OBJECTIVETo evaluate the feasibility and safety of the modified urethral pull-through procedure for the treatment of posterior urethral stricture or atresia.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed 212 cases of posterior urethral stricture or atresia treated by the modified urethral pull-through procedure. The length of the stricture or atresia was 1.5 - 12 cm, and 66 cases had experienced 1 - 4 previous unsuccessful urethral repairs. Simple transperineal approach was adopted in 208 cases and transperineal-inferiorpubic approach in the other 4. And 15 of the patients underwent urethral construction with grafts.

RESULTSSatisfactory voiding was achieved in 198 (93.4%) of the patients, of whom 16 received 3 - 15 urethral dilations. Of the 14 cases that failed, 10 succeeded after a second and 2 after a third operation. Of the 15 cases that underwent substitution urethroplasty, 14 achieved satisfactory voiding, and only 1 needed repeat dilation. No serious complications were observed in any of the patients.

CONCLUSIONModified urethral pull-through procedure, with its advantages of safety, mini-invasiveness, simple operation and high success rate, is feasible for the treatment of posterior urethral stricture or atresia, while for that with the length >5 cm, substitution urethroplasty should be considered.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Urethra ; surgery ; Urethral Stricture ; surgery ; Urologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Young Adult

Purpose To investigate the expression of lipocalin-2 (LCN2) and plateled derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) in serum,carcinoma and bone metastases of lung cancer patients. Methods Protein chip were used to screen the differential expression of cytokines in serum of 19 lung cancer patients (9 patients with bone metastasis and 10 patients freedistant metastasis) . Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess the differential expression of LCN2 and PDGF-BB cytokines in 12 cases of primary lung cancer without distant metastasis and 12 cases of primary lung cancer with only bone metastasis. Results Serum level of lipid transport factor (LCN2) and PDGFBB in non-small cell lung cancer patients with bone metastasis were significantly higher than that without distant metastasis(P< 0. 05) . There was no difference cytokines between small cell lung cancer patients with bone metastasis and without metastasis group (P > 0. 05) . The results of immunohistochemistry showed that high expression of LCN2 and PDGF-BB in bone metastasis tissues was significantly higher than that in primary lung cancer tissues. Conclusions High expression of LCN2 and PDGF-BB in serum and bone metastasis tissue of patients with non-small cell lung cancer might be involved in the occurrence,development of bone metastasis of lung cancer in the bone marrow,may be an important biomarker and potential therapeutic target for bone metastasis of lung cancer.

OBJECTIVETo find an approach for trans-oral endoscopic thyroidectomy (TOET) and cervical lymphadenectomy using conventional endoscopic surgical instruments on frozen fresh cadavers.

METHODSSix frozen fresh cadavers were used in three groups of trans-oral trocar installation experiments: oral vestibule installation, sublingual region installation, and combined bi-vestibular and sublingual installation. TOET (with pretrachealis method to thyroid fixation removal) and cervical lymphadenectomy were performed experiments on another 6 frozen fresh cadavers using the best access approach found in the aforementioned experiments.

RESULTSIn oral vestibule trocar installations, the trocars caused large lacerated wound and damaged air tightness. In sublingual installations, only one trocar could be installed in the sublingual area because the space in sublingual area was limited. In combined bi-vestibular and sublingual installations, no gland, vessel or nerve was damaged. Combined bi-vestibular and sublingual access were selected as the surgical approach on the basic of analysis the merits of each approach. TOET and cervical lymphadenectomy in area III, IV, VI, VII were performed without making any accessory damage through combined bi-vestibular and sublingual access approach.

CONCLUSIONSTOET is feasible. Combined bi-vestibular and sublingual approach is available for TOET. Part of the cervical lymph nodes could be resected. Pretrachealis approach to thyroid fixation removal can still be used.

Adult ; Cadaver ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; methods ; Neck ; Thyroidectomy ; methods

Chaetocin is a natural metabolite product with various biological activities and pharmacological functions isolated from Chaetomium species fungi belonging to the thiodiketopyrazines. Numerous studies have demonstrated a wide range of antitumor activities of chaetocin in vitro and in vivo. Several studies have demonstrated that chaetocin sup?presses the growth and proliferation of various tumour cells by regulating multiple signalling pathways related to tumour initiation and progression, inducing cancer cell apoptosis (intrinsic and extrinsic), enhancing autophagy, inducing cell cycle arrest, as well as inhibiting tumour angiogenesis, invasion and migration. The antitumor effects and molecular mechanisms of chaetocin are reviewed and analysed in this paper, and the prospective applications of chaetocin in cancer prevention and therapy are also discussed. Our review provides the theoretical basis for exploiting the clinical applica?tion of chaetocin in cancer treatment.

BACKGROUND: Adipocytes in the tumor microenvironment may provide the metabolic fuel or signal transduction through media and other means to promote a variety of malignant proliferation and invasion, of tumor cells, but their role in lung cancer progression is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of adipocytes on lung cancer cell biology. METHODS: 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes were induced into mature adipocytes. The cell morphology was observed by microscopy and Oil Red O staining. MTT assay, colony formation assay, wound-healing and Transwell methods were used to detect lung cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion ability. The content of triglyceride in cells was determined by colorimetry. RESULTS: The morphology of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells became more slender after co-culture with mature adipocytes, and the proliferation and cloning ability were significantly enhanced (P<0.05). In addition, mature adipocytes can also promote the migration ability (P<0.05), invasion ability (P<0.01) and accumulation of intracellular lipid (P<0.05) of A549 cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that adipocytes in tumor microenvironment can promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells, which may be related to lipid metabolism.
A549 Cells ; Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Adenocarcinoma of Lung ; Adipocytes ; cytology ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Mice ; NIH 3T3 Cells ; Triglycerides ; metabolism ; Tumor Microenvironment