1.Study on simultaneous dosage of morphine and codeine in Opizoic tablets by HPLC
Pharmaceutical Journal 2000;293(9):16-18
After extracting completely morphine and codeine from opizoic tablets with a mixture of 3 volumes of isopropanol and 7 volumes of chloroform, an HPLC method was used to determine simultaneously morphine and codeine in the extracts. The HPLC technique was carried out on the column Lichrosorb (4x250mm, 10m) with diode array detector or UV-detector at =285 nm and a mixture of 42 volumes of 0.24% sodium heptanesulfonat solution adjusted to pH=3.2 by phosphoric acid and 18 volumes of Acetonitrile as mobile phase at flow rate 1.0ml/min. The experimental results proved that the proposed HPLC method was rapid, specific, accurate and precise.
Morphine
;
Codeine
2.Study on simultaneous qualitative and quantitative dosage of morphine and codeine by HPLC
Pharmaceutical Journal 2000;290(6):25-26
After extracting completely morphine and codeine from liquid extract of opinum with a mixture of 3 volumes of isopropanol and 7 volumes of chloroform, an HPLC method was used to determine simultaneously morphine and codeine in the extracts. The HPLC technique was carried out on the column lichrosorb (4x250mm, 10 Mm) with diode array detector or UV- detector at landa = 285 nm and a mixture of 42 volumes of 0.24% sodium heptanesulfonat solution adjusted to pH = 3.2 by phosphoric acid and 18 volumes of Acetonitrile as mobile phase at flow rate 1.0 ml/min. The experimental results proved that the proposed HPLC method was rapid, specific, accurate and precise.
Morphine
;
Codeine
3.Simultaneous determination of 11 opiates in hair by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
Ying-Ying SUN ; Ping XIANG ; Min SHEN
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2011;46(12):1501-1506
The paper reports the establishment of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for simultaneous analysis of 11 opiates in hair samples, and the study of presence of opiates in the hair of active heroin addicts. About 20 mg of decontaminated and pulverized hair sample was hydrolyzed with buffer solution for 30 min, in the presence of morphine-d3 and acetylmorphine-d6 used as internal standards, and then extracted with the mixture of dichlormethane and isopropanol, separated by the Allure PFP propyl column with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 20 mmol L(-1) ammonium acetate buffer, and then analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode was used to analyze 11 opiates. Eleven opiates showed a fairly good linearity over the corresponding range (r > 0.996 0). The detection limits were less than 0.05 ng mg(-1). The recoveries were between 47.2% and 110%, and the deviations of intra- and inter-day precision were less than 14%. Heroin, acetylmorphine, morphine, codeine, acetylcodeine and hydrocodone were detected in hair samples of 21 herion addicts. The developed method shows high sensitivity and selectivity, and is suitable for the simultaneous analysis of 11 opiates in hair samples and identify legal and illegal use of opiates.
Analgesics, Opioid
;
analysis
;
Chromatography, Liquid
;
methods
;
Codeine
;
analogs & derivatives
;
analysis
;
Hair
;
chemistry
;
Heroin
;
analysis
;
Humans
;
Hydrocodone
;
analysis
;
Limit of Detection
;
Morphine
;
analysis
;
Morphine Derivatives
;
analysis
;
Sensitivity and Specificity
;
Substance Abuse Detection
;
methods
;
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
;
methods
4.Determination of opiates in biological human samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
Ping XIANG ; Min SHEN ; Bao-hua SHEN ; Dong MA ; Jun BU ; Yan JIANG ; Xian-yi ZHUO
Journal of Forensic Medicine 2006;22(1):52-57
OBJECTIVE:
Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was developed for the determination of opiates in biological samples according to the emerging problem in drugs abuse.
METHODS:
Opiates such as heroin, 6-acetylmorphine, morphine, codeine, acetylcodeine, hydrocodone and hydromorphone were isolated from human blood, urine, oral fluid and hair using a simple extraction and consequently analyzed using LC-MS/MS. The method was evaluated by real cases.
RESULTS:
The mobile phase give the optimum separation for opiates. The detection limit of morphine in urine with dilution and liquid-liquid extraction and in hair is 10ng/mL, 0.01 ng/mL and 0.01 ng/mg, respectively.
CONCLUSION
The method is simple and rapid, offering superior sensitivity and selectivity for opiates. The target compounds comprising hydrocodone and hydromorphone enlarge the applied area.
Chromatography, Liquid
;
Codeine/analysis*
;
Forensic Medicine/methods*
;
Hair/chemistry*
;
Humans
;
Hydrocodone/analysis*
;
Hydromorphone/analysis*
;
Morphine/analysis*
;
Narcotics/analysis*
;
Reproducibility of Results
;
Saliva/chemistry*
;
Substance Abuse Detection/methods*
;
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
5.Pain Control Effects of Myprodol(R) after Periodontal Surgery and Dental Implant Surgery.
Kyoo Sung CHO ; Jung Hoon LEE ; Hyun Young KIM ; Jong Gin SUH ; Seong Ho CHOI ; Jung Kiu CHAI ; Chong Kwan KIM
The Journal of the Korean Academy of Periodontology 2000;30(1):1-9
Although various analgesics have been administrated for postoperative pain control, postoperative pain has not been adequately controlled . The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects and patient's satisfaction of Myprodol(R)(combination analgesics with codeine, ibuprofen, paracetamol) compared to Acetamionphen and placebo drug after periodontal surgery and dental implant surgery. We studied 98 cases of outpatients which were composed of 67 cases of flap operation(which separated to 3 groups: Placebo group(n=25), Myprodol(R) group(n=22), Acetaminophen group(n=20)) and 21 cases of dental implant surgery(which separated to 3 groups : Placebo group(n=10), Myprodol(R) group(n=12), Acetaminophen group(n=9)). We evaluated the postoperative pain(Pain 1), Pain after first drug administraion(Pain 2), the degrees of pain reduction(pain 3), patient's satisfaction for drug, and side-effects. We obtained following results; 1. In Pain 1, making a comparison among groups, there was no significant difference in both cases of flap operation-group and dental implant surgery-group 2. In Pain 2, establishing a comparison among groups, there was no significant difference in flap operationgroup, but significant difference was seen between placebo group and Myprodol(R) group in cases of dental implant surgery group(P<0.05). 3. In Pain 3, making a comparison among groups, Myprodol(R) group showed significant differences compared to placebo group and Acetaminophen group in both cases of flap operation group and dental implant surgery group(P<0.05). 4. In patient's satisfactory score, making a comparison among groups, there were significant differences between placebo group and Myprodol(R) group in cases of flap operation group and between Myprodol(R) group and Acetaminophen group in cases of dental implant surgery group(P<0.05). 5. Making a comparison in side-dffect, no significant differrence was seen. Our conclusion is that Myprodol(R) is a effective oral analgesics to the patients who underwent periodontal surgery or implant surgery for it's synergism among three dugs.
Acetaminophen
;
Analgesics
;
Codeine
;
Dental Implants*
;
Humans
;
Ibuprofen
;
Outpatients
;
Pain, Postoperative
6.The Effectiveness of Myprodol(R) on the Post-tonsillectomy Pain Control and Time to Return to Normal Daily Activities.
Jong Bin KIM ; Sung Wan KIM ; Myung Keun CHANG ; Joong Saeng CHO
Korean Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 2005;48(4):506-510
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Pain is one of most troublesome discomfort after tonsillectomy. Although various analgesics have been administrated for pain control, it has not been effectively controlled until now. This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of Myprodol(R) codein combination analgesics, on the pain control and time to return to normal daily activities. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Ninety adult patients undergoing tonsillectomy were included in this study. Patients were randomly divided into a Myprodol(R) group (n=30), a NSAID group (n=30) and a codeine group (n=30). They received Myprodol(R) NSAID and codeine, respectively, from the 3rd to 14th postoperative days. On the 1st, 7th and 14th postoperative days, which consisted of rising, breakfast, lunch and supper time, we assessed pain intensity by visual analogue scale. And on the 21st postoperative day, we investigated time to return to normal daily activities and adverse effects of analgesics. RESULTS: When pain intensity on the 1st postoperative day was compared, there was no significant difference among 3 groups. On the 7th postoperative day, the Myprodol(R) group showed significant pain decrease compared with the codeine group but did not with the NSAID group. On the 14th postoperative day, the Myprodol(R) group showed significant pain decrease compared with both NSAID and codeine groups. The Myprodol(R) group also showed shortened recovery time compared with the others and there was no significant adverse effects in any of the groups. CONCLUSION: We find that Myprodol(R) is an effective and safe oral analgesics for pain control and shortens time to return to normal daily activities.
Adult
;
Analgesics
;
Breakfast
;
Codeine
;
Humans
;
Lunch
;
Meals
;
Tonsillectomy
7.Nonpigmenting Fixed Drug Eruption due to Codeine.
Yunseok CHOI ; Won Suk LIM ; Sang Yun JIN ; Joon Ho LEE ; Seung Ho LEE ; Ai Young LEE
Korean Journal of Dermatology 2011;49(9):822-825
Fixed drug eruption is a distinctive and clinically recognizable entity that is characterized by well-demarcated erythematous plaques recurring in exactly the same sites as on previous occasions. Unlike the pigmenting form of fixed drug eruption, nonpigmenting fixed drug eruption leaves no pigmentation when it resolves. We now report the case of a 44-year-old man who presented with diffuse ill-defined erythematous patches on both hands, feet and lower legs with a burning sensation, which is considered an atypical manifestation for fixed drug eruption. The patient had a history of similar skin lesions developing after medications on the corresponding regions. The patch test with suspected drugs showed negative reactions on both lesions and unaffected sites. The lesions were reproduced on the oral provocation test with codeine and resolved without pigmentation. The patient was diagnosed with nonpigmenting fixed drug eruption due to codeine.
Adult
;
Burns
;
Codeine
;
Drug Eruptions
;
Foot
;
Hand
;
Humans
;
Leg
;
Patch Tests
;
Pigmentation
;
Sensation
;
Skin
8.The Efficacy of Inhaled Corticosteroid on Chronic Idiopathic Cough.
Boram HAN ; Seung Hun JANG ; Yu Jin KIM ; Sunghoon PARK ; Yong Il HWANG ; Dong Gyu KIM ; Cheol Hong KIM ; In Gyu HYUN ; Ki Suck JUNG
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2009;67(5):422-429
BACKGROUND: The discomfort caused by chronic cough, that is persistent for more than 3 weeks, causes a number of patients to seek medical attention. However, the underlying disorder often remains undetermined despite thorough examinations, and is considered to be idiopathic. This study compared the efficacy of inhaled corticosteroid with conventional cough suppressants on chronic idiopathic cough. METHODS: Eligible patients with chronic idiopathic cough were randomly assigned to either the inhaled fluticasone group or the codeine plus levodropropizine oral administration group. The subjects in each group took their planned medication for 2 weeks. After the trial, comparative analyses of outcomes were performed in terms of the remnant cough (%) at the end of treatment, drug compliance, and adverse drug events. RESULTS: Seventy-seven patients were enrolled in this randomized trial; 38 to the inhaled fluticasone group and 39 to the codeine plus levodropropizine group. The remnant cough was 41.0+/-35.8% in the inhaled fluticasone group, and 32.4+/-32.0% in the codeine+levodropropizine group (p=0.288). Drug compliance was 95.4+/-7.4% and 81.8+/-18.6% in the inhaled fluticasone and the codeine+levodropropizine group, respectively (p<0.001). Nine patients had adverse drug events in the codeine+levodropropizine group compared to one in the inhaled fluticasone group (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Short-term inhaled corticosteroid is not inferior to conventional antitussive agents in controlling chronic idiopathic cough without significant adverse events.
Administration, Oral
;
Androstadienes
;
Antitussive Agents
;
Codeine
;
Compliance
;
Cough
;
Drug Toxicity
;
Humans
;
Propylene Glycols
;
Fluticasone
9.The Efficacy of Inhaled Corticosteroid on Chronic Idiopathic Cough.
Boram HAN ; Seung Hun JANG ; Yu Jin KIM ; Sunghoon PARK ; Yong Il HWANG ; Dong Gyu KIM ; Cheol Hong KIM ; In Gyu HYUN ; Ki Suck JUNG
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2009;67(5):422-429
BACKGROUND: The discomfort caused by chronic cough, that is persistent for more than 3 weeks, causes a number of patients to seek medical attention. However, the underlying disorder often remains undetermined despite thorough examinations, and is considered to be idiopathic. This study compared the efficacy of inhaled corticosteroid with conventional cough suppressants on chronic idiopathic cough. METHODS: Eligible patients with chronic idiopathic cough were randomly assigned to either the inhaled fluticasone group or the codeine plus levodropropizine oral administration group. The subjects in each group took their planned medication for 2 weeks. After the trial, comparative analyses of outcomes were performed in terms of the remnant cough (%) at the end of treatment, drug compliance, and adverse drug events. RESULTS: Seventy-seven patients were enrolled in this randomized trial; 38 to the inhaled fluticasone group and 39 to the codeine plus levodropropizine group. The remnant cough was 41.0+/-35.8% in the inhaled fluticasone group, and 32.4+/-32.0% in the codeine+levodropropizine group (p=0.288). Drug compliance was 95.4+/-7.4% and 81.8+/-18.6% in the inhaled fluticasone and the codeine+levodropropizine group, respectively (p<0.001). Nine patients had adverse drug events in the codeine+levodropropizine group compared to one in the inhaled fluticasone group (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Short-term inhaled corticosteroid is not inferior to conventional antitussive agents in controlling chronic idiopathic cough without significant adverse events.
Administration, Oral
;
Androstadienes
;
Antitussive Agents
;
Codeine
;
Compliance
;
Cough
;
Drug Toxicity
;
Humans
;
Propylene Glycols
;
Fluticasone
10.Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in Polymedicated Patient Treated With Radiotherapy.
Remedios PEREZ-CALDERON ; M Angeles GONZALO-GARIJO ; Silvia CORRALES-VARGAS ; Gloria JIMENEZ-FERRERA ; Isabel RODRIGUEZ-NEVADO ; Mario DIAZ-DELGADO
Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research 2015;7(2):199-201
Temozolomide is an oral alkylating agent indicated for the treatment of patients with glioblastoma multiforme concomitantly with radiotherapy and subsequently as monotherapy treatment. We report the case of a patient who developed toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) while she was being treated with chemoradiotherapy and several drugs. Cutaneous tests were performed with the drugs involved with negative result. Although the occurrence of TEN contraindicates suspected drug readministration, we based the decision to perform the controlled administration of temozolomide on the following reasons: (1) the poor prognosis of the underlying disease, (2) the lack of therapeutic alternatives, (3) the suspicion that other drugs taken by the patient simultaneously may be responsible (as anticonvulsants and trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole [TMP-SMX]), and (4) temozolomide was the first choice for treating the patient's disease. The administration of a cumulative dose of 60 mg of temozolomide caused a slight skin reaction. Given this result, we conducted controlled administration of other drugs involved. Dexamethasone, codeine, omeprazole and levetiracetam were well tolerated. However, TMP-SMX produced a similar reaction to that caused by temozolomide. In conclusion, we present the first case of TEN induced by temozolomide and TMP-SMX associated with cranial radiotherapy confirmed by controlled administration. Radiotherapy in combination with these drugs could have favored TEN, as some authors have postulated, but we cannot prove this.
Anticonvulsants
;
Chemoradiotherapy
;
Codeine
;
Dexamethasone
;
Drug Hypersensitivity
;
Glioblastoma
;
Humans
;
Omeprazole
;
Prognosis
;
Radiotherapy*
;
Skin
;
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome*
;
Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination