OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of early before PCI and immediate application of tirofiban on coronary blood flow and myocardial perfusion in patients with high risk acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS:100 high risk ACS patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 50 cases in each group. Two groups were given tiro-fiban;observation group was given medicine 10 μg/kg within 3 min,4-6 h before PCI,with the velocity of 0.15 μg/(kg·min)till 24 h after PCI. Control group was given medicine at the beginning of PCI,route of administration was same as observation group. The incidence of TIMI blood flow grading,TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG),cTn Ⅰ,PAR and main adverse cardiac events(MACE)were compared between 2 groups before and after treatment. RESULTS:After operation,the patients of 2-3 grade TIMI blood flow and 2-3 grade TMPG in 2 groups were significantly more than before;the patients of 2-3 grade TMPG in observa-tion group was significantly more than in control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). After treatment,cTn Ⅰof 2 groups were significantly increased,while PAR were significantly decreased,with statistical significance compared to before operation (P<0.05);but there was no difference between 2 groups (P>0.05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of MACE between observation group(8.0%)and control group(16.0%)(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Early application of tirofiban before PCI can effectively improve coronary blood flow and myocardial blood supply in high risk ACS patients.

Objective To observe the changes of leptin levels in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients and the effect of insulin therapy on serum leptin levels,so as to investigate the relationship between insulin and leptin.Methods Twenty-nine type 1 diabetic patients were enrolled from out-patient clinic and ward of our hospital.Twenty healthy people in our hospital were selected as normal controls.All blood samples were obtained after an overnight fasting for 14 hours.Fasting serum levels of glucose,hemoglobinA 1c(HbA 1c),triglycerides,cholesterol,insulin,C-peptide and leptin were analyzed in all subjects.The type 1 diabetic patients received insulin injection subcutaneously,and levels of glucose,insulin,C-peptide and leptin were measured 2 weeks later.Results In newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients,leptin levels were lower than those in normal controls (P0.05).It was found by correlation analysis that in control group,serum leptin levels were correlated with sex,BMI and serum insulin levels,while in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic group,serum leptin levels were related to sex and serum insulin levels.Conclusion Serum leptin levels of patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes are lower than those in control group.It is likely that short-term insulin injection subcutaneously can not affect serum leptin levels.

Objective To study the efficiency of the compound active carbon filter in reducing the content of free radicals in the smoke of cigarettes. Methods 9 trademarks of cigarettes installed the compound active carbon filters were collected and ESR was used to analyze the content of free radicals in the particle and gas phases. Results The results showed that the efficiency of the compound active carbon filters to reduce the content of free radicals in the cigarette smoke was not identical,some samples even showed an inverse result. Conclusion Based on the results of the present paper,it is not considered that the compound active carbon filter can always reduce the free radicals in the smoke of cigarettes.

Objective · To investigate the effects of ox-LDL on the proliferation of rat theca cells and expression of LXR-α and StAR, two genes associated with androgen biosynthesis. Methods · The expression of LXR-α in the ovarian tissue of rats was determined by immunohistochemistry. Primary theca cells were isolated and collected from rat ovary and cultured in vitro. Furthermore, the theca cells were treated with 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, 300 and 400 mg/L ox-LDL, respectively. The variations in LXR-α mRNA were identified using real-time PCR. MTT assay was performed to detect cell viability. The expression of LXR-α and StAR was measured by Western blotting analysis. Results · The effect of ox-LDL on the proliferation of rat theca cells and the levels of LXR-α and StAR in theca cells was in a concentration-dependent manner. Following exposure to various concentration of ox-LDL for 24 h, the proliferation of theca cells was induced by low concentration of ox-LDL (25-150 mg/L), and 100 mg/L ox-LDL showed the most significant inducing effect. Moreover, the cell survival rate was diminished considerably following with ox-LDL concentration increasing, especially lowered by 400 mg/L ox-LDL. The mRNA level of LXR-α was increased with low concentration of ox-LDL (25-150 mg/L) and the impact of ox-LDL on the induced expression of LXR-α mRNA was considerably distinct at the concentration of 150 mg/L. On the other hand, the expression of LXR-α mRNA was reduced with high concentration of ox-LDL, and the impact of 400 mg/L ox-LDLwas substantially distinct. The protein expression levels of LXR-α and StAR were increased with 150 mg/L ox-LDL, but StAR protein level in 150 mg/L ox-LDL group revealed no significant difference when compared with control group. The expression of LXR-α and StAR protein was significantly inhibited with 400 mg/L ox-LDL in the rat theca cells. Conclusion · Low concentrations of ox-LDL can induce the proliferation of theca cells, and promote the expression of StAR and LXR-α. Whereas, high concentrations of ox-LDL can reduce the cell viability and inhibit the expression of StAR and LXR-α.

AlM: To investigate the efficacy of photodynamic therapy ( PDT) and intravitreal injection with ranibizumab on macular choroidal neovascularization ( CNV ) of pathologic myopia ( PM) .
METHODS: There were patients ( 32 eyes ) who were diagnosed as PM with CNV. Randomly selected 16 cases ( 16 eyes ) which were given the PDT treatment ( PDT group ) . The remaining were given both PDT and intravitreal injection with ranibizumab ( combination group) . There is no significant difference on macular edema between two groups. We analyzed the changes in the best corrected visual activity ( BCVA) , optic coherence tomograph ( OCT ) and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) before and 1, 6mo after treatment.
RESULTS:One month after the treatment in PDT group:the BCVA increased while the CMT decreased compared with that of pretreatment (P<0. 05). One month after the treatment in combination group: the BCVA increased while the CMT decreased significantly compared with that of pretreatment (P<0. 01);the changes of BCVA and CMT showed statistically significant between the two groups ( P<0. 05). Six month after the treatment in PDT group: the BCVA increased while the CMT decreased compared with that of pretreatment ( P <0. 05 ). Six month after the treatment in combination group: the BCVA increased while the CMT decreased significantly compared with that of pretreatment ( P <0. 01 ); compared with changes of BCVA and CMT in two groups, the difference was significant after treatment (P<0. 05). Compared 1mo with 6mo after treatment:there was no significant difference in the BCVA and CMT changes (P>0. 05). One month after treatment: in PDT group, FFA showed no leakage or reduced leakage of CNV in 11 eyes (69%), and the fundus remained leaky in 5 eyes ( 31%); in combination group, FFA showed no leakage or reduced leakage of CNV in 13 eyes (81%);the fundus remained leaky in 3 eyes (19%). Six month after treatment:in PDT group, FFA showed no leakage or reduced leakage in 10 eyes ( 62. 5%); the fundus remained leaky in 4 eyes ( 25%); two eyes ( 12. 5%) relapsed leakage; in combination group, FFA showed no leakage or reduced leakage of CNV in 15 eyes (94%);the fundus remained leaky in 1 eye (6%).
CONCLUSlON: Not only PDT but also PDT and intravitreal injection with ranibizumab can block CNV of pathologic myopia completely or partly, and reduce the danger causing descent of vision. Effects and the stability of the combination therapy is superior to PDT treatment.

AIM: To investigate the efficacy of intravitreal ranibizumab combined with laser therapy in the treatment of macular edema caused by branch retinal vein occlusion ( BRVO) .
METHODS:There were 78 patients (78 eyes) who were diagnosed with macular edema caused by BRVO using fundus fluorescence angiography ( FFA ) and optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) . Group A: randomly selected 26 cases ( 26 eyes ) were given grid laser photocoagulation ( GLP) . Group B: randomly selected 26 cases (26 eyes) were given GLP first, and then received intravitreal ranibizumab 1wk later. Group C: randomly selected 26 cases ( 26 eyes ) undergone intravitreal ranibizumab first, and then given GLP 1wk later. There was no significant difference in macular edema. We analyzed the changes in the best corrected visual activity ( BCVA ) , central macular thickness ( CMT ) before and 1wk, 1,6mo after treatment.
RESULTS: Compared with before treatment, 1wk after treatment: mean value changes of BCVA and CMT were no significant difference in group A (P>0. 05);mean value changes of BCVA was improved and mean value of CMT was decreased in groups B and C, the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05);BCVA and CMT changes between groups had statistical significance ( P<0. 01 );After treatment 1, 6mo:compared with before treatment, mean BCVA was improved in three groups, mean CMT was lower, the differences were statistically significant (P<0. 01);BCVA and CMT changes between groups were statistically significant ( P<0. 05 ); compared with 1mo after treatment, mean BCVA and CMT were no significant difference (P>0.05) between groups A and B after 6mo treatment;mean BCVA improved and CMT average value was decreased in group C, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01 ); BCVA and CMT changes between groups were statistically significant (P<0. 01).
CONCLUSION: Intravitreal injection ranibizumab combined laser therapy can effectively reduce BRVO induced macular edema, enhance vision acuity. Compared with GLP, combination therapy has more rapid onset of treatment, and reduce macular edema better; Intravitreal ranibizumab should be given in front of the GLP, and the treatment effect is more precise, more stability.

The nucleocapsid protein VP15 of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a basic DNA-binding protein. Three canonical bipartite nuclear localization signals (NLSs), called NLS1 (aa 11-27), NLS2 (aa 33-49) and NLS3 (44-60), have been detected in this protein, using the ScanProsite computer program. To determine the nuclear localization sequence of VP15, the full-length open reading frame, or the sequence of one of the three NLSs, was fused to the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene, and transiently expressed in insect Sf9 cells. Transfection with full-length VP15 resulted in GFP fluorescence being distributed exclusively in the nucleus. NLS 1 alone could also direct GFP to the nucleus, but less efficiently. Neither of the other two NLSs (NLS2 and 3) was functional when expressed alone, but exhibited similar activity to NLS1 when they were expressed as a fusion peptide. Furthermore, a mutated VP15, in which the two basic amino acids (11RR12) of NLSI were changed to two alanines (11AA12), caused GFP to be localized only in the cytoplasm of Sf9 cells. These results demonstrated that VP15, as a nuclear localization protein, needs cooperation between its three NLSs, and that the two residues (11RR12) of NLS1 play a key role in transporting the protein to the nucleus.

BACKGROUND:Liver fibrosis is a kind of chronic and active disease that is caused by various causes and characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracelular matrix. At present, use of Chinese herbs for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis has obvious advantages. Salvia miltiorrhiza has been shown to be highly effective in the treatment of hepatic fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanism needs further investigation. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of TanshinoneⅡA on the expression levels of transforming growth factor-β/Smads signaling pathway related factors transforming growth factor-β, bone morphogenetic protein 7, Smad6 and Smad7 in the liver tissue of rats with hepatic fibrosis. METHODS:SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10): normal control, model and TanshinoneⅡA-treated groups. Rats in the model and TanshinoneⅡA-treated groups were subtaneously injected with olive oil-diluted 10% CCl4 ( 5 mL/kg) twice a week, 8 weeks in total, to build rat models of hepatic fibrosis. Four weeks after hepatic fibgrosis induction, rats in the TanshinoneⅡA-treated group received subtaneous injection of TanshinoneⅡA til eight weeks. Rats in the normal control group were subcutaneously injected with olive oil. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detection showed that in the model group, the expression of transforming growth factor-β in the rat liver tissue was significantly increased (P < 0.01) and the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-7, Smad6 and Smad7 was significantly decreased (P < 0.01) compared with the normal control group. TanshinoneⅡA could obviously reverse the expression of those factors above-mentioned (P < 0.01). The results suggest that TanshinoneⅡA can be used for treatment of hepatic fibrosis by decreasing the expression of transforming growth factor-β and increasing the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-7, Smad6 and Smad7.

Two human endometrial carcinoma cell lines, HEC-1-A and RL95-2, were treated with adiponectin,and then changes of cell count, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest were measured. The expression of phospho-AMPK(Thr172) and AMPK was determined by Western Blot. The results showed that adiponectin may exert direct anti-proliferative effects on HEC-1-A and RL95-2 cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, which may be mediated by AMPK pathway.

Objective To compare two different revascularization methods in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with multivessel coronary artery disease treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass graft ( CABG) .Methods T2DM patients with multivessel disease undergoing success-ful PCI or CABG were enrolled in the study .They were diagnosed by coronary angiography ( CAG) in Tianjin Chest Hospital from May 2009 to May 2010 whose.The patients were followed up for 3 years.The information of patients including physical performance , clinical features , and laboratory examination results were collected .The major ad-verse cardio cerebral events(MACCE)including death, myocardial infarction(MI), revascularization, angina pecto-ris, heart failure, and stroke were collected.Results During the 3 years of follow-up, MACCE(31.58% vs 17.68%, P<0.01), death(4.82%vs 1.10%, P<0.05), MI(4.39%vs 1.10%, P<0.05), angina pectoris (17.27%vs 10.50%, P<0.05)occurred more frequently in PCI group than in CABG group .Conclusion Evi-dences now tend to support CABG for revascularization in T 2DM patients with multivessel disease .