Background The ocular nerve of trigeminus is the sensation and nutrition nerve of cornea.Whether trigeminal neuralgia affect the function of ocular surface and the morphology of corneal nerve plexus or not is below understanding.Confocal microscope is a non-invasive method for in vivo corneal examination.Objective This study was to analyze the ocular surface findings and observe the morphology and density of corneal nerve under the confocal microscopy in patients with trigeminal neuralgia.Methods Thirty-three eyes of 33 patients with trigeminal neuralgia were collected from the Department of Pain Management in Henan Provincial People's Hospital.The corneal perceptual sensitivity was examined using corneal aesthesiometer,and the function of lacrimal secretion (Schiemer Ⅰtest),tear break-up time (BUT) were performed to evaluate the influence of trigeminal neuralgia on ocular surface.The change of corneal nerve was observed under the confocal microscopy.The fellow eyes served as controls.The informed consent was obtained from the subjects before any examination.Results The fiber length of corneal perceptual sensitivity was (54.348±6.793)mm and (55.217±6.480)mm in trigeminal neuralgia group and control group without a significant difference between them (t=0.641,P=0.528).No significant differences were found in the mean value of Schiemer Ⅰtest (9.390±6.583mm vs 9.300±5.295mm) and BUT result (6.09±4.177s vs 6.13±4.799s) between trigeminal neuralgia and control group(t=0.070,P=0.945;t=-0.085,P=0.933).The densities value of corneal subepithelial nerve plexus at the nasal,temporal,superior,inferior and central area was insignificantly changed between trigeminal neuralgia group and control group(P=0.840,0.459,0.268,0.120,0.607).Tenuous,bending and circling nerve fibers were seen in corneal stroma under the confocal microscope,while the nerve fibers were strict in controls.Conclusion Trigeminal neuralgia does not dramatically affect eye surface function and corneal subbasal nerve plexus density,but corneal nerve fibers with trigeminal neuralgia are more bending than normal people.

To establish an EDTA complexation extraction pretreatment combining with GFAAS method for the determination of residual aluminium ion in Huoxiang zhengqi pellets without digestive treatment, systematical investigation was made on sample preparation, and EDTA was used for the complexation extraction of residual aluminium ion in samples. The pH, concentration and volume of extraction solution, the temperature and time of microwave extraction, and graphite furnace temperature program were investigated. The results were compared with the microwave digestion. It was showed that, 0.1 g of sample weight was added in 20 mL 0.05 mol x L(-1) EDTA solution (pH 3.5), followed by heating at 150 degrees C for 10 min in the microwave extraction device. The determination of GFAAS was performed at optimized detection wavelength (257.4 nm) as well as graphite furnace temperature program, the detection limits and quantification limits were 2.37 μg x L(-1) and 7.89 μg x L(-1), respectively. The precision (RSD) was less than 2.3%. The average recovery was 96.9% -101%. The present method is easy, rapid and accurate for the determination of residual aluminium ion in Huoxiang zhengqi pellets.
Aluminum ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Drug Contamination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Edetic Acid ; chemistry ; Graphite ; chemistry ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; methods ; Temperature

AIM:To observe and compare clinical effects of coaxial 1. 8mm microincision phacoemulsification and 3. 2mm small incision phacoemulsification.
●METHODS:A total of 117 eyes of 85 patients with age-related cataract in our hospital were divided randomly into two groups:43 patients (59 eyes) in the coaxial 1. 8 mm microincision cataract surgery group ( C - MlCS ) , 42 patients (58 eyes) in the coaxial 3. 2 mm traditional small incision cataract surgery group (C-SlCS). A total of 117 eyes were received phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. Uncorrected visual acuity was recorded preoperatively and postoperatively at 1, 7, 30 and 90d. The effective phacoemulsification time and average ultrasound energy were recorded in surgery. Corneal endothelial cell and corneal topography were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively at 90 d.
●RESULTS:Uncorrected visual acuity ( logMAR) was no overall statistical significance difference between C-MlCS group and C-SlCS group (P>0. 05), but was significant statistical difference in different time-point within both groups(P<0. 05). Uncorrected visual acuity in different time-point had nothing to do with corneal wound size in cataract surgery(P>0. 05). On the 1 day after surgery, uncorrected visual acuity was 0. 16±0. 11 in C-MlCS group and 0. 22±0. 18 in C-SlCS group(P<0. 05). AVE was (7. 00± 2.72)% in C-MlCS group and (6. 16±3. 16)% in C-SlCS group (P>0. 05). EPT was (3. 09±1. 61)s in C-MlCS group and (3. 20±1. 92)s in C-SlCS group (P>0. 05). At 90 d after surgery, corneal endothelial cell loss percentage was (5. 81±2. 28)% in C-MlCS group and (5. 69±2. 38)% in C-SlCS group (P>0.05), SlA was (0.35±0.11) Din C-MlCS group and (0. 61±0. 13) D in C-SlCS group (P<0. 05).
● CONCLUSION: Compared with coaxial 3. 2mm traditional small incision cataract surgery, 1. 8mm coaxial microincision cataract surgery can get earlier visual rehabilitation and significantly reduce SlA. The coaxial 1. 8mm microincision cataract surgery is safe, effective and deserves further clinical applications.

The Ca²⁺-activated monovalent cation selective transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM4) channel expressed in pancreatic β-cells is implicated in the β-cell function and insulin secretion, but how pharmacological function of TRPM4 channel affects membrane excitability of β-cells remains largely unknown. Here, we report that pharmacological inhibition of TRPM4 by specific inhibitor 9-phenanthrol attenuates electrical activities of pancreatic β-cells. In whole-cell current clamp recordings, 9-phenanthrol results in inhibition of action potential frequency induced by tolbutamide of the INS-1 pancreatic β-cells in a dose-dependent manner with an IC₅₀ value of 14.99 ± 7.93 μmol·L^-1. Similarly, 9-phenanthrol also inhibited action potential firing in INS-1 cells stimulated by current injection. Further recordings of β-cells demonstrate the significant inhibitory effects on action potential peak and action potential amplitude by 9-phenanthrol. Taken together, our results show the involvement of TRPM4 channel function in pancreatic β-cells depolarization and action potential, it provides pharmacological experimental methods and theoretical support for the study of TRPM4 channel in pancreatic β-cells.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Diaphragm ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Respiratory Paralysis ; pathology ; therapy

Objective To investigate the role of APRIL in SW480 cell line.Methods The CRC model was established in the nude mice,all the mice were divided into 3 groups,the mice were separately treated with APRIL siRNA,pGC-vector and PBS solution.The APRIL mRNA was detected by RT-PCR and the APRIL protein was surveyed by the way of immunohis-tochemistry (IHC).The proteins of TIMP-3,Syndecan-1and MMP-9 also were assessed by IHC.Results ①Tumor mass in the group of nude mice injected with PBS (2.15±0.30 g)was significantly higher than the injection APRIL siRNA group (0.95±0.15 g,P<0.05),and was not statistically significant (P>0.05)compared with the injection of empty vector group (2.20±0.25 g).②APRIL mRNA/18S rRNA ratio (2.48±0.25)in the group of mice injected with PBS was signifi-cantly higher than the injection APRIL siRNA group (0.39±0.15,P<0.05),and was not statistically significant (P>0.05)compared with the injection of empty vector group (2.51±0.30).③SW480 cells injected with APRIL siRNA signifi-cantly inhibited invasion and metastasis.TIMP-3 Allred scores in three groups were 7.70±0.35,1.10±0.16 and 1.15± 0.12,Syndecan-1 protein was 7.80±0.30,1.05±0.20 and 1.10±0.22 MMP-9 protein was 1.20 ±0.10,8.00±0.25 and 8.20±0.20,respectively.Conlusion APRIL was closely connected with the growth and metabasis of CRC.

Objective To investigate the action and mechanism of NF-κB pathway in up-regulating B cell-activating factor receptor (BAFF-R) expression in multiple myeloma cells induced by IFN-γ.Methods Activated NF-κB were detected with Western blot, while the expression of BAFF-R were measured with RT-PCR and ELISA, and investigated the effect of BAY11-7082 on transcription of BAFF-R mRNA and translation of protein in multiple myeloma cells stimulated by IFN-γ. Results IFN-γ can induce the degradation of IκB-α in time-dependent and dosage-dependent manner, and up-regulated BAFF-R expression in multiple myeloma cells. BAY11-7082, an NF-κB inhibitor, inhibited not only the transcription of BAFF-R mRNA but also the protein of regulated by IFN-γin dosage-dependent manner. Conclusion NFκB may play an important role in high expression of BAFF-R in multiple myeloma cells induced by IFN-γ.

Objective To investigate the isokinetic strength of knee extensors and flexors in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), and to establish the correlation between the isokinetic strength and function in patients with KOA. Methods 23 patients with bilateral KOA and 14 matched normal controls finished the isokinetic test of knee extensors and flexors, the Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test (FTSST), Gait analysis, and Balance test. The KOA patients were evaluated with Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain and Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Results It was less of the peak torque, average peak torque, average power, max rep total work, total work of knee extensors and flexors in the mainly involved limbs than the contralateral limbs (P<0.05), and more of the hamstring/quadriceps peak torque (H/Q) percentage (P<0.05) in the patients. It was less of all the observed indicators of knee extensors and average power of knee flexors in the patients than in the normal controls (P<0.05), and was more of the H/Q percentage (P<0.05). The peak torque of knee extensors correlated with the results of FTSST, walking speed, walking distance, falling index, VAS, and WOMAC-pain (P<0.05), but the peak torque of knee flexors did not (P>0.05). Conclusion It is weak of the isokinetic strength of knee extensors and flexors in patients with KOA in the mainly involved limb, as well as the isokinetic strength of knee extensors compared with the normal controls. The changes in the extensors and flexors are not equivalent. The peak torque of knee extensors significantly correlated with the pain and functions of the knee.

Objective To retrospectively analyse the anterior and posterior surgical approaches in treatment of unstable burst thoracolumbar fractures and compare radiographic measurement parameters of beth surgical techniques so as to provide references for surgical treatment of such kind of fracture. Methods The study selected 41 patients with unstable thoracolumbar fracture treated with either anterior neurodecomprossion and fixation (n=19) or posterior reposition and internal fixation by pedicle screw (n=22) from January 2003 to December 2005. All patients were followed up for 24-48 months ( mean 38 months) and divided into anterior approach group and posterior approach group. Sagittal alignment was assessed by the Cobb angle depending on lateral radiographs. Results The Cobb angle of the anterior approach group was average 27.3°on admission but 3.1°postoperatively and 4.6° at follow-up; while the Cobb angle of posterior approach was average 26.1° on admission, 3.0°postoperatively and 12.5°at follow-up. There was no statistical difference between Cobb angle on admission and postoperative one (P>0.05) but showed significant differences between them at follow-up ( P<0.01). Conclusion The anterior surgical approach can consistently yield better maintenance of kyphotic correction compared with the posterior surgical approach.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and treatments of pituitary abscess.Method The clinical data of 6 patients with pituitary abscess were examed along with a review of the literature.Results Of 6 patients,headache was presented in 5 patients,hypopituitarism in 4 patients,visual disturbance and/or bitemporal hemianopsia in 4 patients and fever in 1 patient.MRI and CT images showed a cystic sellar lesion with ring enhancement in 5 patients.Preoperative diagnosis of pituitary abscess was made in 2 patients,pituitary adenomas in 3 patients and craniopharyngiomas in 1 patient.All cases were treated surgically by transsphenoidal approach in 5 patients and transscranial in 1 patient.Followed with postoperative antibiotics therapy for 3 weeks,the symptoms were improved postoperatively in all cases.Followed up 8 months to 10 years,1 patient who underwent craniotomy recurred and wag cured by via transsphenoidal surgery.Conclusions The pituitary abscess is easily misdiagnosed.The cystic pituitary lesion should be considered the possibility of pituitary abscess.Transsphenoidal surgery and proper perioperative antibiotics therapy are the keys to the treatment of pituitary abscess.