Ductus Arteriosus ; surgery ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Humans ; Ibuprofen ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Indomethacin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Premature, Diseases ; drug therapy ; surgery ; therapy ; Ligation ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported ; Humans ; Oral Hygiene ; Quality of Life

Objective To introduce a design of automatic biochip sample testing system.Methods The computer control was adopt and based on operational process to design system functional modularization.Results The system can be had a series of functions,including automatically biochip sampling,reaction,detection and so on.Conclusion The stability and accuracy of the biochip testing can be ensured and provided testing efficiency.

Objective To investigate the status and its correlation of knowledge,attitude,and behaviors related to Alzheimer's disease among community residents in Tianjin.Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select 140 rural residents aged 20～75 years old in Wang-ding-di community,then using a researcher-designed questionnaire to conduct knowledge,attitude,and behaviors survey.Results The knowledge score was(6.436±2.170)(0～16)points,and the correct rate of first symptom of Alzheimer's disease among people of different age,education level had statistical differences.Community residents held a positive attitude to patients with Alzheimer's disease,113 community residents felt Alzheimer's disease patients pitiful and lonely.Getting health knowledge about Alzheimer's disease among people of different gender,education level,monthly family income,presence or absence of chronic diseases had statistical differences.There were positive relationships between knowledge and behaviors scores,memory and knowledge scores,getting health knowledge about dementia and knowledge scores.Conclusions Community residents has low cognitive levels about Alzheimer's disease,and they don't take the appropriate health behavior,so the government should develop the health education about Alzheimer's disease in the community to prevent the disease.

In order to improve the efficacy of vibration expectoration and prevent secondary injury in patients with chest trauma,the body surface marking method was used in vibration expectoration.The exact injured locations and areas were identified via CT ot X-ray results.Then,the restricted and focused areas of expectoration were marked with red and green colors,which could guide the machines to avoid the fracture sites,reduce pain,prevent secondary injury and administrate effective expectoration in the areas of sputum and atelectasis.However,the dynamic CT or X-ray results must be used for reference to ensure the accuracy of the body surface marking.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical effects of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) combined with artificial dermis grafting and autologous skin grafting on repair of open joint wounds and/or wounds with exposed bone fracture.

METHODSEleven patients with open joint wounds and/or wounds with exposed bone fracture, hospitalized from November 2008 to November 2014, were enrolled in the study. According to the differences of the first stage treatment, all patients were divided into experimental group ( n = 6, including 4 patients of open joint wounds, 1 patient of wound with exposed bone fracture, and 1 patient of open joint wound with exposed bone fracture), and control group ( n 5, including 2 patients of open joint wounds, 2 patients of wounds with exposed bone fracture, and 1 patient of open joint wound with exposed bone fracture). After debridement, the wounds in both groups were grafted with punctured artificial dermis, while NPWT was only used over the artificial dermis of experiment group for 1 week. In the operation at sacsod stage, autologous split-thickness skin was grafted on the vascularized artificial dermis in both groups. Results In 5 patients of open joint wounds in experimental group, the artificial dermis was vascularized well, autologous skin grafts survived, and wounds were healed. In 3 patients of open joint wounds in control group, the artificial dermis grafting all failed due to local infection, and then these wounds were repaired with local tissue flap grafting. Artificial dermis in 3 patients of wounds with exposed bone fracture in both groups was vascularized well after grafting, and the wounds were healed after autologous skin grafting, whether or not NPWT was used.

CONCLUSIONSNPWT combined with artificial dermis grafting and autolognus skin grafting can be used for repairing open joint wounds and/or wounds with exposed bone fracture.

Debridement ; Dermis ; transplantation ; Humans ; Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy ; methods ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Skin, Artificial ; Surgical Flaps ; Wound Healing

OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for the simultaneous determination of clopidogrel (CLO) and its active metabolites (CATM) and inactive metabolites (CCAM),and to conduct pharmacokinetic study. METHODS:The plasma sam-ple had been derivatized by 2-bromine-3′-methoxy acetophenone(MPB),and was precipitated by acetonitrile. Using carbam-azepine as internal standard,UPLC-MS/MS was adopted. The separation was performed on Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column with mobile phase consisted of water(containing 0.1% formic acid)-acetonitrile(containing 0.1% formic acid)using a gradient elution program at the flow rate of 0.50 ml/min. The ESI was equipped and quantitative analysis was operated in posi-tive ion and MRM mode. The mass transition ion-pairs were followed as m/z 322.1→211.8(CLO),m/z 504.1→155.0(the alkyl-ation derivatives of CATM,CATMD),m/z 308.3→198.0(CCAM),m/z 273.2→194.3(internal standard). RESULTS:The lin-ear calibration curves for CLO,CATMD and CCAM were obtained in the concentration range of 0.03-20.00 ng/ml,0.30-200.00 ng/ml and 10.00-10 000.00 ng/ml in plasma,respectively;intra-day and inter-day RSD for them were all less than 15%,and relative error(RE)ranged from -3.5% to 5.7%. Main pharmacokinetic parameters of CLO,CATMD and CCAM in 5 healthy volunteers after oral administration of CLO 300 mg were as follows:cmax were(7.89±5.46),(15.58±8.08),(8 023.33± 1 047.39)ng/ml;tmax were(1.25 ± 0.43),(1.25 ± 0.43),(1.67 ± 0.29)h;t1/2 were (2.31 ± 0.61),(0.64 ± 0.08),(6.53 ± 2.55)h;AUC0-t were(17.19±14.59),(21.39±9.58),(30 648.85±8 026.63)ng·h/ml. CONCLUSIONS:The established method is sensi-tive,rapid and convenient,which is suitable for pharmacokinetic study and plasma concentration determination of CLO and its metabolites.

A near infrared spectroscopy ( NIRS) method was used for rapid quality evaluation of ferulic acid content in chrysanthemum morifolium cv. ( Chuju) continuous cropping soil. Standard leverage, studentized residual and Mahalanobis distance were calculated to eliminate abnormal samples. After the initial near infrared spectrum was treated by two second derivative and Norris smoothing filter noise, 6000-4000 cm-1 wave number range and 7 factors were chosen for partial least squares ( PLS) calibration model. The results showed that good correlation was presented between the calibration set/validation set and the values determined by high performance liquid chromatography, and the calibration correlation coefficient ( Rc ) and validation correlation coefficient ( Rcv ) were 0. 9914 and 0. 9935, respectively. Root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC), root mean square error of validation (RMSEP) and root mean square error of cross-validation (RMSECV) were 0. 484, 0. 539 and 0. 615, respectively. This method was accurate, reliable, simple, rapid and nondestructive, and could be applied to the fast analysis for ferulic acid in continuous cropping soil.

BACKGROUND:A few studies have reported that autologous chondrocyte implantation is better than microfracture for treating cartilage defects of the knee. But there are few meta-analyses on the clinical outcomes of autologous chondrocyte implantation versus microfracture. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of autologous chondrocyte implantation versus microfracture in the treatment of cartilage defects of the knee based on existing clinical data. METHODS:A systematic search for control ed clinical trials or control ed prospective observational studies published from 1979 to January 2015 was done in electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, the Cochrane Central Register, Wanfang, CNKI and VIP. The literatures about the effects of autologous chondrocyte implantation versus microfracture in the treatment of cartilage defects of the knee were retrieved. We screened the retrieved literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and performed a Meta-analysis with the software RevMan 5.2 after identification of the relevant data. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Eight studies were enrol ed according to the selection criteria, which revealed a statistical y significant difference, representing a clinical y relevant superiority of autologous chondrocyte implantation over microfracture, in IKDC scores at final fol ow-up [weighted mean difference (WMD),-9.93;95%confidence interval (CI):-13.16 to-5.43;P<0.000 01] and available scores at 5-year fol ow-up [standard mean difference (SMD),-0.30;95%CI: -0.55 to-0.05;P=0.02). In contrast, there were no significant differences, thus representing no clinical relevant superiority of microfracture versus autologous chondrocyte implantation, in Tegner scores at final fol ow-up (WMD=0.44;95%CI:0.04 to 0.84;P=0.03), Lysholm scores at final fol ow-up (WMD=-10.21;95%CI:-33.68 to 13.26;P=0.39), and available scores at 2-year fol ow-up (SMD=-0.25;95%CI:-0.92 to 0.43;P=0.47). These findings demonstrate that autologous chondrocyte implantation can result in a better long-term outcome than microfracgure. However, whether autologous chondrocyte implantation has a better treatment effect than microfracture in general needs more research.

BACKGROUND: Combined use of multiple interventions for different targets play superimposed or synergistic effects,which has become the current idea for spinal cord injury treatment.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the synergistic effects of low doses of 17-β estradiol combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation on the recovery of motor function and inflammatory reactions after spinal cord injury in rats.METHODS: The 10 of 70 male Sprague-Dawley rats served as sham group in which the spinal cord was only exposed but with no treatment, and the rest 60 rats were used to make animal models of spinal cord injury using modified Allen's method and then randomized into four groups (n=15 per group): model, estrogen, stem cell and combined treatment groups. Rats in the stem cell and combined treatment groups were given BMSCs transplantation at injured side; rats in the estrogen and combined treatment groups were given intramuscular injection of 17-β estradiol at 1 and 24 hours after modeling. At 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after modeling, rat functional recovery was evaluated by the Basso, Beatlie, Bresnahan score. The expressions of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in the injured spinal cord were detected by ELISA at 6, 12, 24, and 72 hours after modeling. Apoptosis in nerve cells was observed using TUNEL staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The Basso, Beatlie, Bresnahan scores were declined significantly after modeling,increased at 5 and 7 days after stem cell transplantation, estrogen treatment or their combined treatment (P < 0.05),especially in the combined treatment group (P < 0.05). The levels of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α were elevated gradually after spinal cord injury (P < 0.05), but the levels decreased significantly at 12 and 24 hours in stem cell,estrogen and combined treatment groups (P < 0.05), and this decrease trend was more significant in the combined treatment group compared with the stem cell and estrogen groups (P < 0.05). At 72 hours after modeling, the rate of TUNEL positive cells was highest in the model group (P < 0.05) and lowest in the combined treatment group (P < 0.05).To conclude, the combined use of low doses of 17-β estradiol and BMSCs transplantation can facilitate the recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury by effectively inhibiting apoptosis in nerve cells.