A Bacillus stearothermophilus var. calidolactis C953 tube test was evaluated for its ability in detecting the residue of selected anticoccidial drugs in poultry, specically sulfamethazine, furazolidone, and amprolium. Various concentrations of each drug were injected into chicken liver and kidney tissues and these tissues were tested to determine the drug detection limits for each drug. The detection limit was defined as the drug concentration at which 95% of the test results were interpreted as positive. The limits of detection in liver tissue were 0.35 microgram/ml for furazolidone, 0.70 microgram/ml for sulfamethazine and 7.80 microgram/ ml for amprolium. In kidney tissues, they were 0.30 microgram/ml for furazolidone, 0.54 microgram/ml for sulfamethazine, and 7.6 microgram/ml for amprolium. It was concluded that this tube test could be used to screen for the residue of these three drugs in poultry.
Amprolium/analysis ; Animals ; Bacillus stearothermophilus/*drug effects ; Coccidiostats/*analysis ; Drug Residues/*analysis ; Furazolidone/analysis ; Kidney/chemistry ; Liver/chemistry ; *Poultry ; Sulfamethazine/analysis

Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) was employed to compare the proteome of Diclazuril-resistance Eimeria tenella with that of sensitive strains for identifying unique proteins of these stains. 5 protein spots were found to express differentially. Four spots which remarkably were measured by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The data obtained from peptide mass fingerprinting were used in NCBInr database search, two protein spots in gel were identified as Eimeria tenella sporulated oocyst TA4 antigen protein, Heat shock 70kD protein, two protein spots were functional proteins of Eukaryote. These proteins are potentially basic work for finding molecular mechanism about drug-resistance of Eimeria tenella and new marker in the detection of resistance of Eimeria tenella.
Animals ; Antigens, Protozoan ; analysis ; genetics ; Chickens ; Coccidiostats ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance ; genetics ; Eimeria tenella ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; analysis ; genetics ; Nitriles ; pharmacology ; Oocysts ; metabolism ; Proteome ; analysis ; genetics ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; Triazines ; pharmacology