BACKGROUND: To develop the biodegradability and thermoresponsive hydrogel, in this work we designed a pendant-functionalized, thermoresponsive, amphiphilic block copolymer. METHODS: Methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (MPEG)-b-[poly(ε-caprolactone)-ran-poly(ε-caprolactone-3-one)-ran-polylactic acid] (MCL) and (MPEG-b-[PCL-ran-POD-ran-PLA]) [MCL-(CO)] block copolymers were prepared by ringopening polymerization of ε-caprolactone, OD and lactide monomers. The subsequent derivatization of MCL-(CO) provided MPEG-b-[PCL-ran-poly(ε-caprolactone-3-COOH)-ran-PLA] [MCL-(COOH)] with COOH pendant groups and MPEG-b-[PCL-ran-poly(ε-caprolactone-3-NH2)-ran-PLA] [MCL-(NH2)] with NH2 pendant groups. RESULTS: The measured segment ratios of MCL-(CO), MCL-(COOH), and MCL-(NH2) agreed well with the target ratios. The abundances of the COOH and NH2 groups in the MCL-(COOH) and MCL-(NH2) copolymers were determined by 1H- and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and agreed well with the target abundances. MCL-(CO), MCL-(COOH), and MCL-(NH2) formed homogeneous, white, opaque emulsions at room temperature. Rheological analysis of the block copolymer suspensions indicated a solution-to-hydrogel phase transition as a function of temperature. The solution-to-hydrogel phase transitions and the biodegradation of MCL-(CO), MCL-(COOH), and MCL-(NH2) were affected by varying the type (ketone, COOH, or NH2) and abundance of the pendant groups. CONCLUSION: MCL-(CO), MCL-(COOH), and MCL-(NH2) with ketone, COOH, and NH2 pendant groups showed solution-to-hydrogel phase transitions and biodegradation behaviors that depended on both the type and number of pendant groups.
Emulsions ; Hydrogel ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Phase Transition ; Polymerization ; Polymers ; Suspensions

Separation of Langerhans cells in epidermis of 16 healthy Korean individuals were performcd. Separation of Langerhans cells by density gradient centrifugation on a colloidal sillica(percoll) polyvinilpyrrolidone gradient. And autologous, allogeneic mixed skin cell leukocyte culture reaction was done with each fractionatcd cpidermal cell suspensions. Also lymphocytes, epidermal cells was cultured in media alone, respectively. The results was quantitated by the incorporation of H-thymidine by p-liquid scintillation counter. The densities of I angerhans cells within the epidermal cells, fraction-2 was most higher concentration (22.0+2.8%) and fraction-5 was most lower concentration (3.4+ l.9%). 2. In the comparison of the results of Langehans cells enriched and depleted population in autologous mixed skin cell leukocyte culture reaction, the former was higher than the latter on lymphocyte stimulatory capacity. There was significant differences(p<0.005) And also same as result in allogeneic mixed skin cell leukocyte culture reaction. 3. Langerhans cells enriched fraction in this study was more lymphocyte stimulatory capacity than depleted fraction in allogeneic mixed skin cell leukocyte culture(p<0.01~0.05). Ailogeneic mixed skin cell leukocyte culture reaction was more lymphocyte stimulatory capacity than the autologous(p<0.005~0.05).
Centrifugation, Density Gradient* ; Colloids* ; Epidermis ; Humans* ; Langerhans Cells* ; Leukocytes* ; Lymphocytes ; Scintillation Counting ; Silicon Dioxide* ; Skin* ; Suspensions

Pressure sores are a common complication of hospitalized patients. However, It is often impossible to correct surgically because the general conditions of these patients are poor. It is known that the hydrogel has a powerful autolytic effect by providing moist environments and facilitates wound healing and hydrocolloid dressing is also known to promotes granulation tissue formation and epithelialization. The patients were treated with hydrogel(Purion gel(R), Coloplast A/S, Denmark) and hydrocolloid dressing (Comfeel Plus Transparent Dressing(R), Coloplast A/S, Denmark) after surgical debridement of pressure sores progressed to stage III(n=2) and IV(n=7). This combination treatment could facilitate to debride the nectrotic tissue and promote granulation tissue formation epithelialization simultaneously. We could achieve complete healing of pressure sores using the combination treatment without requiring surgical correction. In conclusion, hydrogel in combination with hydrocolloid dressing is effective in acheiving complete healing of progressed pressure sores.
Bandages, Hydrocolloid* ; Colloids* ; Debridement ; Granulation Tissue ; Humans ; Hydrogel* ; Pressure Ulcer* ; Wound Healing

BACKGROUND: Several studies have suggested that impaired mucociliary clearance plays a role in the pathophysiology of bronchial asthma. Cough productive of mucoid sputum is common, and mucous plugs in the airways are frequently observed. These clinical features are in keeping with the histologic lesions of asthma, which involve primarily the epithelial and mucous-producing structures of the conducting airways. Some studies have shown that the mucociliary clearance is impaired in adult asthma, but it has not been studied in childhood asthma. The objectives of this study were to examine whether the mucociliary clearance is impaired in childhood asthma and to estimate the degree of impairment in comparison with that of immotile cilia syndrome. METHOD: Thirteen children with mild stable asthma and eight patients with immotile cilia syndrome completed this study. Ten healthy children were recruited as a normal control group. The whole-lung mucociliary clearance was measured by the radioaerosol technique. Aerosols, tin colloid particles tagged with the radionuclide technetium-99m(99mTc), were generated by means of nebulizer, and inhaled via a mouthpiece. The retention of radioactivity was measured at 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes by gamma camera, and mucociliary clearance was calculated as percent retention at each time. RESULTS: 1) In each subject, the percent retention decreased variably with the lapse of time. 2) The percent retention of radionuclide decreased at each time in order of normal control, bronchial asthma and immotile cilia syndrome and the percent retention of immotile cilia syndrome was significantly higher than that of normal control at each time(p<0.05). 3) At two hours, the percent retention of bronchial asthma(65.0 1.8(SE)%) was significantly higher than that of the normal control(54.4 3.5%, p<0.05), and significantly lower than that of immotile cilia syndrome(73.3 +/- 1.4%, p<0.01). 4) When the percent retention was analyzed according to PC20 in the children with bronchial asthma, they had no relationship with each other. CONCLUSION: Mucociliary clearance in the children with bronchial asthma was significantly lower than normal control. This finding indicates that impaired mucociliary clearance operates in childhood asthma as well, and suggests that it may be one contributing factor in the pathogenesis of asthma. The degree of impairment, however, was not so severe as immotile cilia syndrome.
Adult ; Aerosols ; Asthma* ; Child* ; Cilia ; Ciliary Motility Disorders ; Colloids ; Cough ; Gamma Cameras ; Humans ; Mucociliary Clearance* ; Nebulizers and Vaporizers ; Radioactivity ; Sputum ; Tin

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Colloids* ; Humans ; Scalp*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Colloids* ; Mice*

No abstract available.
Argyria ; Colloids ; Nails ; Silver

No abstract available.
Argyria ; Colloids ; Nails ; Silver

BACKGROUND: Usually, a malignant intraductal papillary mucinous tumor (IPMT) of the pancreas shows invasive carcinoma. Recently, IPMT with an unusual growth pattern of a fistulous extension was reported. However, little is known about malignant IPMTs with a different growth pattern of invasion and fistulous extension. METHODS: Malignant IPMTs were classified into invasive (colloid or tubular type) carcinomas and the fistulous extension type according to their growth patterns. Their clinicopathological characteristics were compared. RESULTS: Among a total of 68 cases of IPMT, there were 16 cases with malignant IPMT; eight, six and two of the colloid, tubular, and fistulous extension types, respectively. The immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of MUC1 was found in seven out of eight colloid and five out of six tubular types, but there was no IHC expression of MUC1 in the fistulous extension type. The IHC expression of MUC2 was noted in one of the eight colloid, one of the six tubular and in both cases with the fistulous extension type. There was no difference in the tumor recurrence rates bet- ween the different growth patterns. CONCLUSIONS: IPMT with the fistulous extension type has a peculiar extension pattern consisting of multiple fistulous tracts without a mass. Although most of the epithelium in the fistulous tract show moderate to severe dysplasia, only the fistulous extension should be considered to be an unusual growth pattern of malignant IPMT. The clinical significance of this unusual type of IPMT remains to be determined.
Colloids ; Epithelium ; Mucins* ; Pancreas* ; Recurrence

No abstract available.
Colloid Cysts* ; Colloids* ; Lateral Ventricles*