Coronary Artery Disease ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Graft Occlusion, Vascular ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Heart Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Humans

Coronary-subclavian steal through the left internal mammary graft is a rare cause of myocardial ischemia in patients who have had a coronary bypass surgery. We report a 70-year-old man who presented with sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia 5 years after the surgical creation of a left internal mammary to the left anterior descending artery. Cardiac catheterization illustrated that the left subclavian artery was occluded proximally and that the distal course was visualized by retrograde filling through the left internal mammary graft. Clinical ventricular tachycardia was reproducibly induced with a single ventricular extrastimulus, and antitachycardia pacing terminated the tachycardia. Restoration of blood flow by way of a Dacron graft placed between the descending aorta and the subclavian artery resulted in the total relief of symptoms. Ventricular tachycardia could not be induced during the control electrophysiologic study after surgical revascularization.
Aged ; Coronary Artery Bypass/adverse effects ; Coronary Artery Disease/*diagnosis/etiology/*pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Complications/diagnosis/etiology ; Subclavian Steal Syndrome/*diagnosis/etiology/*pathology ; Tachycardia, Ventricular/*pathology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the validity, reliability, and clinical applicability of Chinese medicine syndrome diagnostic standards for coronary heart disease (CHD) patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), which was established by expert consultation.

METHODSA total of 1 050 CHD patients after PCI were recruited from 23 hospitals. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive likelihood ratio, and area under ROC curve were used to evaluate the validity of diagnostic standards for Chinese medical syndrome types. The observable agreement rate and Kappa value were used to evaluate the reliability. Positive predictive value and negative predictive value were used to evaluate the clinical applicability.

RESULTSThe sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive likelihood ratio, area under ROC curve, observable agreement rate, Kappa value, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of each Chinese medicine syndrome in CHD patients after PCI were as follows: 95.26%, 93.70%, 94.86%, 15.13, 0.924, 98.76%, 0.969, 97.76%, and 87.24% for blood stasis syndrome; 96.42%, 95.34%, 96.00%, 20.70, 0.957, 99.52%, 0.990, 97.02%, and 94.42% for qi deficiency syndrome; 88.19%, 96.46%, 94.19%, 24.89, 0.923, 96.67%, 0.915, 90.39%, and 95.58% for phlegm turbidity syndrome; 91.06%, 98.77%, 97.05%, 74.22, 0.950, 98.67%, 0.960, 95.54%, and 97.46% for cardiac blood stasis syndrome; 98.41%, 96.73%, 97.33%, 30.10, 0.976, 98.86%, 0.976, 94.40%, and 99.09% for qi deficiency blood stasis syndrome; 94.81%, 94.75%, 94.76%, 18.07, 0.948, 97.71%, 0.918, 72.73%, and 99.20% for phlegm-stasis stagnation syndrome.

CONCLUSIONThe validity, reliability, and clinical applicability of Chinese medicine syndrome diagnostic standards for CHD patients after PCI were rational and considerable in clinical practice.

Coronary Disease ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; adverse effects ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Coronary Artery Disease/complications* ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac/etiology* ; Humans ; Myocardial Ischemia/diagnosis*

No abstract available.
Aged ; Angina Pectoris/diagnosis/etiology ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease/*complications/diagnosis/therapy ; Coronary Stenosis/*complications/diagnosis/therapy ; Coronary Vessel Anomalies/*complications/diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/instrumentation ; Stents ; Treatment Outcome

Arterial Occlusive Diseases ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Coronary Disease ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; blood supply ; Male ; Middle Aged

A 53-yr-old man underwent radiofrequency ablation to treat persistent atrial flutter. After the procedure, the chest pain was getting worse, and the electrocardiogram showed ST-segment elevation in inferior leads with reciprocal changes. Immediate coronary angiography showed total occlusion with thrombi at the distal portion of the right coronary artery, which was very close to the ablation site. Intervention with thrombus aspiration and balloon dilatation was successful, and the patient recovered without any kind of sequelae. Although the exact mechanism is obscure, the most likely explanation is a thermal injury to the vascular wall that ruptured into the lumen and formed thrombus. Vasospasm and thromboembolism can also be other possibilities. This case raise the alarm to cardiologists who perform radiofrequency ablation to treat various kinds of cardiac arrhythmias, in that myocardial infarction has been rarely considered one of the complications.
Acute Disease ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Atrial Flutter/*surgery ; Catheter Ablation/*adverse effects ; Chest Pain/etiology ; Coronary Occlusion/etiology ; Coronary Vessels/radiography ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction/*diagnosis/etiology/therapy ; Thrombosis/surgery

It is never an easy thing to diagnose heart vascular disease only depending on the unenhanced postmortem computed tomography (PMCT). This article reported a case of sudden natural death after the complaint of anterior chest pain in which coronary artery calcification (CAC) was clearly displayed using PMCT scan. The entire coronary artery system was almost reconstructed via multiplanar reformation (MPR) and volume-rendering reconstruction (VR), and the total calcium score of the coronary arteries was obtained with CaScoring automatic analysis software. The results showed that CAC was conspicuous; the total calcium score was 640.3, considerably higher than 400. The pulmonary ground-glass opacity (GGO) and small amount of fluid both in the subglottic trachea and main bronchi were also found. The imaging results confirmed those of autopsy. In addition, the results concluded that PMCT might serve as an invaluable adjunct to the classic autopsy procedure.
Autopsy ; Calcinosis/diagnosis* ; Cause of Death ; Coronary Artery Disease/diagnosis* ; Coronary Vessels/pathology* ; Death, Sudden/etiology* ; Forensic Pathology ; Humans ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods*

Cardiogenic unilateral pulmonary edema (UPE) is a rare clinical entity that is often misdiagnosed at first. Most cases of cardiogenic UPE occur in the right upper lobe and are caused by severe mitral regurgitation (MR). We present an unusual case of right-sided UPE in a patient with cardiogenic shock due to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) without severe MR. The patient was successfully treated by percutaneous coronary intervention and medical therapy for heart failure. Follow-up chest Radiography showed complete resolution of the UPE. This case reminds us that AMI can present as UPE even in patients without severe MR or any preexisting pulmonary disease affecting the vasculature or parenchyma of the lung.
Acute Disease ; Aged ; Coronary Angiography ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Heart Atria/ultrasonography ; Heart Failure/diagnosis/etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency/ultrasonography ; Myocardial Infarction/complications/*diagnosis/therapy ; Pulmonary Edema/*diagnosis/etiology/therapy ; Shock, Cardiogenic/*diagnosis/etiology/therapy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

A hypothesis of " blood-stasis and toxin causing catastrophe engender acute cardiovascular event (ACE)" was put forward according to TCM cognition on blood-stasis and toxin, in combining with the up to date concept of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease, and together with our clinical practical experiences. The etiology, pathogenesis, evolving law, initial characteristics, clinical manifestation, therapeutic methods, prescriptions and their compatibility, as well as the well-suited time for applying TCM intervention were discussed. The authors stressed that it is of great significance for further reducing the morbidity of ACE and improving the effect of integrative medicine for preventing and treating cardiovascular thrombotic disease.
Acute Disease ; therapy ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Coronary Thrombosis ; complications ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans