism
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Connective Tissue Growth Factor/*physiology
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Corpus Luteum/growth & development
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Ovarian Follicle/growth & development
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Ovary/*metabolism
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Rats, Wistar
4.Evaluation of the effect of a 3rd GnRH injection administered six days after the 2nd GnRH injection of Ovsynch on the reproductive performance of Japanese black cows.
Abdurraouf Omar GAJA ; Katsumi HAMANA ; Chikara KUBOTA ; Toshiyuki KOJIMA
Journal of Veterinary Science 2008;9(3):273-279
This study was designed to evaluate the reproductive performance of Japanese black cows following the 3rd injection of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue administered concurrently with Ovsynch-based treatment on day 6 (day 1 = the day of ovulation). In Experiment 1, 12 cows were allocated into three groups: a control group that was subjected to Ovsynch treatment and then injected with a placebo on day 6; group 1 (Ovsynch + GnRH), which was subjected to Ovsynch treatment and was injected with GnRH analogue on day 6, and group 2 (Ovsynch + controlled internal drug-release (CIDR) + GnRH), which received Ovsynch-CIDR treatment and was injected with GnRH analogue on day 6. Blood collection and ultrasonographic observation of the ovaries were conducted daily. Both treatments induced the formation of an accessory corpus luteum and significantly increased the cross-sectional area of the luteal tissue when compared to the control. However, plasma progesterone (P(4)) was significantly higher in the treatment groups than in the control group on days 11, 12, 17 and 18 in the group 1 and from day 10 to 21 in the group 2. In Experiment 2, 41 cows were assigned to the same three groups described above and then artificially inseminated on day 1. The pregnancy rates on day 45 did not differ among groups. In conclusion, administration of GnRH analogue on day 6 following Ovsynch-based treatment did not improve the reproductive performance of Japanese black cows, even though the P(4) concentration was higher in groups that received the GnRH.
Animals
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Cattle
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Corpus Luteum/anatomy & histology/drug effects/physiology
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Delayed-Action Preparations
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Drug Administration Schedule
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Estrus/drug effects/physiology
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Female
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Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
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Japan
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Ovulation/drug effects/physiology
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Placebos
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Progesterone/blood
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Reproduction/drug effects/*physiology
5.Luteal lifespan and fertility after estrus synchronization in goats.
Lu Meng CHAO ; Koji TAKAYAMA ; Yoshitaka NAKANISHI ; Katsumi HAMANA ; Mitsuhiro TAKAGI ; Chikara KUBOTA ; Toshiyuki KOJIMA
Journal of Veterinary Science 2008;9(1):95-101
The present experiment aims to examine the efficiency of estrus synchronization using progesterone and equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) and to look at luteal function. During the non-breeding and breeding season, 5 adult female Korean native goats were injected intramuscularly with 2.5 ml of physiological saline as the control. A progesterone impregnated intravaginal sponge was then kept in the same goats for 10 days followed, after a week, by an intramuscular injection of 500 IU eCG. Five adult female Nubian goats were mated with a fertile buck during the non-breeding season. During the non-breeding season 2 of the 5 goats showed a normal estrous cycle (ranging from 18 to 21 days) and 3 a short estrous cycle (ranging from 3 to 6 days). During the breeding season the equivalent figures were 1 and 2. The major axes of the corpus luteum (CL) were measured by means of calipers built into the ultrasonography system, and the concentrations of plasma progesterone (P(4)) were determined by double antibody radioimmunoassay. The mean major axes of the CL in goats showing the short cycle (6.1 +/- 0.5 mm) was significantly smaller than in those showing the normal cycle (8.9 +/- 0.5 mm; p < 0.01) and also the value of P4 in goats showing the short cycle (4.2 +/- 2.1 ng/ml) was significantly lower than for those showing the normal cycle (10.3 +/- 4.3 ng/ml; p < 0.05) at day 3 following ovulation. Three out of 5 Nubian goats became pregnant but only one goat carried to full term. The present experiment indicated that a combination of progesterone and eCG was effective in inducing estrus, although it resulted in a high incidence of short luteal lifespan. The low kidding rate and high incidence of embryonic loss may be due to the instability of the luteal lifespan.
Animals
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Chorionic Gonadotropin/*pharmacology
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Corpus Luteum/*drug effects/*physiology
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Estrus Synchronization/*drug effects/physiology
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Female
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Fertility/*drug effects
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Fertility Agents, Female/pharmacology
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Goats/*physiology
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Horses
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Pregnancy
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Progesterone/blood/*pharmacology
6.Effect of oxytocin infusion on luteal blood flow and progesterone secretion in dairy cattle.
Christos N BROZOS ; Metin S PANCARCI ; Javier VALENCIA ; Nikola BEINDORFF ; Georgios TSOUSIS ; Evaggelos KIOSSIS ; Heinrich BOLLWEIN
Journal of Veterinary Science 2012;13(1):67-71
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of oxytocin infusion on corpus luteum (CL) function during early to mid-diestrus by measuring luteal size (LS) and luteal blood flow (LBF) along with plasma levels of progesterone (P4) and prostaglandin metabolites (13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2alpha, PGFM). On day (D) 7 of the estrus cycle (D1 = ovulation), seven cows received 100 IU of oxytocin (OXY) or placebo (PL) following a Latin square design. LS and LBF increased in both groups over time and no differences were observed between the groups. PGFM did not differ either within the groups over time or between the groups at any time point. P4 of the OXY group was higher compared to that of the the PL group 360 min after the infusion (p = 0.01) and tended to be higher at the time points 450 min, 48 h, and 72 h (all p = 0.08). Results from this study support the hypothesis that OXY is not directly involved in the mechanism(s) governing blood flow of the CL and has no remarkable effects either on luteal size or P4 and PGFM plasma levels. Further investigation is needed to elucidate the role of OXY in CL blood flow during early and late luteal phases.
Animals
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Cattle/*physiology
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Corpus Luteum/blood supply/*drug effects/secretion/ultrasonography
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Dinoprost/analogs & derivatives/blood
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Estrous Cycle/*drug effects/physiology
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Female
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Immunoenzyme Techniques/veterinary
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Organ Size/physiology
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Oxytocin/*pharmacology
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Progesterone/blood/*secretion
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Random Allocation
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Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color/veterinary