1.Diffuse Ganglioneuromatosis of the Colon Presenting as a Large Subepithelial Tumor in Adults: Report of Two Cases.
Tae Jun KIM ; Hyun LIM ; Ho Suk KANG ; Sung Hoon MOON ; Jong Hyeok KIM ; Choong Kee PARK ; Mi Jung KWON ; Bong Hwa LEE
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology 2015;66(2):111-115
Colonic diffuse ganglioneuromatosis is a benign neoplastic condition characterized by disseminated, intramural, or transmural proliferation of neural elements involving the enteric plexuses, sometimes associated with von Recklinghausen's disease and other multiple tumor syndromes. Colonic diffuse ganglioneuromatosis is usually large, ranging from 1 to 17 cm, and thus can distort the surrounding tissue architecture as well as infiltrate the adjacent bowel wall. However, colonic diffuse ganglioneuromatosis is an exceptional finding in adults and only individual cases are reported in the literature. Herein, we report two unusual cases of adult patients with colonic diffuse transmural ganglioneuromatosis presenting as a large subepithelial tumor.
Adult
;
Aged
;
Colon/metabolism/*pathology
;
Colonoscopy
;
Ganglioneuroma/*diagnosis/metabolism/pathology
;
Humans
;
Immunohistochemistry
;
Male
;
S100 Proteins/metabolism
;
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
2.Role of integrin α4β7 in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis in rats.
Qi HUANG ; Bu-jun GE ; Xi ZHANG ; Xi-mei CHEN ; Chang-qing YANG
Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2010;13(12):926-929
OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of integrin α4β7 in the development of ulcerative colitis (UC) in rats.
METHODSSixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the control group (acetone enema), the model group (2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, DNCB enema), and the α4 intervention group. Colonic mucosa of different groups was observed and compared in terms of pathology and cytokine changes(IL-2 and IL-6) using ELISA. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the colon α4β7 expression. Integrin α4β7(+) lymphocytes in the portal vein of rats were determined by flow cytometry.
RESULTSThe expression of α4 mRNA was 0.68±0.24 in the model group and 0.58±0.37 in the intervention group, and the expression of β7 mRNA was 0.84±0.37 in the model group and 0.65±0.30 in the intervention group, which were all significantly higher as compared to those in the control group(0.15±0.13 for α4 and 0.24±0.62 for β7, P<0.01). The proportions of integrin α4β7 positive lymphocytes in the portal vein in the model group and intervention group were significantly higher than that in the control group [(76.7±8.2)% and (68.2±7.6)% vs. (14.7±6.7)%, P<0.01]. The expression of IL-2 and IL-6 and the result of macroscopic and microscopic scores in the intervention group were lower than those in the model group(P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONSHigh expression of α4β7 may play an important role in experimental colon mucosa inflammation in rats with ulcerative colitis. The blockade of integrin α4β7 may be a potential target to reduce colonic mucosa inflammation.
Animals ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; metabolism ; pathology ; Colon ; metabolism ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Integrins ; metabolism ; physiology ; Interleukin-2 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Intestinal Mucosa ; pathology ; Rats
3.Remarkably reduced expression of FoxO3a in metaplastic colorectum, primary colorectal cancer and liver metastasis.
Le-ya HE ; Xin WEI ; Lei DU ; Lu LIU ; Feng XU ; Jiang MIN ; Chuan LI ; De-ding TAO ; Quan CHEN ; Jun-bo HU ; Jian-ping GONG
Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Medical Sciences) 2013;33(2):205-211
The forkhead family members of transcription factors (FoxOs) are expected to be potential cancer-related drug targets and thus are being extremely studied recently. In the present study, FoxO3a, one major member of this family, was identified to be down-regulated in colorectal cancer through micro-array analysis, which was confirmed by RT-PCR and Western blot in 28 patients. Moreover, immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed that the expression levels of FoxO3a were remarkably reduced in 99 cases of primary colorectal cancer, liver metastasis, and even in metaplastic colorectal tissue. IHC also revealed an exclusion of FoxO3a from the nucleus of most cells of tumor-associated tissues. Silencing FoxO3a by siRNA led to elevation of G2-M phase cells. We conclude that the downregulation of FoxO3a may greatly contribute to tumor development, and thus FoxO3a may represent a novel therapeutic target in colorectal cancer.
Cell Cycle Checkpoints
;
Colon
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
Colorectal Neoplasms
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
Down-Regulation
;
Female
;
Forkhead Box Protein O3
;
Forkhead Transcription Factors
;
metabolism
;
Humans
;
Liver Neoplasms
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
secondary
;
Male
;
Metaplasia
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
Rectum
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
Tumor Cells, Cultured
4.Alterations of Cajal cells in the colon of slow transit constipation rats.
Zhen LI ; Hao ZHENG ; Guo-bin LI ; Hui ZHI ; Wei-tang YUAN
Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2013;16(8):777-779
OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of expression of c-kit (marker of interstitial cells of Cajal, ICC) in colon with slow transit constipation (STC) in rats.
METHODSSlow transit constipation (STC) rat model was induced by intragastric administration of compound diphenoxylate. Western blotting was used to measure the expression of c-kit in colon of STC rats (model group) and normal rats (control group). Gray scale ratio of c-kit to β-actin was used as the relative quantity of c-kit.
RESULTSFecal quantity per day of STC group was (1.3±0.7) g/100 g, significantly lower than that in normal rats [(1.6±0.9) g/100 g, t=10.798, P<0.05]. In model rats, the time of discharge of the first black fecal was (461.6±150.8) min, significantly longer than that in normal rats [(351.3±119.9) min, t=2.291, P<0.05]. Western blotting revealed that the average values of gray scale ratio of c-kit in proximal colon were 0.277±0.077 and 0.576±0.081 (t=10.719, P<0.05), in distal colon were 0.280±0.075 and 0.571±0.079 (t=10.700, P<0.05) in model group and control group respectively.
CONCLUSIONDown-regulation of c-kit expression in proximal colon and distal colon is associated to the pathogenesis of slow transit constipation in rats.
Animals ; Chronic Disease ; Colon ; metabolism ; pathology ; Constipation ; metabolism ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Interstitial Cells of Cajal ; pathology ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
5.A case of intestinal neuronal dysplasia (type B).
Shan-xian LOU ; Hong-qi SHI ; Qing-wei LIU
Chinese Journal of Pathology 2005;34(9):611-612
Autonomic Nervous System Diseases
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
surgery
;
Colon
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
surgery
;
Diagnosis, Differential
;
Enteric Nervous System
;
abnormalities
;
pathology
;
Hirschsprung Disease
;
pathology
;
Humans
;
Infant, Newborn
;
Intestinal Diseases
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
surgery
;
Male
;
Phosphopyruvate Hydratase
;
metabolism
;
S100 Proteins
;
metabolism
6.Cytokine Expression of Microscopic Colitis Including Interleukin-17.
Eunkyoung PARK ; Young Sook PARK ; Dae Rim PARK ; Sung Ae JUNG ; Dong Soo HAN ; Byung Ik JANG ; Young Ho KIM ; Won Ho KIM ; Yun Ju JO ; Ki Ho LEE ; Won Mi LEE ; Eun Kyung KIM ; Hae Soo KOO
Gut and Liver 2015;9(3):381-387
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Microscopic colitis is characterized by chronic watery diarrhea with specific pathological changes that can be diagnosed by microscopic examination. We performed immunohistochemical analysis of proinflammatory cytokines to investigate the pathogenic mechanism of microscopic colitis. METHODS: This study consisted of six patients with lymphocytic colitis, six patients with collagenous colitis, and six patients with functional diarrhea but normal pathology. We performed an immunohistochemical analysis of the colonic mucosal biopsies to assess the expression of cyclo-oxygenase-2, interleukin-17, nuclear factor-kappaB, interferon-gamma, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. We compared the quantity score of immunohistochemical staining among the groups. RESULTS: The microscopic colitis group showed significantly higher expression of cyclo-oxygenase-2, interleukin-17, nuclear factor-kappaB, and interferon-gamma compared with the control group. Cytokine expression was similar between collagenous colitis and lymphocytic colitis. However, the expression of cyclo-oxygenase-2 was higher in collagenous colitis. CONCLUSIONS: Proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-17 and interferon-gamma, are highly expressed in microscopic colitis. The expression of cyclo-oxygenase-2 was higher in collagenous colitis than in lymphocytic colitis. This study is the first on interleukin-17 expression in microscopic colitis patients.
Biopsy
;
Colitis, Microscopic/*metabolism
;
Colon/pathology
;
Cyclooxygenase 2/*metabolism
;
Cytokines/metabolism
;
Diarrhea/metabolism
;
Humans
;
Interferon-gamma/metabolism
;
Interleukin-17/*metabolism
;
Intestinal Mucosa/pathology
;
NF-kappa B/metabolism
;
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/*metabolism
;
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
7.Expression of leptin and p-mTOR and their clinicopathological significance in human colon carcinoma.
Di WANG ; Jian CHEN ; Hui CHEN ; Zhi DUAN ; Qimei XU ; Meiyan WEI ; Lianghua WANG ; Meizuo ZHONG
Journal of Central South University(Medical Sciences) 2012;37(3):233-237
OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the relationship between the expression of leptin, p-mTOR protein and the pathogenesis, development and clinicopathological features in colon carcinoma.
METHODS:
The expression of leptin and p-mTOR protein was evaluated by immunohistochemical methods in 40 normal colon mucosas, 40 colon adenomatous polyps and 108 cases of colon carcinomas. The relationship between the staining pattern and clinicopathogical features was examined.
RESULTS:
The positive rates of detection of leptin in normal colon mucosa, adenomatous polyps and colon carcinomas were 10% (4/40), 27.5% (11/40), and 71.3% (77/108), respectively; with significant differences among the three groups (P<0.05). The positive rates of p-mTOR protein in the normal colon mucosa, the adenomatous polyps, and the colon carcinomas were 2.5% (1/40), 20% (8/40), and 61.1% (66/108), respectively; with significant differences among the three groups (P<0.05). The expression of leptin and p-mTOR proteins were related to invasive depth, TNM stages, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and tumor differentiation (P<0.05), but not to age, sex, or site (P>0.05). In colon carcinoma tissues, leptin expression was positively correlated with p-mTOR expression (P<0.01).
CONCLUSION
Leptin and p-mTOR proteins may play important roles in the occurrence and development of colon carcinoma. The detection of leptin and p-mTOR may be helpful for evaluation of the prognosis of the patient with colon carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
Adenomatous Polyps
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
Aged
;
Colon
;
metabolism
;
Colonic Neoplasms
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Intestinal Mucosa
;
metabolism
;
Leptin
;
metabolism
;
Male
;
Middle Aged
;
Neoplasm Metastasis
;
Phosphorylation
;
Prognosis
;
TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
;
metabolism
8.Effects of huangqi jiegeng decoction and huangqi huanglian decoction on the protein and mRNA expressions of ICAM-1 in the lung and colon of rats with Crohn's disease.
Shu YANG ; Xin-Yue WANG ; Xue YANG
Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine 2012;32(9):1227-1232
OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of Huangqi Jiegeng Decoction (HJD) and Huangqi Huanglian Decoction (HHD) on the intercellular adhesion molecule-I (ICAM-1) content in the lung and colon of rats with Crohn's disease (CD).
METHODSTotally 56 rats were used to establish the CD rat model using TNBS water solution/absolute alcohol enema (with the model successful rate of 63.0%). Seven rats randomly selected from 35 successfully modeled rats and from the normal group were recruited as the model group and the normal group before intervention. The rest 28 successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into the model group, the Western medicine group (treated with salazosulfapyridine at 0.4 g/kg), the HJD group (20.5 g/kg), and the HHD group (20.8 g/kg), 7 in each group. Another 7 normal rats were recruited as the normal group. Equal volume of pure water was given to rats in the normal group and the model group by gastrogavage, twice daily, for 3 successive weeks. The protein and mRNA expressions of ICAM-1 in the lung and colon tissues were determined before and after intervention using Western blot and RT-PCR.
RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, the protein and mRNA levels of ICAM-1 in the colon tissue, and the mRNA level of ICAM-1 in the lung tissue increased (P< 0.01, P<0.05). After intervention the protein and mRNA levels of ICAM-1 in the colon tissue and the lung tissue increased (P<0.01) in the model group. Compared with the model group at the same time point, the protein and mRNA levels of ICAM-1 in the colon tissue and the lung tissue decreased in each medication group after intervention (P<0.01, P<0.05). Compared with the Western medicine group, the protein level of ICAM-1 in the lung tissue decreased more significantly in the HJD group (P<0.05). The protein level of ICAM-1 in the colon tissue also decreased in the HHD group (P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONSHHD and HJD both could down-regulate the over-expressed ICAM-1 in the lung and colon tissues of CD rats. HHD was prominent in inhibiting the adherence of colonic inflammatory cells and attenuating local immunopathological injury. HJD was prominent in attenuating inflammation and injury in the lung, and preventing pulmonary fibrosis.
Animals ; Colon ; metabolism ; Crohn Disease ; metabolism ; pathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Lung ; metabolism ; Male ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar
9.Expression of secreted frizzled-related protein 4 in DNA mismatch repair-deficient and mismatch repair-proficient colorectal cancers.
Kexu CHEN ; Hanlin LIANG ; Jiewen PENG ; Yanfang ZHENG
Journal of Southern Medical University 2018;38(11):1300-1305
OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the expressions of secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (SFRP4) in stage Ⅱ DNA mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) and mismatch repair- proficient (pMMR) colorectal cancers and explore their clinical significance.
METHODS:
We collected fresh stage Ⅱ colon cancer tissues with different MMR status detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The differentially expressed mRNAs between dMMR and pMMR tumors were identified by Affymetrix Human oeLncRNA gene chip, and the expression of SFRP4 in these cancer tissues and in colorectal cancer cell lines were detected using Western blotting and real- time quantitative PCR. The apoptosis rates of HCT116 cells with and without siRNA- mediated transient SFRP4 knockdown were determined using flow cytometry. We further investigated the expression pattern of Ki-67 and its correlation with SFRP4 expression.
RESULTS:
Compared with pMMR colon cancer tissues or cells, both dMMR colon cancer tissues (=0.014) and cells (=0.0079) showed significantly increased expression of SFRP4, which was in negative correlation with Ki-67 (=0.041). In HCT116 cells, transient SFRP4 knockdown resulted in decreased cell apoptosis, including both early apoptosis (=0.003) and late apoptosis (=0.024).
CONCLUSIONS
Up-regulation of SFRP4 in dMMR stage Ⅱ colon cancer promotes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation of the cancer cells, and may improve the prognosis of dMMR colon cancer.
Apoptosis
;
Cell Proliferation
;
Colon
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
Colonic Neoplasms
;
genetics
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
Colorectal Neoplasms
;
genetics
;
metabolism
;
pathology
;
DNA Mismatch Repair
;
Gene Knockdown Techniques
;
HCT116 Cells
;
Humans
;
Ki-67 Antigen
;
metabolism
;
Prognosis
;
Proto-Oncogene Proteins
;
genetics
;
metabolism
;
Up-Regulation
10.Increased Immunoendocrine Cells in Intestinal Mucosa of Postinfectious Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients 3 Years after Acute Shigella Infection: An Observation in a Small Case Control Study.
Hee Sun KIM ; Jung Hyun LIM ; Hyojin PARK ; Sang In LEE
Yonsei Medical Journal 2010;51(1):45-51
PURPOSE: Postinfectiously irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) develops in 3-30% of individuals with bacterial gastroenteritis. Recent studies demonstrated increases in inflammatory components in gut mucosa of PI-IBS patients even after complete resolution of infection. We aimed to investigate histological changes in colon and rectum of PI-IBS subjects after long term period of infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We recruited PI-IBS subjects who had been diagnosed IBS after complete resolution of enteritis caused by shigellosis outbreak 3 years earlier. We compared unmatched four groups, PI-IBS (n = 4), non PI-IBS (n = 7), D-IBS (n = 7, diarrhea predominant type) and healthy controls (n = 10). All of them underwent colonoscopic biopsy at three areas, including descending colon (DC), sigmoid colon (SC) and rectum, which were assessed for 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)/peptide YY (PYY)-containing enterochromaffin (EC) cell, intraepithelial (IEL) and lamina propria T lymphocyte (CD3), CD8 lymphocytes, mast cells and CD68/calprotectin+ macrophages. RESULTS: All subjects had no structural or gross abnormalities at colonoscopy. In PI-IBS, 5-HT containing EC cells, PYY containing EC cells, IELs, CD3 lymphocytes, CD8 lymphocytes, mast cells, and CD68 + macrophages were increased compared to control (p < 0.05). In D-IBS, PYY containing EC cells, IELs, and CD3 lymphocytes were increased compared to control (p < 0.05). In PI-IBS, 5-HT containing EC cells tended to increase and PYY containing EC cells, CD8 lymphocytes, mast cells, and CD68+ macrophages were increased compared to non PI-IBS (p < 0.05). Calprotectin + marcrophages were decreased in PI-IBS, non PI-IBS and IBS compared to control. CONCLUSION: The immunoendocrine cells were sporadically increased in PI-IBS, non PI-IBS and D-IBS compared with control. Our findings in a very small number of patients suggest that mucosal inflammation may play a role in long-term PI-IBS, and that other sub-groups of IBS and larger scale studies are needed to confirm this observation.
Adult
;
Antigens, CD/metabolism
;
Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
;
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/cytology
;
Case-Control Studies
;
Colon, Descending/pathology
;
Colon, Sigmoid/pathology
;
Colonoscopy
;
Dysentery, Bacillary/*complications
;
Enterochromaffin Cells/cytology
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Immunohistochemistry
;
Intestinal Mucosa/*pathology
;
Irritable Bowel Syndrome/metabolism/*pathology
;
Macrophages/cytology
;
Male
;
Mast Cells/cytology
;
Peptide YY/metabolism
;
Rectum/pathology
;
Serotonin/metabolism