No abstract available.
Administration, Intravenous* ; Cervix Uteri* ; Cisplatin* ; Female ; Fluorouracil*

Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a novel cancer treatment in which electric pulses (EPs) inducing cell membrane pored (electroporation) are used as a means of delivering antitumor drugs to the cytoplasm of cancer cells. The minimal thresholds of electric field strength of in vitro tumor cell line and tumor tissue are 450-650 V/cm and 400-600 V/cm, respectively. The typical electrical requirement is 600-1300 V/cm, pulse width of 100 micros, 8 pulses, 1 Hz. More than 10 kinds of antitumor drugs have been applied to ECT, in which the most efficacious drug is Bleomycin, and then Cisplatin. Some exciting inhibitory effects on cells in vitro and on solid tumors in clinical trials have been noticed. The factors influencing ECT effects include the electric parameters, diameter of electrode, distribution of electric field lines, size of tumor, model of drugs injection and kinds of drugs. Some questions of ECT are still open, such as the dosages and kinds of drugs for clinical trials, model of drug injection, influence on normal tissues, therapeutic mechanism.
Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; administration & dosage ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Bleomycin ; administration & dosage ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; Electric Stimulation Therapy ; methods ; Electrochemistry ; Electroporation ; methods ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the targeted distribution of cis-platin magnetic nanoparticles (CDDP-MNP) in normal mice.

METHODSThirty-two normal mice were randomly assigned into 4 equal groups. External magnetic field of 4100-4200 Gs was established in the unilateral kidney area of each mouse, and CDDP-MNP was administered via the tail vein, with the external magnetic field maintained in groups A, B, C, and D for 30 min and 1, 2 and 4 h after the injection, respectively. A flame atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) was used to detect CDDP concentration in the mouse kidney tissues. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Prussian blue staining, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to detect the distribution of the magnetic nanoparticles in vivo.

RESULTSIn groups A, B and C, the concentrations of CDDP in the targeted kidney tissues increased significantly in comparison with those in non-targeted kidney. The signal intensity of the targeted kidney tissue was lower than that of the non-targeted kidney on T2-weighted MR images. TEM and Prussian blue staining demonstrated MNP distribution in the lumens and endothelial cells of the blood capillary in the kidney tissue.

CONCLUSIONCDDP-MNP allows targeted distribution induced by external magnetic field in normal mice after intravenous injection.

Animals ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Female ; Magnetics ; Male ; Mice ; Nanoparticles ; administration & dosage ; Random Allocation ; Tissue Distribution

Effects of different procedures of magnetic nanoparticles into the liposome structure on the distribution of magnetic particles in the liposome were investigated. Magnetic liposomes with high-encapsulating rate of cisplatin (CDDP) were obtained. Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles which was modified by organic functional group on surface was synthesized by an one-step modified hydrothermal method. The CDDP magnetic liposomes were prepared by a film scattering-ultrasonic technique and the concentrations of CDDP in the liposomes were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorbance spectroscopy. Magnetic liposomes with different microstructure were prepared by the two different procedures, where the magnetic particles were combined with phospholipid before the film preparation to form liposome in procedure I, and drug solution and the magnetic particles were mixed before hydrating the lipids film to form liposome in procedure II. The liposome structure was observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The CDDP magnetic liposomes were prepared by the optimized method which was selected by orthogonal test. Encapsulation rate of the magnetic particles distributed in the phospholipid bilayer through the procedure I was 34.90%. While liposome, produced by the procedure II technique, contained magnetic particles in the interior aqueous compartment, which encapsulation rate was 28.34%. Encapsulation rates of both I and II were higher than that of conventional liposome. The release profile of all the three different liposomes in vitro fitted with a first-order equation. Because of distribution of magnetic particles in the phospholipid bilayer, the skeleton of phospholipid bilayer was changed. The releasing tl/2 of magnetic liposomes produced by the procedure I technique is 9 h, which is shorter than that of the other two liposomes. Assemble of magnetic nanoparticles into the structure of liposome was succeeded by the procedure I, which showed superiority than by procedure II whatever in CDDP liposome encapsulation efficiency and content of the magnetic particles and would ensure sustained-release character.
Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Ferrosoferric Oxide ; chemistry ; Liposomes ; chemistry ; Magnetite Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; Nanoconjugates ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Particle Size

OBJECTIVETo assess the efficacy and safety of compound matrine injection combined with cisplatin chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer.

METHODIt was searched relevant randomized Controlled trials (RCTs) from Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, CBM, and CNKI etc. The search was finished in February 11, 2010. And it was traced the related references and experts in this field, besides it was also communicated with other authors in order to obtain some certain information that had not been found. RCTs of compound matrine injection combined with cisplatin chemotherapy versus cisplatin chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer were included. It was evaluated the quality of these included studies and analyzed data by Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.0 software.

RESULTTen RCTs were included meta analysis results suggested that compared with chemotherapy alone, the combination had a statistically significant benefit in healing efficacy (OR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.26-3.13, P < 0.05) and improving quality of life (OR = 3.83, 95% CI: 2.38-6.15, P < 0.001). Besides, the combination also had a statistically significant benefit in myelosuppression, white blood cell (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.32-0.62, P < 0.001), hematoblast (OR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.26-0.60, P < 0.001), liver function (OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.15-0.75, P < 0.05) and in reducing the gastroenteric reaction (OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.16-0.63, P = 0.001), decreasing the of CD3 ( MD = 2.96, 95% CI: 1.724. 20, P < 0.001), CD4 (MD = 9.04, 95% CI: 7.87-10.20, P < 0.001), CD4/CD8 (MD = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.41-0.54, P < 0.001) and NK cells (MD = 5.90, 95% CI: 4.53-7.26, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONCompared with cisplatin chemotherapy, compound matrine injection combined with cisplatin chemotherapy can significantly improve the efficiency, QOL and myelosuppression, and reduce adverse events.

Alkaloids ; administration & dosage ; Bone Marrow ; drug effects ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Injections ; Quality of Life ; Quinolizines ; administration & dosage ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; immunology

No abstract available.
Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Benzenesulfonates/administration & dosage ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/mortality/*therapy ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Cisplatin/administration & dosage ; Fluorouracil/administration & dosage ; Humans ; Infusions, Intra-Arterial ; Liver Neoplasms/mortality/*therapy ; Middle Aged ; Pyridines/administration & dosage ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of a phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxynucleotide "ASOND" combined with cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum (DDP), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and adriamycin (ADM) respectively on inhibiting the proliferation of HepG2 cells.

METHODSA phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (5'-ACTCACTCAGG CCTCAGACT-3') targeted to human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA, which named cantide, was synthesized. ASODN was transfected into HepG2 by lipofectin. And cell growth activity was evaluated by MTT assay. SAS software and Jin Zhengjun Method were used to evaluate the interaction of ASODN and these chemotherapeutic drugs.

RESULTSCombination treatments with 0.1micromol/L ASODN reduced the IC50 of DDP, 5-FU and ADM from 1.07, 4.15 and 0.29microg/ml to 0.25, 1.52 and 0.12microg/ml respectively. The inhibitory ability of combination treatments on HepG2 cells was higher than that of these drugs alone (F=66.92, 25.96, 8.56, P<0.001). And synergism (Q>or=1.15) was observed at the lower concentration of DDP (

CONCLUSIONASODN may enhance therapeutic effectiveness of chemotherapeutic drugs in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Doxorubicin ; administration & dosage ; Drug Synergism ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense ; administration & dosage ; Telomerase ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Arsenicals ; administration & dosage ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; Doxorubicin ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oxides ; administration & dosage

BACKGROUNDA phase III trial involving docetaxel, cisplatin, and fluorouracil (DCF) in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer was shown to have superior efficacy compared to cisplatin and fluorouracil alone, but with a high rate of hematologic toxicity. To reduce toxicity while maintaining the efficacy of DCF, we reduced the doses of docetaxel (D) and cis-platinum (CDDP), and administered 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) via a continuous intravenous (CIV) infusion.

METHODSChemotherapy-naive patients with gastric adenocarcinomas received D (60 mg/m(2) 1 hour on day 1), CDDP (30 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 2), and 5-FU (1500 mg×m(-2)×24 h(-1) CIV on days 1 and 8 every 3 weeks). The primary endpoint was the response rate.

RESULTSFourteen patients were enrolled. Based on the efficacy evaluation following at least 2 cycles of treatment, there was 7.1% complete remission (CR), 71% partial remission (PR), 14% stable disease (NC/SD), and 7.1% progressive disease (PD). The median survival time was 13 months. Nine patients (64%) had grade III-IV neutropenia, and 4 patients (29%) had grade IV neutropenia, among whom 1 had grade IV neutropenia with grade III nausea and vomiting.

CONCLUSIONThe modified DCF regimen is highly active and has a favorable toxicity profile in Chinese patients with gastric cancer.

Adenocarcinoma ; drug therapy ; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; administration & dosage ; Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Taxoids ; administration & dosage

OBJECTIVE: Rikkunshito, an herbal medicine, is widely prescribed in Japan for the treatment of anorexia and functional dyspepsia, and has been reported to recover reductions in food intake caused by cisplatin. We investigated whether rikkunshito could improve chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and anorexia in patients treated with cisplatin. METHODS: Patients with uterine cervical or corpus cancer who were to receive cisplatin (50 mg/m² day 1) and paclitaxel (135 mg/m² day 0) as first-line chemotherapy were randomly assigned to the rikkunshito group receiving oral administration on days 0–13 with standard antiemetics, or the control group receiving antiemetics only. The primary endpoint was the rate of complete control (CC: no emesis, no rescue medication, and no significant nausea) in the overall phase (0–120 hours). Two-tailed p<0.20 was considered significant in the planned analysis. RESULTS: The CC rate in the overall phase was significantly higher in the rikkunshito group than in the control group (57.9% vs. 35.3%, p=0.175), as were the secondary endpoints: the CC rate in the delayed phase (24–120 hours), and the complete response (CR) rates (no emesis and no rescue medication) in the overall and delayed phases (63.2% vs. 35.3%, p=0.095; 84.2% vs. 52.9%, p=0.042; 84.2% vs. 52.9%, p=0.042, respectively), and time to treatment failure (p=0.059). Appetite assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) appeared to be superior in the rikkunshito group from day 2 through day 6. CONCLUSION: Rikkunshito provided additive effect for the prevention of CINV and anorexia.
Administration, Oral ; Anorexia* ; Antiemetics ; Appetite ; Cisplatin* ; Drug Therapy ; Dyspepsia ; Eating ; Herbal Medicine* ; Humans ; Japan ; Nausea* ; Paclitaxel* ; Time-to-Treatment ; Vomiting*