Humans ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology*

Colorectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Neoplasm Staging

Colorectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Neoplasm Staging

No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms/*pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Stomach Neoplasms/*pathology

Colorectal carcinogenesis is a complex multistep process that includes changes in histomorphological appearance of the colonic mucosa and changes at molecular level. Aberrant crypt foci (ACF) was first described by Bird in 1987 on examination of methylene-blue-stained colonic mucosa of azoxymethane-treated mice under light microscopy. Since then ACF was considered as the earliest preneoplastic change that can be seen in the colonic mucosa. The aim of this study was to look at the histomorphology and distribution of ACF in colorectal carcinoma. 50 formalin-fixed archival colectomy specimens for colorectal carcinoma were examined under light microscopy after staining with 0.2% methylene blue. ACF was identified by larger and darker crypts with thickened epithelium, and often elevated from adjacent normal mucosa. ACF was found in 41 of 50 colectomy specimens examined. There were 328 ACF consisting of 36 (11.0%) ACF without hyperplasia or dysplasia, 263 (80.2%) ACF with hyperplasia and 29 (8.8%) ACF with dysplasia. Of these 29 ACF with dysplasia, 25 showed low grade dysplasia and four high grade dysplasia. The density of ACF was higher in the left colon, those older than 65 years of age and among males but these findings were statistically not significant. The crypt multiplicity of hyperplastic ACF (30.149, SD 28.395) was larger than dysplastic ACF (20.613, SD 40.128). The spectrum of histological changes observed probably represent the evolution of ACF in colorectal carcinogenesis.
Aberrant Crypt Foci/*pathology ; Adenocarcinoma/*pathology ; Colorectal Neoplasms/*pathology

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third common malignant tumor worldwide and the second cause of cancer-related death. Liver metastasis is the main cause of mortality in colorectal cancer. Exploration of the mechanism and the processes of liver metastasis, and therapeutic intervention are important to improve the overall survival and the quality of life of patients with colorectal cancer. Biomarkers has been one of the hot spots in the study of colorectal cancer. More and more biomarkers are being found and warrant further study.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; secondary

Colorectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; secondary ; surgery

Biomedical Research ; trends ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; secondary

Humans ; Keratins ; Immunohistochemistry ; Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology* ; Staining and Labeling ; Neoplasm Staging

Lynch syndrome (LS) is an autosomal dominant hereditary disease caused by deletion of such DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes as MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2. The functional loss of MMR genes results in instability of the highly repetitive DNA sequence, and may eventually leads to tumor occurrence. Here we report a case of LS- related endometrial cancer in a clustered LS family identified by genetic counseling and genetic testing. For patients with a family history of LSrelated tumors, the diagnosis of LS should be considered, and immunohistochemical testing of MMR and genetic testing for LS should be performed. A definite diagnosis of LS has important clinical significance for individuals and family members, and risk screening and preventive measures can minimize the overall risk of developing LS-related cancers.
Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis/pathology* ; DNA Mismatch Repair ; Endometrial Neoplasms/pathology* ; Female ; Genetic Testing/methods* ; Humans