Hepatitis, Viral, Human ; pathology ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; pathology ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Loss of Heterozygosity ; Microsatellite Instability ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

While the medicine pattern of biomedicine turn to biological-psychology-society, the medical trouble communication becomes more and more important in the medical service. Good medical trouble communication ability is the essential condition of doctor. As oral cavity clinicians, only by gasping the principle of communication can we appropriately utilize some skills of communication exchange,establish the good medical trouble relations with the patient and achieve the good treatment result finally.

A fast and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of prodrug of paclitaxel (Pro-PTX) and paclitaxel (PTX) in rat plasma was developed. The plasma samples were subjected to protein precipitation with acetonitrile (0.1% formic acid), and then separated by LC with an Ultimate AQ-C18 column (50 mm × 3.0 mm, 3 μm) and acetonitrile-1 mmol·L^-1 ammonium formate (containing 0.1% formic acid) as the mobile phase. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) scanning mode was used to detect the ion responses m/z 983.4→415.2 (Pro-PTX), m/z 854.4→286.1 (PTX) and m/z 808.3→527.2 (Docetaxel, internal standard) by using a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer with electrospray ionization source and positive ion mode. The method validation results show that the linear ranges of Pro-PTX and PTX in plasma were 2.00-500 ng·mL^-1 (r > 0.99) and 4.00-1 000 ng·mL^-1 (r > 0.99), the lower limit of quantification was 2.00 ng·mL^-1 and 4.00 ng·mL^-1, respectively; the quality control samples with low, medium and high concentrations of Pro-PTX and PTX were within the batch, the relative standard deviation (RSD) between batches were all less than 9%; the relative deviation (RE) was within the range of ± 9%; In the stability test, both Pro-PTX and PTX in plasma were stable under various storage conditions. The method was sensitive, specific, and reproducible, and was suitable for the pharmacokinetic study of Pro-PTX in rats. Animal experiments were approved by the Ethics Committee of Laboratory Animal Management and Animal Welfare, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No.: 00003552).

The history of biomaterials research is seriously surveyed. It is found that an immutable way of thinking for developing biomaterials is rooted deeply in Western medicine and biology. It is necessary to modify or change the current status of thinking. In this paper, the author presents an idea to research and develop biomaterials via a combined way of thinking, i.e., combining together the wisdom and knowledge of Western medicine, Chinese medicine, and other disciplines.
Biocompatible Materials ; pharmacology ; Biomimetics ; methods ; Humans ; Thinking

4-Hydroxycoumarins ; urine ; Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Ginseng saponins are a type of important active substances in the ginseng genus plants. They have notable pharmacological activities of antineoplastic, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective activities, which have been drawn more attention to obtain minor ginsenosides by all kinds of methods. In this review, we discussed the latest progress for enrichment of minor ginsenosides by biological transformation of major ginsenosides. At the same time, we have a brief outlook of the research at bioconversion of ginseng saponins.
Bacteria ; metabolism ; Biotransformation ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Ginsenosides ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Panax ; chemistry ; metabolism

Cancer is the most important leading cause of death worldwide, with about 10 million deaths caused by cancer in 2020. In situ gel drug delivery systems have attracted much attention in the field of pharmacy and biotechnology due to their good histo-compatibility, excellent injectability, high drug delivery capacity, slow-release drug delivery, and less influence by the in vivo environment. Meanwhile, in situ gel can be combined with chemotherapy, photo-thermal therapy, chemokinetic therapy, immunotherapy and so on to deliver drugs into the tumor site in a less invasive way without surgical operation, forming a semi-solid gel reservoir in the tumor site to realize in situ tumor combined therapy. In this paper, the author summarized the research progress of anti-tumor in situ gel delivery system in the past 10 years, introduced its commonly used polymer materials, classification principles and specific application examples, and finally summarized and discussed the key issues, in order to provide reference for the development of new anti-tumor drug delivery system in the future.

Brain delivery of drugs remains challenging due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). With advances in nanotechnology and biotechnology, new possibilities for brain-targeted drug delivery have emerged. Biomimetic nano drug delivery systems with high brain-targeting and BBB-penetrating capabilities, along with good biocompatibility and safety, can enable 'invisible' drug delivery. In this review, five different types of biomimetic strategies are presented and their research progress in central nervous system disorders is reviewed. Finally, the challenges and future prospects for biomimetic nano drug delivery systems in intracerebral drug delivery are summarized.

Animals ; Chlorine Compounds ; toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; biosynthesis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo detect the histological changes and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in junctional epithelialization of dental implants.

METHODSThe junctional epithelium was detected by HE staining and the PCNA expression was observed by immunohistochemical staining on the st, 3rd, 6th, 9th, 12th, 15th, 20th and 30th day after implantation in Beagle dogs.

RESULTSThe junctional epithelium began to form and PCNA was expressed positively 12 days after implantation. The epithelial hyperplasia tended to stabilization and the expression of PCNA weakened drastically 15 days after implantation. The epithelial attachment showed to be similar to that of natural teeth 20 days later.

CONCLUSIONThe gingiva epithelium can attach to titanium implants forming junctional epithelium which is similar to the natural teeth.

Animals ; Dental Implantation ; Dental Implants ; Dogs ; Epithelial Attachment ; Female ; Male ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; biosynthesis ; Titanium