Objective To induce fluconazole resistance in T.asahii by culture in medium containing increasing concentrations of fluconazole,and to evaluate the stability of the induced resistance.Methods Two T.asahii strains with a highest sensitivity to fluoconazole,including a clinical isolate CBS2479 (minumum inhibitory concentration (MIC) =0.25 μg/ml) and an environmental isolate CBS8904 (MIC =1.5 μg/ml),were selected from 11 T.asahii strains stored in the laboratory of the Department of Dermatology,General Hospital of Beijing Military Region.Both strains were respectively and serially subcultured in potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium containing growing concentrations of fluconazole (from 0.5 MIC to 256 μg/ml).E-test was performed to evaluate the susceptibility of T.asahii to fluconazole after each passage.To evaluate the stability of fluconazole resistance,the T.asahii isolates with induced resistance (MIC ＞ 256 μg/ml) were serially subcultured in drug-free PDA medium,and drug susceptibility assay was performed after each subculture.Results After serial culture in PDA medium containing fluconazole,high level of fluconazole resistance (MIC ＞ 256 μg/ml) developed in both of the fluconazole-susceptible T.asahii strains CBS2479 and CBS8904.The MIC value of fluconazole remained unchanged in the fluconazole-resistant strain CBS2479R,but gradually decreased to 64 μg/ml in the other resistant strain CBS8904R after 18-day culture in fluconazole-free PDA medium.Conclusions Fluconazole resistance can be induced in T.asahii strains from different origins by serial culture in medium containing growing concentrations of fluconazole,and the stability of the induced fluconazole resistance varies between strains of different origins.

OBJECTIVE To identify if Trichosporon asahii exist cph1 gene homolog of Candida albicans,and analyze its nucleotide sequence.METHODS Nuclear DNA was extracted from the cells of T.asahii by using a simplified protocol,designed 29 pairs of primers according to the cph1 gene sequence of C.albicans and amplify by PCR.The PCR products were cloned and sequenced using the ABI377 nucleotide sequenator,and BLAST analysis.RESULTS An 827 bp gene was amplified successfully,which was homolog with the cph1 gene of C.albicans and their identity was 97.3%.CONCLUSIONS This trial determines the clone cph1 gene in T.asahii for the first time,which makes bases for the role of cph1 gene in the hypha formation.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency introduction of L-vitamin C in patients with melasma.Methods:From March to June 2019, 20 patients with melasma were admitted to the Department of Dermatology, the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, including 19 females and 1 male, aged 30-60 years, with an average age of 43.5 years. All patients were treated with 22 percent of L-vitamin C once a week, a total of 8 times of treatment and followed up for 12 weeks. Each subject was assessed with standardized clinical photo, skin tests (VISIA skin image analyzer and CK multifunctional skin tester) and patient self-assessment. In addition, the adverse reactions were recorded.Results:Physician evaluation and patient self-evaluation showed that skin symptoms were improved obviously after treatment. 90% of the subjects thought that all of the skin moisture, pores, fine lines, glossiness, and color spots were improved after 12 weeks. The skin texture, ultraviolet stain and the brown spots which were detected with VISIA skin image analyzer were all improved after one week and one month. Difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Skin glossiness was significantly improved, skin moisture content increased and melanin decreased, which were detected with CK multifunctional skin tester. The differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). But there was no significant change in transdermal water loss and red pigment index ( P>0.05). Conclusions:22% L-vitamin C can be used to treat melasma and improve photoaging safely without affecting skin barrier function.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside tablets （TWP） in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis （RA） in the real world. MethodDiagnosis and treatment data of patients with RA in Chinese medicine rheumatology registration research information platform information database （CERTAIN） from January 1，2019 to January， 2024 were collected. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria， data were screened. The included data were divided into an exposure group and a control group according to the use of TWP or not. Propensity score matching （PSM） was used in both groups to keep the baseline balanced and comparable. The disease activity score （DAS28-ESR） of 28 joints based on the erythrocyte sedimentation rate （ESR）before and after treatment was compared between the two groups， as well as health assessment questionnaire （HAQ），visual analogue scale （VAS），tender joint count （TJC），swollen joint count （SJC）， patient's global assessment （PGA），evaluator's global assessment （EGA），laboratory indexes， clinical curative effect， and adverse reactions. ResultA total of 3 978 patients were included，including 929 in the exposure group and 3 049 in the control group. Before PSM，there were significant differences in demographic information，DAS28-ESR score，PGA，EGA，HAQ，VAS scores，SJC， and TJC between the two groups （P<0.05）. After successful PSM matching，922 patients in the exposure group and 922 patients in the control group were included. There was no significant difference in demographic information and DAS28-ESR between the two groups before treatment，and the differences in other indexes between the two groups decreased to varying degrees. After treatment，the DAS28-ESR，PGA，EGA，HAQ，SJC，TJC，VAS scores， ESR，and IgG immune index of the two groups were significantly lower （P<0.01）. Compared with those in the control group after treatment，the DAS28-ESR，PGA，EGA，HAQ，VAS scores， and ESR in the exposure group after treatment decreased more significantly （P<0.05，P<0.01）. There was no significant difference in TJC in the exposure group after treatment. However， TJC in the exposure group was significantly higher than that in the control group before treatment （P<0.05）. In terms of TJC reduction，the exposure group performed better than the control group. There was no significant difference in SJC and IgG between the exposure group and the control group after treatment. After treatment，the clinical symptoms of poor appetite，insomnia and many dreams，upset，fatigue，and fear of wind and cold in the two groups were improved. Except that the proportion of women in the exposure group was higher than that in the control group （P<0.01），there was no significant difference in the incidence of other adverse reactions between the two groups after treatment. ConclusionTWP to treat RA can effectively reduce DAS28-ESR，PGA，EGA，HAQ，TJC，and VAS scores and improve the general symptoms. Except for the women at childbearing age with fertility requirements that TWP is not applicable，it shows good security.