For experimental research cn malaria, it is necessary to have a fairly high and relatively stable infection rate of the mosquite vectors with malaria parasite. Many factors are known to exert influence on the sporogeny of P.yoelii, so far, we have made observations only on(1) the influence of splenectomy on the course of infection of mice (Kuming strain) with P.ycelii; (2) that of P-amincbenzoic acid on its sporogonic stages; and(3) the rhyrnic periodicity of infectivity of the gametocytes of the parasite to the mosquitoes The results obtained are reported as follows:(1)It was found that in the splenectomized animals, their parasttemia reached a peak level 6 days after inoculation (3?107-4.5?107 parasitized cells inoculated) and remained at a high level through to the end. The animals began to die from day 8 onwards and finally a total of 7 out of 10 test animals died of the infection within 20 days. However, in the intact animals infected with the same parasites the parasitemia gradually peaked in 8-12 days after inoculation and then dropped rapidly. All of them became latent by day 22 without death at all(2)Two to four days after blood inoculation intact mice were found most infective to the anophline mosquitoes with a gland infection rate of about 40%. The mosquitoes feeding on the splenectomized infected mice during the same period gave rise to, however, a higher gland infection rate than the former. The later the time want on, the more statistically significat the difference in the rate between the two groups of mosquitoes became(P

Objective To explore the levels of serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in different clinical stages of hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection and their correlation with serum HBV DNA. Methods Five hundred and seventy-five patients with HBsAg-positive and without antiviral therapy were enrolled in this study. The patients were classified into six group:IT group (immune tolerant phase, 120 patients), EPH group (hepatitis B e antigen positive hepatitis, 110 patients), LR group (low replicative phase, 90 patients), ENH group (hepatitis B e antigen negative hepatitis, 110 patients), LC group (liver cirrhosis stage, 85 patients) and HCC group (hepatocellular carcinoma, 60 patients). Serum HBsAg and HBV DNA levels were quantified and analyzed through statistics. Results The levels of serum HBsAg in IT group, EPH group, LR group, ENH group, LC group and HCC group were (4.58 ± 0.40), (4.12 ± 0.50), (2.60 ± 0.68), (3.31 ± 0.27), (2.82 ± 0.57) and (3.03 ± 0.39) lg U/ml respectively, and there was significantly different among the different phase (P<0.01). The levels of serum HBsAg in IT group, EPH group, LR group, ENH group, LC group and HCC group had positive correlation with serum HBV DNA level, and the correlation coefficients were 0.627, 0.579, 0.134, 0.317, 0.159 and 0.224 respectively. Conclusions The levels of serum HBsAg is significantly different in the different clinical phase of HBV infection, and the tendency of the correlation between serum HBsAg and serum HBV DNA gradually weakens in general.

Golgi protein 73(GP73) was closely correlated with primary hepatic carcinoma(PHC). GP73 had a higher sensitivity and specificity than alpha fetal protein(AFP), so GP73 had a great diagnostic value for early PHC. Although there were many related research reports in the domestic and foreign, their conclusions were inconsistent. This article reviewed these studies results.

Ten constituents have been isolated from the rhizomes of Cimicifuga foetida L.. Based on spectral evidence and by direct comparison with authentic samples, they were identified as isoferulic acid(Ⅰ ), 3-acetylcaffeic acid(Ⅱ ), caffeic ester glucoside(Ⅲ), cimifugin(Ⅳ),cimifugin glucoside(Ⅴ ), 6 -isoinosine (Ⅵ), cimidahurine(Ⅶ ), cimidahurinine(Ⅷ), D-glucose (Ⅸ) and sucrose (Ⅹ ).

Objective To evaluate the interventional chemoembolization combined with proton radiotherapy in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accompanied with cancerous thrombus in the main portal vein. Methods Interventional chemoembolization combined with proton radiotherapy was performed in 46 patients of HCC accompanied with cancerous thrombus in the main portal vein. The proton radiotherapy was broke up into several fractions. The patients were treated with interventional chemoembolization and, alternatively, with proton radiotherapy. The short-term effectiveness and radiation reaction were evaluated. The survival rate was followed up. Results The effective rate was 91.3% . Disappearance of cancerous thrombus in the main portal vein was seen in 45.6% of patients. The liver functions were well restored, with a remarkable reduction in AFP. No acute or delayed radiation-induced hepatic damage or radiation hepatopathy occurred during the course of and after radiotherapy. The survival rate at 1, 6, 12 and 24 months was 100%, 89.1%, 52.2% and 21.4% respectively, with a median survival period of 17.6 months. Conclusion For the patients of HCC accompanied with cancerous thrombus in the main portal vein, interventional chemoembolization combined with proton radiotherapy is an effective, safe and newly-developed therapy.

Objective To investigate the location,fine structure of melanocytes in human fetal scalp hair follicles.Methods The scalp with hair follicles was obtained from a dead fetus of 6 months of age,and divided into two parts.One part was embedded in paraffin,tissue sections were prepared with a width of 7 μm and stained with NKI/beteb,monoclonal antibodies to HMB-45,tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein 1(TRP1),respectively.The other part with hair follicles was treated with collagenase type Ⅱ 0.1 g/L and trypsin,then,cell suspension was collected and cultured.After 14-day culture,follicle melanocyte cells (FMC)were separated from keratinocytes by differential trypsinization,and fibroblasts were removed with geneticin.Following three times of pure passage,FMC were seeded and fixed on mica for scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and atomic force microscope(AFM)scanning.Results Histopathological examination showed that NKI/beteb positive cells located at the outer root sheath of human hair follicles,and these cells stained negatively for HMB-45,tyrosinase and TRP1 antibodies.However,in the hair bulb,lots of cells expressed HMB-45,tyrosinase and TRP1 antigens.After fibroblasts and keratinocytes were removed,two kinds of melanocytes remained in the culture:one was small in number and showed abundant melanin,which was lost after subsequent passage;the othgr was large in number and had no melanin initially,but proliferated very rapidly.After three passages,almost all the melanocytes were positive for NKI/beteb.As SEM and AFM showed,most cultured melanocytes appeared fusiform with two(rarely three)dendrites,and the cell body was round or oval with a few melanosomes scattered in but no clear secondary branches on the dendrites.Conclusions The melanocytes in outer root sheath of hair follicles from the fetal scalp are presumed as melanocyte stem cells or their progenies.In vitro,these cells proliferate very rapidly during early phases,but the morphology and function of them still remain immature,which is unfavorable for melanosome transport.

Objective To explore the role of CD4+CD25+CD127low/-regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris(PV). Methods Flow cytometry analysis was used to detect the amount of Tregs in peripheral blood and ELISA to test the levels of IL-10 and TGF-β1 in blood serum; the suppressive function of Tregs on autologous CD4+CD25-T cells was determined by MTT method. Results No significant difference was found in the proportion of Tregs in PV patients and healthy controls(P>0.05). There was a diminished suppression of Tregs from patients on autologous CD4+CD25- responder T cell proliferation in PV patients when compared with that in controls (P < 0.01). The serum level of IL-10 in patients was lower than that in controls (P < 0.01) while that of TGF-β1 in PV patients was significantly higher than that in controls(P < 0.01). Conclusion Abnormal function of Tregs and low secretion of IL-10 in PV patients might be related to the pathogenesis of psoriasis.

Objective To explore the value of the application of albumen powder during the early standardized nutritional support in ICU. Methods Totally 80 patients treated in ICU were enrolled. Randomized digital tables were used to divide patients into experimental and control groups. Nutritive medium was used for enteral nutrition in the control group, and intermixture of nutritive medium and albumen powder was used in experimental group. Results After the intervention, the value of index was significantly better than the control group. The sebum thickness, muscle thickness and plasma total protein and serum album in experimental group before intervention were (0.99±0.72) cm, (2.19±1.14) cm, (62.14±6.87) g/L,(35.32±2.98) g/L, and were (1.01±0.72) cm, ( 2.18±1.13) cm,(64.31±6.97) g/L, ( 36.13± 3.02)g/L in control group, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant .After intervention, the value were (1.06±0.53)cm,(2.25±0.69) cm,(69.87±7.16)g/L,(40.32±3.17) g/L in control group, (1.39±0.63)cm,(2.62±0.81)cm,(44.21±3.22)g/L,(75.24±7.32)g/L in experimental group, there were significant difference between two groups (t=2.182- 5.445, P<0.01 or 0.05). The incidence of gastrointestinal reaction in experimental group was 20％ (8/40) which was lower than 35％(14/40) of control group significantly(χ2=19.57,P=0.000). Conclusion Application of albumen powder could improve the index including sebum thickness, muscle thickness, plasma total protein and serum album and reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal reaction of patients in ICU.

Wilms′ tumor is a common malignant tumor in children.Most patients have a good prognosis, but its pathogenesis is not yet clear.In recent years, some non-coding RNAs have been found to have a close relationship with the development of this tumor.Some non-coding RNAs may serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis, predictors indicators, or targets for gene therapy.This paper studied the relationship between some non-coding RNAs associated with nephroblastoma is now available.

Objective To explore the mechanism of melanoma differentiation associated gene-7(mda-7) in combination with adriamycin(ADM) killing the HCC HepG2 cells and reversing their multidrug resistance (MDR). Methods The experiment was conducted in three groups including the combined group, ADM group and mda-7 group. MTT assay and FCM were used to determine the differences among the 3 groups and clarify the reversing effect of combined treatment on multidrug resistance of the tumor cells. Expression levels of MDR-1, STAT-3, BCL-2, BAXmRNA were determined with real-time PCR. Western blotting was performed to observe the changes of proteins gp-l70, stat3,P-stat3, PKB, bcl-2,bax in all 3 groups. Result After transfection with 100VP/cell Ad. mda-7,the growth suppression rate of HepG2 treated by ADM (1.5 mg/L) rose from 17.46% to 79. 5%.According to the changes, killed HepG2 cells were increased by a factor of 4.55. times. MDR-1 mRNA was decreased from (16.49 ± 0. 11) to (5.48±0.05) and STAT-3 mRNA increased from (13.17±0. 08) to (21. 57±0. 11)(P＜0.05). Western blotting also showed that P-170 and PKB was decreased and the phosphorylation-stat-3 increased after the combined treatment. Conclusion Ad.mda-7 can reverse the multidrug resistance HepG2 cells. It inhibits the expression of MDR-1 mRNA,then arrests PKB protein and the signaling pathway of active stat-3 to induce apoptosis of HCC cells.