Unlike conventional radiation therapy, stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT) is an emerging tumor-ablative radiation technology with a high-dose delivery to targets while dramatically sparing adjacent normal tissues. The strengths of SRT involve noninvasive and short-course treatment, high rates of tumor local control with a low risk of side effects. Although the scientific concepts of radiobiology fail to be totally understood currently, SRT has shown its potential and advantages against various tumors, especially for those adjacent to less tolerable normal organs (spinal cord, optic nerve, bowels, etc.). Nowadays, the clinical efficacy of SRT has been widely confirmed in certain patients, especially for those medically inoperable, unwilling to undergo surgery, medicine ineffective with tumor progression. Moreover, SRT could be properly used as palliative treatment aiming at relieving local symptoms and pain, and eventually achieving a potential survival benefit of several months. However, the weaknesses of SRT relate to inevitable radiation-induced toxicities as well as the inaccessibility of prophylactic irradiation. In general, one flaw cannot obscure the splendor of the jade. The emergence and development of SRT has opened the new era of precision radiation therapy, and SRT will probably step gloriously onto the remarkable stage for precision medicine.
Humans ; Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Precision Medicine ; Radiosurgery

Objective The clinical and endoscopic characteristics of ischemic colitis (IC) were retrospectively reviewed. Methods 23 aged patients with IC were included; their symptoms,signs,laboratory findings and endoscopic appearances analysed. Results IC occurred most frequently in mid-aged and elders with predominant presentations as acute onset of lower abdominal pains and bloody stools.Endoscopic lesions located mainly in left colon with segmental distribution.Mucosal edema,erosion and submucosal bleeding were common pathological features.Most lesions (91％ ) looked to be nongangrenous, transient and reversible.Only 9 percent of cases turned into chronic stage. Conclusion IC should be suspected in all eldly patients with acute onset of lower abdominal pain and bloody stools.Early colonoscopy is of diagnostic significance.

Based on the realistic circumstances at home and successful experiences from abroad,this paper holds the idea to introduce medical liability insurance into medical market to relieve the currently tense physician-patient conflict and analyzes the role and function of medical liability insurance.Meanwhile,some problems and countermeasures are also explained in the functioning process of medical liability insurance.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of transendoscopic Doppler ultrasonogra-phy in various gastrointestinal diseases. Methods Transendoscopic Doppler ultrasonography was performed in 59 patients with various gastrointestinal diseases. Results The Doppler signals were detected beneath the peptic ulcer base in 29 of 39 patients (74. 4% ) . For acute ulcer bleeding and non - bleeding, the Doppler - positive rates were 87. 5% and 65. 2% , respectively, and the measured depth of vessels were 0. 49 mm and 0. 65mm (P

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of reboxetine and citalopram in treating retardant depression.Methods A total of 59 patients with retardant depression were randomly divided into reboxetine group(n=29)and citalopram group(n=30)for the treatment of 6 weeks.The patients were assessed with the Hamilton depression scale(HAMD)and treatment emergent symptom scale(TESS).Results At the end of 6 weeks,the total scores of HAMD in reboxetine(18.48±6.38)group and citalopram(11.60±4.46)group both significantly decreased(P＜0.001).Between two groups,the efficacy(82.8% and 56.7%)had significant differences(P＜0.05)but side effects had no statistical significance.Conclusion Reboxetine has significant curative efficacy,milder adverse effects and higher safety for treating patients with retardant depression.

Objective To approach the design and clinical application of large anterolateral thigh flap and its effect in wound repair.Methods The flaps were designed according to the anatomical features of perforating branches in the anterolateral thigh flaps.When a flap was chipped,a thick branch or a terminal branch of original vessel was reserved,another suitable perforating branch was selected in the proximal or distal end of the flap,and then the two vessels were anastomosed to enlarge the range of blood supply.If the vessel pedicle of a flap was a musculocutaneous perforating branch,the perforating branch of anastomosis was cut at out-point of muscle.If the vessel pedicle of a flap was a intermusclar branch or a direct skin artery,the perforating branch of anastomosis was cut widely.From May 2006 to May 2012,the technique was applied in 28 patients with large skin defect of limbs.The diameters of perforating branches obtained at out-point of muscles were measured during surgery.The survival of flaps was observed after surgery and complications in donor sites were checked during follow-ups.Results There were 18 flaps whose vessel pedicle were musculocutaneous perforating branches.The branches were cut at outpoint of muscles.The diameters of these vessels were measured during surgery.They ranged from 1.3 mm to 1.8 mm with an average of 1.45 mm.All of the vessels could be anastomosed.All 28 flaps survived.All flaps survived.The areas of the flaps ranged from 22 cm × 15 cm to 42 cm × 14 cm.Artery crisis happened in 2 flaps whose vessel pedicle were musculocutaneous perforating branches.The second look operation found that the areas of artery anastomosis of perforating branches and vessel pedicles were compressed by hematoma and thrombus formed.The 2 flaps survived after the hematoma was cleared away and the vessels were reanastomosed.There were no infections.Both the donor and recipient site healed by first intention with no necrosis of flap margin.All 28 patients were followed up by 4-13 months with an average of 8 months.There were no apparent collapse deformities,muscle necrosis,declines of muscle strength and muscle hernia in the donor sites.The appearance of flaps was flat,the color was close to normal and the quality was fine.Conclusion It is a safe and effective method to repair wound surface by large anaterolateral thigh flap obtained by the modus operandi of perforating branch anastomosis.

This study is to investigate the inhibitory effect and mechanism of prosapogenin A (PSA) on MCF7. MTT assay was performed to determine the inhibitory effect of PSA on MCF7 cells. PI/Hoechst 33342 double staining was used to detect cell apoptosis. RT-PCR was used to test the mRNA levels of STAT3, GLUT1, HK and PFKL. Western blotting was performed to determine the expression of STAT3 and pSTAT3 protein in MCF7 cells. The results showed that PSA could dose-dependently inhibit cell growth of MCF7 followed by IC50 of 9.65 micrmol x L(-1) and promote cell apoptosis of MCF7. Reduced mRNA levels of STAT3, HK and PFKL were observed in MCF7 cells treated with 5 micromol x L(-1) of PSA. PSA also decreased the level of pSTAT3 protein. STAT3 siRNA caused decrease of mRNA of GLUT1, HK and PFKL which indicated STAT3 could regulate the expressions of GLUT1, HK and PFKL. The results suggested that PSA could inhibit cell growth and promote cell apoptosis of MCF7 via inhibition of STAT3 and glycometabolism-related gene.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Zhenqing Recipe (ZQR) on non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), and the expression of hepatic salt-inducible kinase 1 (SIK1) and sterol-regulatory element binding protein-ic (SREBP-lc) in type 2 diabetes rats.

METHODSA rat model of type 2 diabetes was established by high fat/sucrose diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of small dose streptozotocin (STZ) . Modeled rats were randomly divided into the model group, the ZQR group, and the metformin group, 8 in each group. Eight rats were recruited as a normal control group. ZQR at the daily dose of 12 g crude drugs/kg was administered to rats in the ZQR group by gastrogavage. Metformin suspension at the daily dose of 150 mg/kg was administered to rats in the metformin group by gastrogavage. Equal volume of distilled water was administered to rats in the normal control group and the model group. All medication lasted for 12 weeks. The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), free fatty acid (FFA), serum triglyceride (TG), serum total cholesterol (TC), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were detected. The body weight and wet liver weight were weighed, and the liver weight index calculated. The liver TG content was measured. The pathological changes of liver and the expression of SIK1 were observed by HE staining and immunohistochemistry. The mRNA and protein expression of SIK1 and SREBP-1c were detected using RT-PCR and Western blot.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, FBG, FFA, TG, TC, ALT, AST, liver weight index, and liver TG contents significantly increased (P < 0.01); liver steatosis was severe, the mRNA and protein expression of SIK1 obviously decreased (P < 0.01); mRNA and protein expression of SREBP-1c increased (P < 0.01). After drug therapy, compared with the model group, FBG, FFA, TG, TC, ALT, AST, and liver weight index significantly decreased, liver TG contents significantly decreased, the mRNA and protein expression of SIK1 obviously increased, while mRNA and protein expression of SREBP-1c obviously decreased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) in the ZQR group and the metformin group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); and the pathological changes were also improved. All the indices were improved more in the ZQR group (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIn this experiment, we found that the expression of SIK1 decreased in NAFL rats with type 2 diabetes. ZQR could alleviate lesion of NAFL type 2 diabetes rats possibly by up-regulating hepatic SIK1 expression at mRNA and protein levels.

Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Fatty Liver ; complications ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Liver ; metabolism ; Male ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 ; metabolism

AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effects of genistein(Gen) on mouse allergic contact dermatitis(ACD).METHODS: The animal model of ACD was induced by DNFB.The effects of different doses of Gen on mouse ear swelling,body weight,histopathological changes in mouse ear skin,thymus index and spleen index were observed.RESULTS: All groups of Gen inhibited mouse ear swelling induced by DNFB significantly.The infiltration of inflammatory cells and thymus index were also reduced.However,the increase in mouse body weight was not affected.Low dose of Gen increased spleen index,high dose of Gen decreased spleen index.CONCLUSION: Genistein has significant inhibitory effects on mouse ACD induced by DNFB.

The nucleocapsid protein VP15 of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a basic DNA-binding protein. Three canonical bipartite nuclear localization signals (NLSs), called NLS1 (aa 11-27), NLS2 (aa 33-49) and NLS3 (44-60), have been detected in this protein, using the ScanProsite computer program. To determine the nuclear localization sequence of VP15, the full-length open reading frame, or the sequence of one of the three NLSs, was fused to the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene, and transiently expressed in insect Sf9 cells. Transfection with full-length VP15 resulted in GFP fluorescence being distributed exclusively in the nucleus. NLS 1 alone could also direct GFP to the nucleus, but less efficiently. Neither of the other two NLSs (NLS2 and 3) was functional when expressed alone, but exhibited similar activity to NLS1 when they were expressed as a fusion peptide. Furthermore, a mutated VP15, in which the two basic amino acids (11RR12) of NLSI were changed to two alanines (11AA12), caused GFP to be localized only in the cytoplasm of Sf9 cells. These results demonstrated that VP15, as a nuclear localization protein, needs cooperation between its three NLSs, and that the two residues (11RR12) of NLS1 play a key role in transporting the protein to the nucleus.