This study was aimed to investigate the effects of sodium valproate (VPA) on the proliferation and regulation of histone acetylation of multiple myeloma cell line U266. U266 cells were treated with VPA. Cell proliferation was determined by CCK-8 assay, and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). The expression level of HDAC1 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR, and the protein levels of HDAC1 and histone H3, H4 acetylation was detected by Western blot. The results showed that the VPA inhibited the proliferation of U266 cells in concentration-and time-dependent manners.After exposure to different concentrations of VPA for 48 hours, the proportion of G(0)/G(1) cells increased, while the proportion of S phase cells decreased. The cell cycle was arrested obviously in G(0)/G(1) phase (p < 0.05). The expression of HDAC1 mRNA was inhibited, and the protein level of HDAC1 was down-regulated, while the histone H3/H4 acetylation was up-regulated in U266 cells. It is concluded that the VPA can inhibit cell proliferation of U266 and induce G(0)/G(1) phase arrest. The increase of histone H3/H4 acetylation resulting from inhibiting HDAC1 by VPA might be considered as a possible mechanism.
Acetylation ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Histone Deacetylase 1 ; metabolism ; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Histones ; metabolism ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma ; metabolism ; Valproic Acid ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of postoperative transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and thymosin alpha(1) (T(alpha1)) treatment on recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

METHODSFrom Jan 2000 to Dec 2002, 57 patients with HCC were randomly divided into three groups: group A (n = 18) received hepatectomy plus postoperative TACE and T(alpha1), group B (n = 23) received hepatectomy plus postoperative TACE and group C (n = 16) received hepatectomy only. The recurrence rate, the time to tumor recurrence and the median survival for the three groups were investigated.

RESULTSFor group A, B and C, the 1 year recurrence rate was 83.3%, 87.0% and 87.5% (P = 0.926), respectively. The time to tumor recurrence was 7.0, 5.0 and 4.0 months (P = 0.039), respectively. The median survival was 10.0, 7.0 and 8.0 months (P = 0.002), respectively.

CONCLUSIONPostoperative TACE plus Talpha(1) treatment for HCC patients does not decrease the recurrence rate but may delay its occurrence and prolong surviving time.

Adjuvants, Immunologic ; administration & dosage ; Adult ; Aged ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; administration & dosage ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Carboplatin ; administration & dosage ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; surgery ; therapy ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Doxorubicin ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Iodized Oil ; administration & dosage ; Liver Neoplasms ; surgery ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mitomycin ; administration & dosage ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; prevention & control ; Postoperative Period ; Survival Rate ; Thymosin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives

OBJECTIVETo analyze the capacity of personal protection on poison emergency items in Chinese disease control and prevention institutes.

METHODSEvaluation analysis based on data obtained from investigating personal protection equipments and professional knowledge quizzing about personal protection in poisoning control of 57 different level centers for disease control and prevention selected from China by a multi-stage stratified sampling.

RESULTSAll 80.70% of the institutes possessed the protection equipments, provincial, municipal, county level institutes were 100.00%, 95.24%, 66.67%, respectively, with significant statistical difference (H = 7.94, P < 0.05). The average level of the type of individual protective equipments in disease control and prevention institutes was (5.42 +/- 4.00) kinds, the average points in category of provincial, municipal, county level institutes were (11.33 +/- 3.67), (6.52 +/- 3.16), (3.47 +/- 3.10) kinds, being statistically significant (F = 17.30, P < 0.05); type difference counts of disease control and prevention institutes in economic development, secondary, less-developed regions were (6.41 +/- 4.03), (3.55 +/- 3.35), (6.45 +/- 4.07) kinds, with statistical significance (F = 3.70, P < 0.05). Protection equipments chiefly possessed were latex gloves, gauze masks and C-protective clothing. Protective clothing and respiratory protective equipments were insufficient evidently. The average points in testing personal protection basic knowledge were (71.39 +/- 12.52) points; there were no differences between different institutes with different economic regions, levels, technical posts and title degrees.

CONCLUSIONCertain advances have been achieved in recent years in personal protection capacity of institutes for disease control and prevention, but far from the actual demands, and maybe no enough effective response on emergency occurred.

China ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; Poisoning ; prevention & control ; Protective Clothing

This study was purposed to investigate the synergistic effects of sodium valproate (VPA) and As2O3 on the proliferation of Molt-4 cells in vitro and its possible mechanisms. Cell viability and growth curve were assessed by the MTT assay. The synergistic activity in combination of 2 drugs was determined by the Q format. The expression levels of p15, DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT-1), DNMT3A and DNMT 3B mRNA were detected by RT-PCR and the methylation level was detected by hn-MSPCR. The results indicated that the VPA and As2O3 both inhibited proliferation of Molt-4 cells. The combination of two drugs showed an additive effect (values of Q were>or=0.85). The inhibitory rate in combination of 5 mmol/L of VPA with 10 micromol/L of As2O3 was (70.31+/-2.54)%. The p15 gene in Molt-4 cell line failed to express due to its hypermethylation. The level of p15 gene mRNA expression increased significantly after exposure to VPA in combination with As2O3 for 48 h. As compared with control group, the expression of DNMT-1 was down-regulated in a dose-dependent manner, whereas DNMT3A had no significant differences from the control. The level of expression of DNMT3B seemed to decrease at 10 mmol/L concentration. There were significant differences between the combination of the two drugs and the control group. The gray value of methylated bands decreased after the treatment of VPA alone and in combination with As2O3 in a dose-dependent manner. It is concluded that VPA induces demethylation of p15 INK4B gene by inhibiting the DNMT-1 and DNMT3B gene activities, which up-regulates the p15 gene, recovers its activity. The combination of VPA with As2O3 has the synergistic additive effect on the inhibition of cell viability, so that VPA can reduce the side effect of As2O3 on liver function, which would be verified in the clinical practice.
Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15 ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1 ; DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases ; metabolism ; DNA Methylation ; drug effects ; Drug Synergism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Oxides ; pharmacology ; Up-Regulation ; Valproic Acid ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the antagonistic efficacy of tetrandrine (TET) on lung injury induced by acute paraquat poisoning.

METHODSMale Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (control group, non-treatment group and treatment group). The tetrandrine of 30 mg/kg was given by gastric lavage six hours after 32 rats were intraperitoneally injected with paraquat 15 mg/kg (treatment group). Then the same dose of tetrandrine was given once a day. Normal saline of the same volume was given by gastric lavage in another 32 rats intraperitoneally injected with paraquat 15 mg/kg (non-treatment group). Seven rats were intraperitoneally injected by normal saline as the control group. Levels of maleic dialdehyde (MDA), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in plasma and the lung homogenate of three groups were determined at 3 d, 7 d, 14 d and 21 d after exposure to paraquat. Histological changes of the lungs were observed.

RESULTSThe levels of MDA at 3 d both in plasma [(3.65 +/- 0.44) nmol/ml] and the lung homogenate [(9.54 +/- 0.92) nmol/mg pro] of the non-treatment group significantly increased compared with the control group (P < 0.01), the activities of GSH-Px and SOD in plasma at 3 d were significantly less than the control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), the activities of GSH-Px (3 d, 7 d) and SOD (7 d, 14 d) in the lung homogenate were significantly less than the control group (P < 0.05). There were no significant difference in the levels of MDA both in plasma and the lung homogenate between the treatment group and the non-treatment group (P > 0.05). The SOD activities of treatment group on the third day was significantly increased compared with the non-treatment group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Although the activities of GSH-Px in plasma and the lung homogenate of the treatment group on the third day were increased, there was no significantly difference compared with the non-treatment group (P > 0.05). The integral score of pulmonary fibrosis in the treatment group were significantly lower than in the non-treatment group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONTET has antagonistic effect against acute toxicity of paraquat through significant reduction of pulmonary fibrosis.

Acute Disease ; Animals ; Benzylisoquinolines ; therapeutic use ; Disease Models, Animal ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lung Injury ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo review and investigate the optimal preoperative diagnostic means and treatment principles of hepatic angiomyolipoma (HAML).

METHODSThe clinical features, treatment, prognostic and follow-up data of 169 HAML patients treated between January 1992 and May 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. The median age of the patients, including 46 male and 123 female (male/female, 1/2.7), was 45 years (range, 17 - 73 years). The mean case history was 0.54 year with a range of 2 d to 16 years.

RESULTSAmong the 169 patients, 149 patients (88.2%) had a solitary tumor and 96 patients (56.8%) were detected in the right lobe. The overall preoperative diagnostic rate was 13.6% and 119 patients (70.4%) were misdiagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma or hepatic cavernous hemangioma. The diagnostic accuracy of MRI is higher than CT in distinguishing the nature of the tumor (χ² = 5.508, P = 0.019). One hundred and sixty-eight patients received surgical resection and one received percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy. One patient occurred postoperative hemorrhage and 3 patients developed hydrothorax. The postoperative mortality and recurrence for all the patients were 0. Postoperative pathology confirmed the diagnosis of hepatic angiomyolipoma. Follow-up study showed a benign course and no signs of recurrence.

CONCLUSIONSMRI is the main diagnostic means of HAML. Treatment strategies of HAML depends largely on tumor size, location and growth rate. Surgical management is suggested to patients with the following criteria: (1) tumor size greater than 5 cm; (2) with clinical symptoms; (3) faster tumor growth; (4) the tumor located at 1, 4, 5, 8 segments of liver.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Angiomyolipoma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of postoperative anti-viral therapy using lamivudine and thymosin alpha1 on recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) coexisting with active hepatitis B.

METHODSFrom Jan. 2000 to Dec. 2002, 33 HCC patients with coexisting with active hepatitis B were randomized into two groups: Group I (n = 17) received hepatectomy only, and Group II (n = 16) received hepatectomy and postoperative therapy using lamivudine plus thymosin alpha1. The suppression of HBV-DNA, HBeAg seroconversion rate, tumor recurrence rate and median survival in the two groups were observed and compared.

RESULTSIn Group II and Group I, the 1-year HBV-DNA suppression rate was 100.0% vs 6.0% (P < 0.01), HBeAg seroconversion rate was 62.5% vs 5.9% (P < 0.05), tumor recurrence rate was 81.3% vs 95.5% (P > 0.05), the recurrence time was 7.0 vs 5.0 months (P < 0.01) and median survival 10.0 vs 7.0 months (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONAnti-viral therapy using lamivudine and thymosin alpha1 postoperatively may suppress the HBV reaction, delay the recurrence and prolong the survival for patients with HCC with coexisting active hepatitis B.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; surgery ; therapy ; virology ; DNA, Viral ; drug effects ; Female ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Hepatitis B ; genetics ; therapy ; Humans ; Lamivudine ; therapeutic use ; Liver Neoplasms ; surgery ; therapy ; virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; prevention & control ; Postoperative Period ; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Survival Rate ; Thymosin ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use

Objective To investigate the changing curve of mean lung density (MLD)in normal preschool children based on CT quantitative measurement.Methods Chest CT data of 409 preschool children were reviewed retrospectively from the "digital lung"database.A computerized algorithm based on the "digital lung"was applied to all examinations in a batch manner.The MLD values of total lung,right lung,left lung and each lobe were obtained automatically.Results There was no correlation between the gender and MLD,however a moderately negative correlation was found between the age of month and MLD (P＜0.05).No significant difference of MLD was found between genders of the same age of month group,except in left lower lobe of 49-60 months of age (P=0.043). The MLD was decreased gradually with age (P＜0.05).Conclusion There is not a statistical difference in MLD between the preschool boys and preschool girls of the same age of month.With the growth of preschool children,the MLD is gradually decreased.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the expression level of PLK1 in mantle cell lymphoma(MCL), and the effect of silencing PLK1 gene by RNA interference on the cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle. METHODS: S-P immunohistochemistry technique was used to detect the expression of PLK1 in tissues of 42 patients with MCL and 30 patients with reactive proliferative lymphodenitis(RPL), their expression levels were compared and analyzed. The Jeko-1 cells were transfected with lentivirus contaiming PLK-1 shRNA, then the mRNA and protein expression of PLK-1 was detected by real-time guantitative PCR and Western blot nespectively, and the silencing efficacy of PLK-1 shRNA was identificd. The cell proliferation was detected by CCK method, the cell apoptosis was detected by Annexin V/PI double staining, the cell cycle was detected by PI single staining, the changes of apoptosis-related proteins BAX, BCL-2 and Caspase 3 were detected by Western blot. RESULTS: The positive expression rate of PLK-1 in tissue of MCL patients was 66.67%(28/42), which was significanfly higher than 20%(6/30) in tissue of RPL patients (P＜0.05). The PLK-1 positive expression correlated with B symptom, IPI score, Ann-Arbor stage(P＜0.05). After infection of Jeko-1 cells with lentivirus containing PLK-1 shRNA for 72 hours, the mRNA and protein expressions of PLK-1 were significantly down-regulated(P＜0.05), the proliferation rate of cells in group of PLK-1 shRNA was significanly lower than that in control and Neg shRNA groups(P＜0.05); the apoptosis rate of cells in PLK-1 shRNA group was (27.42±3.44)%, which was significantly higher than that in control group (1.23±0.42)% and Neg shRNA group (2.07±0.58) % (P＜0.05). The cell cycle analysis showed that the cell ratio in G/M phase of PLK-1 shRNA group was (27.21±3.59) %, which was higher than that in control group (13.28±2.63)% and Neg shRNA group (14.34±2.37) %. The detection of apoptosis-related proteins showed that the expression of BAX was up-regulated, the expression of BCL-2 was down-regnlated and the expression of caspase 3 was up-regulated. CONCLUSION The PLK-l overexpression appears in tissue of MCL patients. The silencing PLK-1 gene can inhibit the proliferation of Jeko-1 cells, induce the apopotosis of Jeko-1 cells and arrestes cell cycle in G/M phase.
Apoptosis ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell ; genetics ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; genetics ; RNA, Small Interfering

Objective:To investigate the development of intrapulmonary vascular volume (IPVV) in normal preschool children based on quantitative measurement on chest CT.Methods:The CT data of 407 normal preschool children (236 males and 171 females, aged 1-72 months, with a median of 36 months) who underwent chest CT examination from January 2014 to May 2017 in the "Digital Lung" imaging database were retrospectively collected. The pulmonary vessels were segmented by the "Digital Lung" automatic detection tool, and the IPVV of the whole lung, the right lung, the left lung and each lobe were obtained, and the IPVV upper/lower and IPVV left/right were calculated. According to the age, the subjects were divided into infant period (0-12 months), early childhood period (13-36 months) and preschool period (37-72 months), with 30 cases (17 males and 13 females), 175 cases (95 males and 80 females) and 202 cases (124 males and 78 females) respectively. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between IPVV and month age. One-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare the differences of IPVV, IPVV upper/lower and IPVV left/right between different months of age. Independent sample t test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the differences of IPVV between different genders, and the normal reference range of IPVV in normal preschool children of different months of age was established. Results:The IPVV of the whole lung, right lung, left lung and each lung lobe were positively correlated with age, the correlation coefficient was 0. 638-0.820 in males and 0. 683-0.791 in females (all P<0.001). There was no significant difference in IPVV of whole lung, right lung, left lung and each lobe between male and female from 0 to 12 months (all P>0.05), but there was significant difference in IPVV of whole lung, right lung, left lung and each lobe between male and female from 13 to 36 months (all P<0.05). There were significant differences in IPVV of the whole lung, right lung, left lung and upper lobe of both lungs between boys and girls from 37 to 72 months (all P<0.05). IPVV upper/lower in the right lung (χ 2=14.00, 12.87, P=0.001, 0.002) and IPVV upper/lower in the left lung (χ 2=6.65, 22.84, P=0.036,<0.001) were significantly different in both boys and girls among 3 months of age. And with the increase of age, it showed a decreasing trend. There was no significant difference in IPVV upper/lower between boys and girls at the same age (all P>0.05).There was no significant difference in IPVV left/right among different months and between different sexes (all P>0.05). Finally, the normal reference value range of IPVV of different genders in infancy, early childhood and preschool age was calculated. Conclusions:The increase of pulmonary vessels in normal preschool children is positively correlated with age. There is no significant difference in IPVV between boys and girls in infant period, but IPVV in boys is larger than that in girls in early childhood period and preschool period. IPVV in the lower lung increased faster than that in the upper lung, but there was no significant difference between the left and right lungs.