Objective To identify anatomical characteristics of neurovascular compression associated with trigeminal newralgia(TN).Methods Fifty patients with TN (23 of 50 patients underwent microvascular decompression) and 50 patients without facial pain underwent 3.0 T MRI scanning for analysis of 50 trigeminal nerves ipsilaterai to TN symptoms,50 contralateral to TN symptoms,and 100 in asymptomatic patients.MRI sequences included balanced fast-field echo and 3D MR angiography.Images were fused and reconstructed into virtual cisternoscopy images to determine the degree (severity of compression was defined as follows:1=no compression; 2 =compressed by a vein; 3 =contacted by an artery; 4 =indented by an artery; and 5 =nerve displaced or distorted by an artery) and site of neurovascular compression ( the point of each offending vascular structure:proximal was defined as located in 1/3 length of the cisternal segment of the trigeminal nerve near root entry zone; the place of superior was defined as above the cisternal segment of the trigeminal nerve).Reconstructed MPR images were used to measure nerve length and cross sectional area.The chi-square test was used for all 2 × 2 contingency tables.The t-test was used for dependent samples.The Logistic regression was used for prediction of occurrence of the event of TN.Results Twenty-three of 50 patients with TN underwent microvascular decompression,which confirmed predicted neurovascular relationships in all cases,and 21of 23 patients were pain free after the operation.The incidence of neurovascular compression on asymptomatic nerves ( no.of level 1=79,level 2 =5,level 3 =8,level 4 =8),on nerves contralateral to TN symptoms( no.of level 1=27,level 2 =6,level 3 =9,level 4 =8),and on nerves ipsilateral to TN symptoms(no.of level 1=4,level 2 =12,level 3 =12,level 4 =7,level 5 =15) was 21.0％ (21/100),46.0％ (23/50),and 92.0％ (46/50),respectively.The difference between symptomatic and asymptomatic nerves was significant regarding nerve distortion ( level 4 and 5,x2 =27.0,P ＜ 0.01),the point of compression ( no.of proximal of symptomatic nerves =32,not proximal of symptomatic nerves =14,proximal of asymptomatic nerves =4,not proximal of asymptomatic nerves =17,x2 =14.8,P ＜ 0.01),the place of vascular compression ( no.of superior of symptomatic nerves =36,not superior of symptomatic nerves =10,superior of asymptomatic nerves =5,not superior of asymptomatic nerves =16,x2 =18.0,P ＜0.01) and the mean cross-sectional area of the CPA cistern [ ipsilateral:( 183.9 + 52.5 ) mm2,contralateral:( 217.8 + 58.8 )mm2,t =- 3.04,P ＜ 0.01].Decreased nerve size was observed in patients with TN [ the section area of ipsilateral nerve ( 6.3 ±1.3) mm2,contralateral (7.7+1.6) mm2,t =-4.80,P ＜0.01; length of ipsilateral nerve:(8.0 ±1.9) mm,contralateral:(9.0 + 2.0) mm,t =- 2.64,P ＜ 0.05 ].Conclusions Trigeminal neurovascular compression can occur in asymptomatic patients,but is more severe,more proximal,more superior and with smaller size of cross-sectional area of the CPA cistern in patients with TN.This information may help identify patients who are likely to benefit from microvascular decompression.

Autopsy ; Female ; Humans ; Reye Syndrome ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Guishen Pill (GSP) on expression levels of Oct-4, MVH, and Egr-1 in mice with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR).

METHODSTotally 40 female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, the normal control group, the model group, the GSP group, and the dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) group, 10 in each group. Pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), and prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) were sequentially administrated to produce superovulation. The DOR model was established by exposing to ozone inhalation. Mice in the GSP group were intragastrically administered with GSP at 0.3 mL. Those in the DHEA group were intragastrically administered with DHEA at 0.3 mL. Equal volume of normal saline was intragastrically administered to mice in the normal control group and the model group. All mice wer treated for 21 days. Serum levels of estrogen (E2), progestogen (P), and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) were measured by ELISA. Changes of Oct-4, anti-AMH, and early growth response gene-1 (Egr-1) mRNA in ovaries were dtected by Real-time PCR.

RESULTSCompared with the model group, serum levels of E2, P, and AMH, as well as contents of estrogen receptor (ER), progestogen receptor (PR), MVH, and Oct-4 mRNA significantly increased in the GSP group and the DHEA group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONGSP could improve expression levels of Oct-4, MVH, and Egr-1 mRNA in DOR mice and their ovarian function.

Animals ; Anti-Mullerian Hormone ; metabolism ; Dehydroepiandrosterone ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Early Growth Response Protein 1 ; metabolism ; Estrogens ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Octamer Transcription Factor-3 ; metabolism ; Ovarian Reserve ; Ovary ; Pregnancy ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Superovulation

Autopsy ; Coxsackievirus Infections ; Enterovirus ; isolation & purification ; Enterovirus B, Human ; isolation & purification ; Enterovirus Infections ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; pathology ; virology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical characteristics of triceps brachii tendon rupture at olecranon ending.

METHODSFrom June 2005 to November 2011,19 patients with triceps brachii tendon rupture at olecranon ending were treated with surgical technique. Among the 19 patients, 7 patients were male, with an average age of 24.1 years old (ranged, 15 to 41 years old); 12 patients were female, with an average age of 51.4 years old (ranged, 16 to 73 years old). Eight patients had injuries in the left elbows, and 11 patients had injuries in right elbows. Seventeen patients had injuries induced by walking fall and 2 patients had injuries induced by falling down. Thirteen patients were simple triceps brachii tendon rupture at olecranon ending, 6 patients were associated with other elbow injuries. Five patients were associated with radial fracture; 1 patient with capitellum fracture; 1 patient with coronoid process fracture; 1 patient with epitrochlear. All the lateral radiographs of the injuried elbow demenstrated the flecks of avulsed osseous material from the olecranon (flake sign). The associated injuries had the homologus presence. All the patients were treated with surgical techniques:15 patients were treated with figure-of-eight tension-band wire; figure-of-eight tension band wire and Kirschner wire in 1 patient; wire cerclage in 1 patient; nonabsorbable suture in 2 patients. The associated injuries were treated simultaneously. Plaster was applied after operation in 2 patients with heavier elbow associated injuries, other patients without any external fixation. The Mayo elbow score were observed to determinate the function of the elbow.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up, 1 patient died of other disease at one year after operation, the other 18 patients were followed up with an average of 47.9 months (ranged from 14 to 91 months). According to the Mayo elbow score, 16 patients got an excellent result and 2 good.

CONCLUSIONTraumatic rupture of triceps brachii tendon at olecranon ending is not a rare injury, which is common in female older than fifty and in male younger then thirty. Surgical results are generally excellent. But dysfunction frequently remains in patients with associated elbow injuries.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Olecranon Process ; injuries ; Rupture ; Tendon Injuries ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo study the incidence of injuries among residents living in the communities in Zhejiang.

METHODSA household questionnaire survey was conducted to 16 899 residents in four communities.

RESULTSThe incidence of injuries was 16.11% in total, higher in urban area than in rural area and higher in men than in women. The leading causes of injuries were falls (4.80%), knife-cutting or by sharp articles (3.86%), traffic accident (2.07%), collision (1.99%), scalds (1.13%) and animal bites (1.06%). Peak incidence of age group was different in different injuries, such as traffic accident was high in 45 - 60 age group and falls was high in 5 and 60 age group. Direct economic loss for each case with injury would cost 324.21 RMB yuan.

CONCLUSIONInjury was common and frequently occurred among residents at the community level which seriously on danger their health and families.

Accidental Falls ; statistics & numerical data ; Accidents, Traffic ; statistics & numerical data ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Bites and Stings ; epidemiology ; Burns ; epidemiology ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Community Health Services ; Dogs ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Wounds and Injuries ; epidemiology ; mortality

Objective To construct recombinant adeno-associated virus and lentivirus carrying siRNA of TIMP-1 and to investigate the efficiency of infection and short-term inhibitory effect of TIMP-1 gene expres-sion on rat hepatic stellate cells. Methods One pair of siRNA which could effectively inhibit expression of the TIMP-1 gene in HSC-T6 was screened and cloned into AAV vector and lentiviral vector to construct the recombinant AAV/siRNA-TIMP-1/GFP and Lenti/siRNA-TIMP-1/GFP. AAV/GFP and Lenti/GFP as neg-ative control were also obtained. Experiments were assigned to five groups: AAV/siRNA-TIMP-1/GFP, AAV/GFP, Lenti/siRNA-TIMP-1/GFP, Lenti/GFP group and mock group. Rat HSC-T6 cells were infected by these recombinant viruses at a concentration of MOI by 10. To monitor the efficiency of infection, fluores-cence microscope and flow cytometer were used. After 7 d post-infection, Western blot was used to detect the TIMP-1 protein expression. Results HSC-T6 had no significant changes after infection. The efficiency of infection in AAV/GFP and Lenti/GFP group were 72.7% and 70.0%, AAV/siRNA-TIMP-1/GFP and Lenti/siRNA-TIMP-1/GFP group were 64.58% and 61.86%. The protein expression levels of TIMP-1 in HSC-T6 cells at 7 d post-infection by the recombinant AAV and Lentivirus were decreased 40.0% compared with those in mock control and normal HSC-T6 (P<0.05). Conclusion Recombinant AAV/siRNA-TIMP-1/GFP and Lenti/siRNA-TIMP-1/GFP could effectively infect HSC-T6 with similar efficiency and suppress the expression of TIMP-1 in rat HSC-T6 remarkably.

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression of Cysleine-rich 61(Cyr61) gene in the different subtypes of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), and the significance of Cyr61 in the genesis progression, and transformation of MDS and the relationship between Cyr61 and vascular endothelial grown factor (VEGF).

METHODSReverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemical S-P were used to detect mRNA and protein expressions of Cyr61 and VEGF in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) from 28 MDS, 12 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, and 10 normal volunteers.

RESULTSExpressions of Cyr61 and VEGF were higher in MDS and AML patients than in controls (P < 0.05). The expressions of Cyr61 and VEGF were significantly higher in high risk group (0.3998 +/- 0.2647, 0.4775 +/- 0.1342) than that in low risk MDS group (0.2213 +/- 0.1465, 0.2872 +/- 0.2341) (P < 0.05), but no significant difference between high risk MDS and AML patients. Expressions of Cyr61 and VEGF protein were higher in MDS patients than in normal controls (P < 0.05), and were significantly higher in high risk MDS group \[(38.7 +/- 2.9)%, (43.2 +/- 2.7)%\] than in low risk group \[(31.4 +/- 3.1)%, (33.5 +/- 3.4)%\] (P < 0.05). Expressions of Cyr61 and VEGF were significantly correlated (r = 0.8762, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONCyr61 and VEGF may play a role in the angiogenesis and pathogenesis of MDS.

Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; Cysteine ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

This meta-analysis was carried out to evaluate the relationship between NM23 expression and the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer.We searched PubMed,EMBASE and Web of Science for relevant articles.The pooled odd ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95％CI were calculated to evaluate the prognostic value of NM23 expression in patients with colorectal cancer,and the association between NM23 expression and clinicopathological factors.In total,2289 patients were pooled from 24 available studies.The incorporative OR combined by 16 studies with overall survival showed that high NM23 expression was associated with better overall survival (OR=0.67,95％CI:0.49-0.93,P=0.02,I2=56％,Ph=0.004).And a new estimate without heterogeneity was produced when only combining high-quality studies (OR=0.70,95％CI:0.56-0.86,P=0.0007,I2=46％).In disease free survival (DFS),we also obtained a good prognosis (OR=0.30,95％CI:0.14-0.68,P=0.004).Although we failed to find any significance in N status (P=0.10),elevated NM23 expression was related to well tumor differentiation (OR=0.60,95％CI:0.44-0.820,P=0.001) and Dukes' A&B (OR=0.55,95％CI:0.32-0.95,P=0.03).These results indicated that over-expressed NM23 might be an indicator of good prognosis,well tumor differentiation and Dukes' A&B of patients with colorectal cancer,but no significance was found in N status.

Background Infective keratopathy is a key cause of corneal blindness in China,and fungal keratitis is proved to have a higher incidence and bigger threats in infective keratitis.Researches showed that topical immunology plays an important effect during the development of fungal keratitis,but its mechanism is still studying.Objective This experiment was to explore the critical immunocyte during the process of fungal keratitis.Methods Forty-eight SPF 12-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were included and randomized into the control group and model group.The fungal keratitis model closely mimicking human cornea infections was established in the mouse using scratch followed by incubation of fusarium solani on the cornea,and the mice in the control group scratched on the cornea only.Cornea was examined under the slit lamp at 0,6,9,12,24,72 and 120 hours after operation.The severity of keratomycosis was clinically scored based on the literature criteria.The inflammatory cells were identified using immnofluorescence label,and the number of the inflammatory cells was calculated and compared among different groups and time points.This study complied with the Statement of ARVO in the use of experimental animal.Both Experimental Animal Ethic Commission in Zhengzhou University and Life Science Management Commission approved this study proposal.Results After inoculation of fusarium solani,typical fungul keratitis signs were seen on the cornea.Severe corneal opacifieation occurred within 24 hours and peaked at 72 hours.However,only mild edema of cornea was exhibited and gradually recovered normal in the control group within 24 hours.The clinical score of inflammation was higher in the model group in various time points than that in the control group,and it was seen that 24-72 hours after operation,the score attached peak in the model group with a significant difference in comparison with the control group(P＜0.01).In 9,12,24,72 and 120 hours after operation,the number of neutrophil cells was significantly increased in the model group compared with control group (P＜0.05),and that in 12,24,72 hours after operation was significantly higher than the 6 hours(P=0.004,0.000,0.001).However,no significant differences were seen in the number of neutrophil cells between 9 or 120 hours and 6 hours after operation(P=0.772,0.323).The number of T lymphocytes in cornea was significantly increased in 72 and 120 hours in comparison with 6 hours in the model group(P=0.000,0.000),and from 72 to 120 hours after operation,the number of T lymphocytes was significantly higher than that of the contral group (P＜0.01).The neutrophil cell number was positive correlated with the inflammatory score in the early phase (r =0.593,P =0.000).T limphocyte emerged in late phase but no significant correlation with the clinical score (r＝0.315,P=0.062).Conclusions Neutrophil cells play a critical role in the development of fungal keratitis in early stage.