1.Sex differences in large artery atherosclerotic stroke, a Korean study
Cindy W Yoon ; Hee-Kwon Park ; Joung-Ho Rha
Neurology Asia 2016;21(4):311-316
Background & Objective: Sex differences in cerebral atherosclerosis and subsequent stroke have
not been thoroughly investigated and conflicting data exist. The aim of this study was to investigate
sex differences in the risk factors and distribution of large artery atherosclerotic stroke in a Korean
population. Methods: We included consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients with symptomatic
extracranial atherosclerosis (ECAS) or intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS) based on brain and vascular
imaging who presented at our hospital between January 2011 and December 2015. We then compared
risk factor profiles and the proportion of symptomatic ECAS and ICAS between men and women.
Results: Eight hundred and forty four patients were enrolled during the study period. The proportion
of ECAS in men was notably higher than in women (19.4% in men vs. 9.3% in women; p < 0.001).
A multiple regression analysis showed that male gender was a factor favoring ECAS (vs. ICAS, odds
ratio [OR], 3.554; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.175-5.808; p < 0.001). Age (OR, 1.051; 95% CI,
1.031-1.072; p = 0.001) and hyperlipidemia (OR, 2.330; 95% CI, 1.538-3.529; p < 0.001) were also
factors favoring ECAS. However, after stratification by sex, the association was only significant in men.
Conclusions: There is a sex difference in the distribution of atherosclerotic stroke. Sex may be an
effect modifier of the association between atherosclerotic risk factors and atherosclerotic distribution.
Stroke
2.Recent advances in ischemic stroke management.
Journal of the Korean Medical Association 2016;59(10):775-784
There have been recent advances in the hyperacute treatment and secondary prevention of ischemic stroke. Thrombolysis with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator has been approved for a 3 to 4.5 hour time window, but the recent controversy over the optimal dose has not been resolved. Five endovascular trials published in 2015 have shown dramatically positive results. Regarding secondary prevention of ischemic stroke, a study suggesting the beneficial effect of a short course of dual antiplatelet therapy has been published. Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulation agents have been approved for stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Here, we review these recent advances in ischemic stroke management.
Anticoagulants
;
Atrial Fibrillation
;
Endovascular Procedures
;
Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
;
Secondary Prevention
;
Stroke*
;
Tissue Plasminogen Activator
4.Stroke in Women: A Review Focused on Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Outcomes
Cindy W. YOON ; Cheryl D. BUSHNELL
Journal of Stroke 2023;25(1):2-15
Stroke is a particularly important issue for women. Women account for over half of all persons who experienced a stroke. The lifetime risk of stroke is higher in women than in men. In addition, women have worse stroke outcomes than men. Several risk factors have a higher association with stroke in women than in men, and women-specific risk factors that men do not have should be considered. This focused review highlights recent findings in stroke epidemiology, risk factors, and outcomes in women.
5.Congenital Nystagmus in Turner Syndrome
Haein BAK ; Sangwon LEE ; Dan A OH ; Cindy W YOON
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2018;36(1):52-54
No abstract available.
Nystagmus, Congenital
;
Turner Syndrome
6.Ischemic Stroke Caused by Spontaneous Subclavian Artery Dissection
Woochang CHUN ; Haein BAK ; Sangwon LEE ; Dan A OH ; Cindy W YOON
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2018;36(4):393-395
No abstract available.
Stroke
;
Subclavian Artery
8.Adverse Effects of 24 Hours of Sleep Deprivation on Cognition and Stress Hormones.
Eun Yeon JOO ; Cindy W YOON ; Dae Lim KOO ; Daeyoung KIM ; Seung Bong HONG
Journal of Clinical Neurology 2012;8(2):146-150
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The present study was designed to investigate whether 24 h of SD negatively affects the attention and working memory and increases the serum concentrations of stress hormones, glucose, and inflammatory markers. METHODS: The acute effects of sleep deprivation (SD) on cognition and the stress hormones were evaluated in six healthy volunteers (all men, age 23-27 years). All were good sleepers, had no history of medical or neuropsychiatric diseases, and were not taking any kind of medication. All of the volunteers were subjected to the Continuous Performance Test (CPT) for attention and working memory of cognition and blood tests both before and after 24 h of SD. Electroencephalographic monitoring was performed during the study to confirm the wakefulness of the subjects. RESULTS: SD significantly elevated the serum concentrations of stress hormones (cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine), but serum levels of glucose and inflammatory markers were not changed compared to baseline. For easier steps of the CPT the subjects performed well in giving correct responses after SD; the correct response scores decreased only at the most difficult step of the CPT. However, the subjects performed consistently poor for the error responses at all steps after SD. There was no correlation between the CPT scores and stress hormone levels. CONCLUSIONS: The 24 h of SD significantly heightened the levels of stress hormones and lowered attention and working memory. The acute SD condition seems to render the subject more susceptible to making errors.
Cognition
;
Epinephrine
;
Glucose
;
Hematologic Tests
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Memory, Short-Term
;
Sleep Deprivation
;
Wakefulness
9.Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency Caused by Lateral Head Tilting.
Jaechun HWANG ; Pamela SONG ; Soo kyoung RYU ; Cindy W YOON ; Dae Won SEO
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2009;27(4):388-392
Vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) in rotatory vertebral artery occlusion syndrome can be caused by voluntary head turning in the yaw plane. We report a case of VBI for head tilting in the roll plane. Transcranial Doppler on left head tilting resulted in decreased blood flow in both vertebral arteries. A CT angiogram revealed that the stenotic left vertebral artery was very close to an enlarged thyroid gland, suggesting mechanical compression of the vertebral artery during head tilt.
Head
;
Thyroid Gland
;
Vertebral Artery
;
Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency
;
Vertigo
10.Hemichorea following Temporo-Parietal Infarction.
Dan A OH ; Eungseok LEE ; Soo Jeong KIM ; Hee Kwon PARK ; Joung Ho RHA ; Cindy W YOON
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2016;34(2):130-132
Hemichorea after cortical infarction has rarely been reported. We report a female patient in which hemichorea of the right extremities developed following a left temporo-parietal infarction. An acute infarction in the territory of the inferior division of the left middle cerebral artery was evident in diffusion-weighted imaging, but the basal ganglia, thalamus, and brainstem appeared normal. Her choreic movement gradually improved after administering haloperidol, and the hemichorea disappeared after 4 days.
Basal Ganglia
;
Brain Stem
;
Chorea
;
Extremities
;
Female
;
Haloperidol
;
Humans
;
Infarction*
;
Middle Cerebral Artery
;
Thalamus