Objective To observe the ultrastructure changes of detrusor of urinary bladder following partial outlet obstruction. Methods 14 New Zealand white male rabbits were divided into "A" and "B" group.The "A" group rabbits underwent operation to induce bladder outlet obstruction,"B" group rabbits served as controls.The ultrastructures including rough endoplactmic reticulum and mitochondrion of detrusor cell of each bladder were examined after 5 weeks. Results The average area of rough endoplactmic reticulum in the obstructed group was (5.377?2.318) ?m 2 in each unit cytoplasm area (115.28 ?m 2) versus (0.476?0.319) ?m 2 in the controls ( P

BACKGROUNDTo explore the clinicopathological changes of non-small cell lung cancer tissues after neoadjuvant chemotherapy with MVP (MMC+VDS+DDP) regimen and its concordance with clinical evaluation, and to study the clinical value of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

METHODSA total of 84 patients with NSCLC were randomized into combinated therapy group (42 cases) and surgical group (42 cases). The combinated therapy group were given MVP regimen for 2 cycles before operation and 2-4 cycles after operation, however, the surgical group only received surgical treatment. The efficacy of preoperative chemotherapy were determined by pathologic examination under light microscope and electron microscope and clinical evaluation.

RESULTSCombinated therapy group showed various degrees of degeneration and necrosis of tumor cells, which was not found in surgical group. The overall response rate of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 59.5% (25/42) by both pathological and clinical evaluation. The coincidence ratio of the two evaluation methods was 71.4% (Kappa value=0.407,P < 0.01). Between the two groups, there was a significant difference in total survival rate (P=0.047). And further analysis showed that survival rate was remarkably different in patients with stage III between the two groups (P=0.037), but not in those with stage I and II (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSDegeneration and necrosis with fibrosis are the main pathological phenotypes of the primary lesion after induction chemotherapy, which can be showed by clinical evaluation to chemotherapy efficacy. The preoperative and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy may be benefical to patients with stage-III NSCLC.

OBJECTIVE: To observe effects of arginine on art erial endothelium injured by ischemia-reperfusion (IR), and explore its possibl e mechanism. METHODS: Fifty-four rats were divided into 3 groups and treate d in respective ways: (1) drinking tap water as the control; (2) drinking tap wa ter containing 2.5% L-arginine; (3) drinking tap water containing 2.5% L-arginine together with intraperitoneal injection of N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methylester 5 mg/kg/d. A segment of the common carotid artery was occluded for 1 h, and then reperfused. Samples taken at different post-IR t ime from the segment were prepared for the ultrastructural and Ce-H(2)O(2) cyto chemical observation. The naked index (NI) of internal elastic lamina (IEL) was measured for comparing the endothelial injure extent and its repair process. RESULTS: Less damage of endothelial cells (EC), more platelets adhering to naked IEL and more regenerating EC were observed in Group 2. The NI values of samples taken at 1, 2, 3 d after the IR were respectively 0.92plus minus0.08, 0.88plus minus0.03 and 0.41plus minus0.02 in Group 1, and reduced to 0.52plus minus0.05, 0.19plus minus0.08 and 0.06plus minus0.01 in Grou p 2 (P<0.05-0.01). In Group 3, the endothelium da mage was not alleviated, and so were the NI. The Ce-H(2)O(2) particles deposite d on the lumen surface of endothelium were much less in Group 2 than in Groups 1 and 3. CONCLUSIONS: L-arginine promotes the repair process of IR-in jured endothelium probably through the removal of oxygen free radicals by NO.