Objective To investigate ultrasonographic (US) features of mucinous breast carcinoma with pathological correlation and to improve the early diagnosis for the mucinous breast carcinoma.Methods Twenty-two patients with 23 focuses mucinous carcinoma of the breast confirmed by pathology were included in this study,retrospectively evaluate sonographic features according to the American College of Radiology(ACR) Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System(BI-RADS) Lexicon,all cases were classified by BI-RADS before operation.Histological type of mucinous breast carcinoma included mixed and pure two forms,the latter was classified into cellular variants and hypocellular variants.The correlation between the ultrasonographic findings of mucinous carcinoma and histologic features in different types were analysed.Results On US examination,all 22 cases presented as solid mass.In pure form,they showed well-defined margins with no pseudocapsule and isoechogenic or hypoechoic internal echo pattern relative to that of subcutaneous fat in 86.7％ (13/15) focuses which histological type were pure type.93.3％ (14/15) of pure type focuses had posterior enhancement.All pure type focuses demonstrated that the orientation of the mass is parallel to the skin line.75.0％ (6/8) of mixed type focuses and 13.3％ (2/15) of pure type focuses,however,demonstrated ill-defined and or spiculated margins with more hypoechogenic structure (P ＜0.01).Mixed type focuses have more aggressive malignant features.65.2％ (15/23) of cases being classified as BI-RADS 4 or 5 were suspected as malignancy,which included 6 mixed type focuses and 9 pure type respectively accounting for 75.0％ (6/8) and 60.0％ (6/15) of each type focuses.Conclusions Mucinous breast carcinoma especial pure type did not have the typical malignant breast masses sonographic features,which showed some benign masses sonographic features except no pseudocapsule benign feature.Mixed type mucinous carcinomas tumors have more aggressive margin imaging characteristics.It is suggested that mucinous breast carcinoma should be classified category 4 by BI-RADS to avoid diagnosis delay.

Discussed the former herbal investigation of Flos Lonicerae by herbal investigation and field survey. Descripted and illustrated the Caprifoliaceae or Flos Lonicerae in known ancient Chinese medical books that varied with current Lonicera japonica. At last, conformational description of Caprifoliaceae or Flos Lonicerae in Sushenliangfang was reported.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; history ; pharmacology ; Flowers ; anatomy & histology ; History, Ancient ; Literature ; history ; Lonicera ; anatomy & histology ; classification

Objective To evaluate the position of the fetal conus medullaris during pregnancy and its value in detecting tethered cord syndrome(TCS). Methods Nine hundred and seventy-four normal fetuses and 46 fetuses with TCS between 15 and 41 weeks gestation were involved in the study.Parameters D 1 (the distance between the end of the conus medullaris and the caudal edge of last vertebral body ossification center) and D2 (the distance from the end of the conus medullaris to the caudal skin namely the intersection point of the extending line of D1 and the skin) were measured in the caudal midsagittal plane of the spine. Sixty normal fetuses were chosed randomly for interobserver variability.Correlation analysis between these two parameters and gestational age(GA) were conducted and the normal reference value of these parameters were calculated in normal group. The ratios of growth parameters ( Biparietal diameter, Head circumference,Abdominal circumference,Femur length) to D1 and D2 were calculated separately to observe the difference of the ratios between two groups. All the parameters and ratios of normal fetuses were compared with that of TCS cases.Results There was no significant difference in D1 and D2 between two observers.A significant linear correlation between the parameters and GA was found in normal group,linear regression equations were D1=0.251 GA -2.265 cm (R2=0.926,P <0.01) and D2=0.267 GA -1.812 cm(R2=0.928,P <0.01),respectively.D1 and D2 were much lower in normal group than in abnormal group (all P <0.01). The ratios of the growth parameters to D1 and D2 were relatively stable and had statistically differences between two groups in different gestational age. Conclusions The methods that determination of D1 and D2 are simple and feasible,and could help to the prenatal diagnosis of TCS.

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effects of crystal form on in vivo and in vitro behavior of Astilbin nanosuspensions （AT-NS）. METHODS： AT-NS1 and AT-NS2 were prepared by precipitation method and miniaturized media milling method respectively. The particle size and polydispersity index （PDI） were determined by laser particle size analyzer. X-ray diffraction （XRD）， scanning electron microscopy （SEM）， HPLC and paddle method were used to analyze and compare the structure characteristics， appearance morphology and in vitro dissolution of AT raw material， AT-NS1 and AT-NS2. Totally 15 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into AT raw material， AT-NS1 and AT-NS2 group， with 5 rats in each group. They were given relevant medicine suspension 120 mg/kg （using water as solvent） intragastrically； blood samples  were collected from orbit before medication （0 min） and 5， 10， 20， 30， 60， 120， 240， 480 min after medication. Using rutin as internal standard， HPLC method was used to determine plasma concentration of AT in rats. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by using DAS 2.0 software and then compared. RESULTS： The particle sizes of AT-NS1 and AT-NS2 were （212.48±0.32） nm and （226.36±2.29） nm， respectively； PDI were 0.129 3±0.026 3 and 0.254 7±0.012 4. XRD analysis showed AT-NS1 was amorphous， and AT-NS2 was crystalline. Diffraction peaks of both were different from those of AT raw material. SEM analysis showed that AT-NS1 and AT-NS2 were similar in morphology， and they were spherical and uniform in size； AT raw material was lump with large particle size and different sizes. Results of dissolution tests showed that accumulative dissolution of AT raw material， AT-NS1 and AT-NS2 were 4.54％， 35.01％， 12.22％ at 1 h； accumulative dissolution of them were 24.01％， 81.14％， 64.69％ at 12 h； accumulative dissolution of them were 36.04％， 84.47％， 85.86％ at 24 h， respectively. Results of pharmacokinetic study showed， compared with AT raw material group， cmax and AUC0-∞ of AT-NS1 and AT-NS2 groups as well as t1/2z of AT-NS1 group were increased significantly， while tmax of AT-NS1 group was significantly reduced significantly （P＜0.05）. Compared with AT-NS2 goup， cmax， AUC0-∞ and t1/2z of AT-NS1 group were increased significantly， while tmax was reduced significantly （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： When AT is prepared into NS， dissolution in vitro and oral absorption in vivo of AT are increased significantly. In a short time， the dissolution/absorption of amorphous NS is faster than crystalline NS.