Objective To investigate the level of serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and its relationship with vascular calcification in diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients .Methods COMP was tested in 54 (DN) group and 28 matched healthy persons (healthy group) .DN group was divided into vascular calcification group (VC) and non‐vascular calcification (non VC) group .DN group was also divided into cardiovascular disease group (CVD‐y) and without cardiovascular disease group (CVD‐n) in view of the company of cardiovascular disease .Serum COMP levels was compared between the DN group and the control group ,the VS group and the non VS group ,and the CVD‐y group and the CVD‐n group .The correlations between COMP level and the occur‐rence of cardiovascular disease ,the incidence of vascular calcification were estimated by Wald analysis of the application of Wald test .Results Serum COMP in DN group was significantly higher than the control group;Aortic arch calcification accounted for 75 .9% of the DN group .The serum COMP in VC group was higher than that of non VC group ,CVD‐y group had higher COMP than CVD‐n group old respectively with every 10 ng/mL increased in concentration of serum COMP .Conclusion The higher of concentration of serum COM P ,the more risk of vascular calcification and CVD .

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX), as its essential advantages of high efficiency and low cost, is a promising novel biological nitrogen elimination process with attractive application prospects. Over the past two decades, many processes based on the ANAMMOX reaction have been continuously studied and applied to practical engineering, with the perspective of reaching 100 full-scale installations in operation worldwide by 2014. Our review summarizes various forms of ANAMMOX processes, including partial nitritation-ANAMMOX, completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite, oxygen limited autotrophic nitrification and denitrification, denitrifying ammonium oxidation, aerobic deammonification, simultaneous partial nitrification, ANAMMOX and denitrification, single-stage nitrogen removal using ANAMMOX and partial nitritation. We also compare the operating conditions for one-stage and two-stage processes and summarize the obstacles and countermeasures in engineering application of ANAMMOX systems, such as moving bed biofilm reactor, sequencing batch reactor and granular sludge reactor. Finally, we discuss the future research and application direction, which should focus on the optimization of operating conditions and applicability of the process to the actual wastewater, especially on automated control and the impact of special wastewater composition on process performance.
Ammonia ; chemistry ; Bioreactors ; Denitrification ; Nitrification ; Nitrites ; chemistry ; Nitrogen ; chemistry ; Oxygen ; chemistry ; Sewage ; chemistry ; Waste Disposal, Fluid ; methods ; Waste Water ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI parameters in the diagnosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Methods A retrospective analysis of dynamic contrast enhanced MRI in 55 patients with pathologically diagnosed cervical squamous cell carcinoma without prior treatment. They were divided into three groups based on grade of differentiation: well differentiated ( 6 patients),moderately differentiated(28 patients)and poorly differentiated group(21 patients). Capacity volume transfer constant (Ktrans),exchange rate constant(Kep) and extravascular extracellular volume fraction (Ve) were measured in each group of patients, and comparing the correlation with ANOVA, DCE-MRI parameters and grading of squamous differentiation using Spearman rank correlation analysis. Results Ktrans of the poorly, moderately and well differentiated cervical squamous cell carcinoma were (2.42±0.58),(1.71± 0.78),(1.27±0.78)/min respectively, Kep were (4.17±1.23),(3.08±1.58),(2.55±0.87)/min respectively, Ve were 0.60 ± 0.12,0.60 ± 0.19,0.43 ± 0.17 respectively. Statistical difference of Ktransand Kep were found among the subgroups of different pathological grading.(F values were 7.518 and 4.234,P all<0.05), Ve difference was not statistically significant (F=2.382, P>0.05). Statistical difference of Ktransand Kep were seen in multiple comparisons, between the groups of poorly and moderately differentiated groups poorly and well differentiated groups (P all<0.05),difference was not statistically significant of Ktransand Kep were seen in the groups of moderately and well differentiated groups(P> 0.05). There were moderate negative correlation between Ktrans,Kep and the pathological degree (r=-0.531 and -0.446, P=0.001 and 0.002), Ve had no correlation between pathological grade (r= -0.220, P = 0.141).Conclusion DCE-MRI parameters Ktrans and Kep reveal perfusion characteristics in different pathological grades of cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the fine management in the role of infection control management and the effect evaluation in pharmacy intravenous admixture services. Methods From July 2013 to June 2016, infection control management were reviewed retrospectively in pharmacy intravenous admixture services:routine management (from July 2013 to December 2014) and fine management (from January 2015 to June 2016). The settlement of air bacteria formation rate, hand hygiene compliance and accuracy of drug-care workers, and worker′s hand colonization monitoring data before and after the fine management were compared. Results After the implementation of fine management, the settlement of air bacteria formation rate was reduced from 10.42%(120.0/1152) to 4.45%(51.3/1152); there was significant differences (t=3.417, P<0.01).The hand hygiene compliance of drug-care workers increased from 81.50%(1172/1438) to 95.56%(1314/1375), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=1.353, P<0.01);the accuracy rate increased from 86.09%(1109/1172) to 95.13%(1250/1314), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=60.975, P<0.01); workers′ hands colonies number after fine management decreased than before, and there was significant differences (χ2=41.163, P<0.01). Conclusions The fine management has a higher application value in the infection control management of pharmacy intravenous admixture services, which can reduce the settlement of air bacteria formation rate, workers′ hands colonies number, improve hand hygiene compliance and accuracy of drug-care workers, further standardize the worker′s behavior, provide a more secure configuration environment, and guarantee the quality of drug configuration.

Objective To investigate prospectively the changes of quantitative parameters in dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in cervical cancer patients before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).Methods Thirty-eight patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (in stage Ⅰ B2,Ⅱ A2,Ⅱ B) underwent DCE-MRI one week before and 1 month after NACT.The patients were classified into two groups:significant reaction(sCR) group and non-sCR group.The DCE-MRI pharmacokinetics parameters (mean Ktrans,mean Kep,mean Ve and mean Vp) were measured and compared between the sCR and non-sCR groups.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to describe the diagnostic accuracy of the significant parameters and their decision thresholds.Results There were 22 and 16 patients in sCR and non-sCR groups,respectively.Before NACT,the mean Ktrans was higher (P＜0.05) but the mean Ve (P＜0.05) was lower in sCR group than those in non-sCR group,and these differences were statistically significant,respectively.After NACT,the mean Ktrans (P＜0.05) and the changed value of Ktrans (P＜0.05) were significantly lower in the sCR group compared with those in the non-sCR group.The remained parameters such as Vp and Kep had no statistically difference between the two groups.When combined the parameters values before and after treatment by using ROC curves,the area under curve (AUC) of pre-mean Ktrans and /Ktrans were 0.801 (P＜0.05),0.955 (P＜0.001).The optimal cut off value for distinguishing sCR from non-sCR were the pretreatment Ktrans (0.702 0) and/Ktrans (0.043 7),and their sensitivity and specificity were 77.3％,81.2 ％,95.5％ and 81.2％,respectively.Conclusion Quantitative parameters of DCE-MRI provided a new noninvasive way to reflect the changes of hemodynamics in cervical cancer patients with NACT.The quantitative parameters,such as pre-mean Ktrans and /Ktrans could predict the treatment efficacy more precisely.

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of the changes of platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the therapeutic efficacy of the neoadjuvant treatment for breast cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 72 breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant therapy in Nantong Tumor Hospital between February 2020 and January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed and the changes of PLR and NLR before and after neoadjuvant therapy were also analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the predictive value of PLR, NLR and their changes in pathological complete remission (pCR) after neoadjuvant therapy.Results:The area under the ROC curve of PLR and NLR before the treatment, the difference in PLR before and after the treatment (ΔPLR), the difference in NLR before and after the treatment (ΔNLR) in predicting pCR was 0.520, 0.505,0.724 and 0.686,and the corresponding cut-off value was 269.231, 2.559, -2.840 and -1.457; the patients were divided into high and low groups according to the cut-off values. NLR before the treatment was not correlated with clinicopathological characteristics (all P > 0.05),while PLR before the treatment was correlated with tumor size ( P = 0.029), and ΔPLR was correlated with progesterone receptor expression ( P = 0.025), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression ( P < 0.001), molecular subtype ( P < 0.001), N stage ( P = 0.002), clinical stage ( P = 0.002) and treatment modality ( P < 0.001). ΔNLR was associated with HER2 expression ( P = 0.002), molecular subtype ( P = 0.024), tumor size ( P = 0.007), neural invasion ( P = 0.006), N stage ( P = 0.006), clinical stage ( P = 0.016) and treatment modality ( P = 0.014). ΔPLR and ΔNLR were influencing factors for patients achieving pCR after neoadjuvant therapy (all P < 0.05). Conclusions:Stage Ⅲ invasive breast cancer patients with higher ΔPLR and ΔNLR after neoadjuvant therapy have better prognosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of bronchoscopic balloon dilation treatment of dif-ferent intervals on the tracheal intubation-induced subglottic stenosis in children.Methods Children with tracheal intubation-induced subglottic cicatricial stenosis were selected as the research objects.Among the 36 children with pure balloon dilation treatment,20 cases were enrolled in the observation group and 16 cases were enrolled in the control group.In the observation group,electronic bronchos-copy was performed at 3 days after the first-time balloon dilation treatment,and those with grade 2 or higher stenosis received the second-time balloon dilation treatment.The follow-up treatment principle was as follows.If there was obvious retraction compared with the previous time and the stenosis was grade 2 or higher,the balloon dilation treatment would be performed again after an interval of 3 days;if there was no obvious retraction,the evaluation would be performed again after an interval of 2 weeks until there was no obvious retraction in the stenosis site under endoscopy for 3 times in 6 consecutive weeks,and the degree of stenosis was less than 25％,and then the electronic bronchoscopy evaluation would be stopped.In the control group,electronic bronchoscopy was performed 7 days after the first-time balloon dilation treatment,and those with grade 2 or higher stenosis received the second-time balloon dilation treatment.The follow-up treatment principle was as follows.If there was obvious re-traction compared with the previous time and the stenosis was grade 2 or higher,the balloon dilation treatment would be performed again after an interval of 7 days;the evaluation method for those with-out obvious retraction was the same as the observation group.The follow-up duration ranged from 6 to 9 months.Results There was no significant difference in the total number of treatments and out-comes between the two groups(P＞0.05).The treatment duration of the observation group was sig-nificantly shorter than that of the control group(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in intraoperative complications such as bleeding,oxygen saturation decrease,heart rate decrease,and blood pressure decrease during anesthesia between the two groups(P＞0.05).There were no sig-nificant differences in postoperative fever,aggravated laryngeal stridor,and dyspnea between the two groups(P＞0.05).There were no significant differences in dyspnea,activity tolerance,and the need for long-term oxygen therapy between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Most of the tracheal intubation-induced subglottic cicatricial stenosis in children has a good medium-and long-term effect through pure balloon dilation treatment.Shortening the interval of pure balloon dilation to 3 days can shorten the total treatment duration,alleviate the psychological burden of parents,but does not increase their economic burden.There are no significant differences in intraoperative and postoperative complications,outcomes,and long-term follow-up compared with the original interval of 5 to 7 days.

Objective To investigate the effect of bronchoscopic balloon dilation treatment of dif-ferent intervals on the tracheal intubation-induced subglottic stenosis in children.Methods Children with tracheal intubation-induced subglottic cicatricial stenosis were selected as the research objects.Among the 36 children with pure balloon dilation treatment,20 cases were enrolled in the observation group and 16 cases were enrolled in the control group.In the observation group,electronic bronchos-copy was performed at 3 days after the first-time balloon dilation treatment,and those with grade 2 or higher stenosis received the second-time balloon dilation treatment.The follow-up treatment principle was as follows.If there was obvious retraction compared with the previous time and the stenosis was grade 2 or higher,the balloon dilation treatment would be performed again after an interval of 3 days;if there was no obvious retraction,the evaluation would be performed again after an interval of 2 weeks until there was no obvious retraction in the stenosis site under endoscopy for 3 times in 6 consecutive weeks,and the degree of stenosis was less than 25％,and then the electronic bronchoscopy evaluation would be stopped.In the control group,electronic bronchoscopy was performed 7 days after the first-time balloon dilation treatment,and those with grade 2 or higher stenosis received the second-time balloon dilation treatment.The follow-up treatment principle was as follows.If there was obvious re-traction compared with the previous time and the stenosis was grade 2 or higher,the balloon dilation treatment would be performed again after an interval of 7 days;the evaluation method for those with-out obvious retraction was the same as the observation group.The follow-up duration ranged from 6 to 9 months.Results There was no significant difference in the total number of treatments and out-comes between the two groups(P＞0.05).The treatment duration of the observation group was sig-nificantly shorter than that of the control group(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in intraoperative complications such as bleeding,oxygen saturation decrease,heart rate decrease,and blood pressure decrease during anesthesia between the two groups(P＞0.05).There were no sig-nificant differences in postoperative fever,aggravated laryngeal stridor,and dyspnea between the two groups(P＞0.05).There were no significant differences in dyspnea,activity tolerance,and the need for long-term oxygen therapy between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Most of the tracheal intubation-induced subglottic cicatricial stenosis in children has a good medium-and long-term effect through pure balloon dilation treatment.Shortening the interval of pure balloon dilation to 3 days can shorten the total treatment duration,alleviate the psychological burden of parents,but does not increase their economic burden.There are no significant differences in intraoperative and postoperative complications,outcomes,and long-term follow-up compared with the original interval of 5 to 7 days.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of ab externo or ab interno transluminal trabeculotomy in the treatment of secondary glaucoma following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV).Methods:An observational case series method was performed.Seventeen eyes of 17 patients with glaucoma following PPV were enrolled in Henan Eye Hospital and Beijing Tongren Hospital from May 2016 to Feburary 2022.Primary conditions of patients receiving PPV included retinal detachment in 13 eyes, vitreous hemorrhage in 3 eyes, and entophthalmia in 1 eye.All the subjects underwent ab externo (11 eyes) or ab interno (6 eyes) transluminal trabeculotomy.The scope of all cases accepted trabeculotomy was ≥300°(11 cases of 360°, 4 cases of 330° and 2 cases of 300°).Before and at 1 week, 1 month, 6 months and 12 months after surgery, the intraocular pressure (IOP) was evaluated by Goldmann Tonometer and the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was measured using a standard visual acuity chart and converted to logrithm of minimal angle of resolution (LogMAR).The number of anti-glaucoma drug applications and surgery-related complications were recorded.The primary outcomes evaluated were IOP and surgical success rate.Secondary outcomes were medication quantity, BCVA (LogMAR) changes, and complications.Surgical success was defined as IOP reduction to <21 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) with or without the use of IOP-lowering medication.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Henan Eye Hospital (No.HNEECKY-2021[41]).Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:Preoperative, 1-week, 1-month, 6-month, and 12-month postoperative mean IOP was (34.41±5.11), (21.88±11.72), (20.77±7.67), (19.50±7.01), and (16.32±4.68)mmHg, respectively, with an statistically significant overall difference ( F=20.779, P<0.001).IOP at difference time points after surgery were lower than that before surgery, showing statistically significant differences (all at P<0.01).Compared with before surgery, IOP was reduced more than 40% at 12 months after surgery in 14 eyes.Surgical success rates at 6 and 12 months after surgery were both 76.5%.The number of IOP-lowing drugs decreased significantly after operation ( Z=-4.580, P<0.001).The difference in BCVA between before and 6 months after surgery was not statistically significant ( Z=-1.311, P=0.190).No serious complications were seen in any of the operated eyes postoperatively. Conclusions:Ab externo or ab interno transluminal trabeculotomy is safe and effective in the treatment of secondary glaucoma after PPV.