1.Relationship between ganglioside expression and anti-cancer effects of the monoclonal antibody against epithelial cell adhesion molecule in colon cancer.
Dong Hoon KWAK ; Jae Sung RYU ; Chang Hyun KIM ; Kisung KO ; Jin Yeul MA ; Kyung A HWANG ; Young Kug CHOO
Experimental & Molecular Medicine 2011;43(12):693-701
The human colorectal carcinoma-associated GA733 antigen epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) was initially described as a cell surface protein selectively expressed in some myeloid cancers. Gangliosides are sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids involved in inflammation and oncogenesis. We have demonstrated that treatment with anti-EpCAM mAb and RAW264.7 cells significant inhibited the cell growth in SW620 cancer cells, but neither anti-EpCAM mAb nor RAW264.7 cells alone induced cytotoxicity. The relationship between ganglioside expression and the anti-cancer effects of anti-EpCAM mAb and RAW264.7 was investigated by high-performance thin-layer chromatography. The results demonstrated that expression of GM1 and GD1a significantly increased in the ability of anti-EpCAM to inhibit cell growth in SW620 cells. Anti-EpCAM mAb treatment increased the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2, but the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, TNF-alpha, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-8 were unaltered. We observed that anti-EpCAM mAb significantly inhibited the growth of colon tumors, as determined by a decrease in tumor volume and weight. The expression of anti-apoptotic protein was inhibited by treatment with anti-EpCAM mAb, whereas the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins was increased. These results suggest that GD1a and GM1 were closely related to anticancer effects of anti-EpCAM mAb. In light of these results, further clinical investigation should be conducted on anti-EpCAM mAb to determine its possible chemopreventive and/or therapeutic efficacy against human colon cancer.
Animals
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Antibodies, Monoclonal/*immunology/*therapeutic use
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Antigens, Neoplasm/*immunology
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Apoptosis/drug effects
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Cell Adhesion Molecules/*immunology
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Cell Line
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Cell Line, Tumor
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Cell Proliferation/drug effects
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Colon/drug effects/immunology/metabolism/pathology
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Colonic Neoplasms/*drug therapy/genetics/*immunology/pathology
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Gangliosides/genetics/*immunology
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Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
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Humans
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Male
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C