Humans ; Child ; Communicable Diseases/therapy* ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques ; Genetic Testing

Pathologic splenic rupture is an uncommon finding associated with a long list of pathologic conditions, including infectious diseases, hematologic diseases, metabolic disorders, drug therapy, primary and secondary benign or malignant splenic tumors, acute or chronic pancreatitis, collagen disorders pregnancy, and others. In this report, we present a case study of a pathologic splenic rupture caused by metastasis from a previously undiagnosed gastric carcinoma.
Collagen ; Communicable Diseases ; Drug Therapy ; Hematologic Diseases ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreatitis, Chronic ; Pregnancy ; Splenic Rupture*

Child ; Child Health Services ; China ; Communicable Diseases ; therapy ; Congenital Abnormalities ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Mortality

STUDY DESIGN: A review of related literatures of diagnosis and treatment of spinal tuberculosis. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to discuss treatment strategies by understanding of emerging problems related to spinal tuberculosis. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: Owing to modern diagnostic modalities, development of prevention and chemotherapy, the incidences of tuberculosis infection including spinal tuberculosishave been decreasing. Moreover, these medical these improvements of medical and surgical treatments the improvement of surgical techniques for spinal tuberculosis reduced the incidence of kyphosis or neurologic complications such as Pott's paralysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Review of related literatures. RESULTS: Recently,the occurrence of multi-drug resistant strain, an increasing number of opportunistic infections and an atypical presentation in spinal tuberculosis are emerging as new challenges. CONCLUSIONS: An appropriate diagnosis and surgical interventions are our obligation as clinicians dealing with this unique infectious disease to minimize the complications for the treatment of spinal tuberculosis.
Communicable Diseases ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Incidence ; Kyphosis ; Opportunistic Infections ; Paralysis ; Spine* ; Tuberculosis* ; Tuberculosis, Spinal

Communicable Diseases ; therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Social Planning

Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has started to erupt in Wuhan since December 2019, and then the cases of COVID-19 increased rapidly, the epidemic situation spreaded to most area of China. Owing to the lack of specific drugs at present, convalescent plasma therapy becomes an alternative treatment. However, the choice of the donor, suitable patients, timing of treatment, administrate dose, the advantages and disadvantages of the treatment are not clear. This article reviews the clinical studies and case reports of convalescent plasma therapy in several previous viral infectious diseases in order to provide clues for the treatment of COVID-19.
Blood Component Transfusion ; COVID-19/therapy* ; China ; Communicable Diseases ; Humans ; Immunization, Passive ; Plasma ; SARS-CoV-2

In the fight against epidemic infectious diseases in the past 2,000 years, Chinese medicine (CM) has gradually developed a complete response system including diagnosis and treatment. The focal point of CM in the treatment of infectious diseases is the personalized response state to pathogen, which is a treatment method consistent with the personalized concept of precision medicine. Compared with the methods of directly killing or inactivating pathogens, which are used in modern medicine, CM is an effective treatment modality that has a wider range of points of action in the human body. The remarkable effects achieved while treating SARS in 2003 and the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia and the history of the effective responses to epidemics in the past 2,000 years have fully demonstrated the effectiveness of CM in treating infectious diseases. This article discusses the different treatment mechanisms for infectious diseases in CM and modern medicine and the advantages of CM methods, which will reacquaint the world with CM. The improvement of the diagnosis and treatment system of CM based on scientific concepts and methods and the organic combination of both treatment methods of modern medicine and CM will provide the best solution for humans to defeat epidemic infectious diseases.
COVID-19 ; Communicable Diseases/therapy* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Epidemics ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; SARS-CoV-2

Child ; Common Cold ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Communicable Disease Control ; methods ; organization & administration ; standards ; Communicable Diseases ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Patient Education as Topic ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; therapy ; Risk Factors ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Virus Diseases ; diagnosis ; therapy

There are about sixty to seventy diseases which develop dementia until now. These include degenerative disease, vascular disease, infectious disease, hydrocephalus, toxic condition, head trauma, tumor , metabolic disease, and demyelinating disease etc. 20% of dementing illness is reversible to treatment. Treatment strategies of dementia can be classified as disease-specific treatment, pharmacotherapy with neurocognitive activators or psychopharmacologic agents, and nonpharmacologic intervention such as neurocognitive rehabilitation, reminiscence therapy, occupational or physical therapy, and psychosocial approach. But medical approach is necessary to prevent disability stemming from pneumonia, dehydration, malnutrition, decubitus ulcer, and other complication. These treatment strategies must be administered comprehensibly due to characteristics of the dementia patients.
Alzheimer Disease* ; Communicable Diseases ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Dehydration ; Dementia ; Demyelinating Diseases ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Malnutrition ; Metabolic Diseases ; Occupational Therapy ; Pneumonia ; Pressure Ulcer ; Rehabilitation ; Vascular Diseases

Heat-shock protein gp96 associates with antigenic peptides derived from tumor and virus. Exogenous gp96-peptide complexes are taken up by antigen-presenting cells through interaction with its receptor CD91 on the cell surface, and cross-present antigenic peptides to MHC class I molecules by a peptide relay line in the endoplasmic reticulum for specific T-cell activation. Meanwhile, gp96 has been shown to initiate innate immune responses through interaction with toll-like receptor 2 and toll-like receptor 4. Recent studies have shown a gp96-mediated immune balance between CTL and Tregs. With the further understanding of counteracting immunosuppressive mechanisms in gp96-induced cellular immune responses, and establishment of high level production of recombinant gp96 by the yeast, gp96 appears to be a promising candidate for designing effective therapeutic vaccines against tumor and infectious diseases.
Animals ; Communicable Diseases ; therapy ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; immunology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunotherapy, Active ; methods ; Neoplasms ; therapy ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; immunology