Recent cataract surgery has a trend to use clear corneal incision that does not require conjunctival peritomy and has fewer complications such as hyphema and ciliary body damage etc. Clear corneal incision also provides less corneal astigmatism and thereby better naked visual acuity. However the side effects of clear corneal incision such as includes wound leakage and associated endophthalmitis, endothelisal cell damage, irregular corneal astigmatism and instability of wounds have been reported continuously. Thus, we have introduced the 3.5mm sized mid limbal incision technique which may compensate the above complications and have rapid visual rehabilitation. Postoperative corneal astigmatism and uncorrected visual acuity of patients with clear corneal incision were compared with the results of scleral pocket incision. The corneal astigmatic changes of both group showed trivial against- the-rule change(0.44-0.12D) in early post operative period. Mid limbal incision group presented a little highter against-the-rule change at post operative 1 wee, but no significiant diffeence was noted sice postoperative 1 month. Uncorrected visual acuity showed no difference between two groups. From these results, we conclude mid limbal incision is an effective procedure that can compensate the disadvantage of both clear corenal incision and scleral pocket incision.
Astigmatism ; Cataract* ; Ciliary Body ; Endophthalmitis ; Humans ; Hyphema ; Rehabilitation ; Visual Acuity ; Wounds and Injuries

The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of tolerance of the rabbit's eye when UNI-IOL, prototype of posterior intraocular lens, manufactured in Korea was implanted into the rabbit's eye in comparison with that of the rabbit's eye when IOLAB-IOL manufactured in U.S.A. was implanted. Twenty two eyes of 22 rabbits were operated with extracapsular lens extraction using Healon(R). IOLAB-IOL was implanted into the 11 eyes(Group 1) while UNI-IOL was implanted into another 11 eyes(Group 2). Clinical observation was performed for 5 months and corneal thickness and endothelial cell density were measured. Several eyes were enucleated and their ultrastructural changes were observed with light and electron microscopes. The results are as follows: 1. Clinical observation by slit lamp biomicroscope revealed that inflammatory reaction in the anterior chamber in group 1 and 2 decreased gradually until post operative 10th day and almost disappeared by the post-operative 14 th day. With regard to postoperative complication, there were 2 cases of hyphema in group 1 and 1 case in group 2 and 1 case of wound leaking in group 2 in the early stage. In the later stage, 2 cases of posterior synechia in each group and 1 case of anterior displacement of optic of PCL in group 2 were observed. 2. Corneal thickness of group 1 and 2 increased by 33.5% and 35.9% respectively on the postoperative 1st day and increased most on the postoperative 3 rd day. Then it began to decrease and reached the level of 17.2% and 21.7% respectively on the postoperative 7th day. After 28 days after the operation it decreased to 5.5% and 7.7%, 3 months after the operation 1.5% and 2.4% and 5 months after the operation 1.3% and 2.1% which are almost normal levels. 3. Decreasing rate of endothelial cell density in group 1 and 2 showed 20.2% and 22.7% on the post-operative 4th day, 5.3% and 5.2% on the postoperative 28 th day, 2.8% and 2.7% after 3 months and after 5 months 1.5% and 1.3% respectively. 4. The changes in the corneal thickness and loss of endothelial cell density were not significant statistically between group 1 and 2. 5. Light microscopic finding showed mild chronic inflammatory infiltrates in the stroma of iris and ciliary body in both groups. 6. Scanning electron microscopic finding showed normal hexagonal cell shape with some edema in both groups on the postoperative 14th day while both groups showed normal cell shape without edema 28 days, 3 months and 5 months after the operation. 7. Transmission electron microscopic finding showed no changes in internal structure of endothelial cells 14 days, 28 days, 3 months and 5 months after the operation. In conclusion, the implantation in rabbits eyes of the UNI-IOL showed little difference in clinical and histopathologic findings compared with that of IOLAB-IOL and was well tolerated.
Anterior Chamber ; Cell Shape ; Ciliary Body ; Edema ; Endothelial Cells ; Endothelium, Corneal* ; Hyphema ; Iris ; Korea ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Postoperative Complications ; Rabbits ; Wounds and Injuries

PURPOSE: In this study, we examined the stability of the lens-angle supporter (LAS) for accommodation restoration by comparing intraocular lens (IOL) location, after-cataract and ciliary body damage after cataract surgery in rabbits. METHODS: Eight rabbits were divided into experimental and control groups of four rabbits each. Phacoemulsification and irrigation and aspiration were performed in all rabbits. This was followed by an LAS and IOL insertion in the four experimental rabbits. In the four control rabbits, only an IOL insertion was performed. Six months after the surgery, the location of the IOL, the conditions of the lens capsule and ciliary body were evaluated using a slitl-amp examination and Miyake-Apple view. RESULTS: For the experimental group, the ultrasound biomicroscope results showed normal LAS and IOL positioning in all four cases. According to the slitlamp examination and Miyake-Apple view, the IOL was positioned at the center, with less after-cataract and damage to the ciliary body. For the control group, ultrasound biomicroscope results indicated a higher IOL position than normal, as well as a single case of IOL decentering. According to the slit-lamp examination and Miyake-Apple view, the IOL was decentered with more severe after-cataract and ciliary body damage. CONCLUSIONS: The LAS has the potential to maintain a stable IOL position while producing less after-cataract when used in lens-angle reconstruction for correction of presbyopia. Moreover, LAS implantation incurs less damage to the ciliary body.
Accommodation, Ocular/physiology ; Animals ; Anterior Eye Segment ; Ciliary Body/injuries ; Disease Models, Animal ; Eye Injuries/*surgery ; Lens Capsule, Crystalline/*surgery ; *Lens Implantation, Intraocular ; Microscopy, Acoustic ; *Phacoemulsification ; Rabbits ; *Reconstructive Surgical Procedures

PURPOSE: To determine the pathogenesis of transient myopia after blunt eye trauma. METHODS: In one patient, the refraction of both eyes (the left eye was injured, but the right eye was not) was measured with an autorefractometer. The cycloplegic refraction was measured at the early stage of trauma and again 3 months after the blunt eye injury. The angle and depth of the anterior chamber, the ciliary body, and the choroids were examined by ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) over 3 months. The depth of the anterior chamber, the thickness of the lens, and the axial length were measured by A-scan ultrasonography in both eyes. During the 3 months after the injury, we made comparisons between the menifest and the cycloplegic refractions, the depths of anterior chambers, the thickness of the lenses, the axial lengths, and the UBM-determined appearances of the angles and depths of the anterior chambers, the ciliary bodies, and the choroids in both eyes. RESULTS: We suspect that the depth reduction in the anterior chamber, the increase in anterior to posterior lens diameter, and the edema in the ciliary body are all related to the change in the refractive power following the blunt trauma. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and ultrasonography of the anterior segment in the eye may be helpful to diagnose and confirm changes in the refractive power that occur after trauma.
Adolescent ; Anterior Eye Segment/ultrasonography ; Ciliary Body/*injuries/ultrasonography ; Eye Injuries/*complications ; Female ; Humans ; Microscopy, Acoustic ; Myopia/*etiology/ultrasonography ; Refraction, Ocular ; Uveal Diseases/etiology/ultrasonography ; Visual Acuity ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating/*complications

PURPOSE: To determine the pathogenesis of transient myopia after blunt eye trauma. METHODS: In one patient, the refraction of both eyes (the left eye was injured, but the right eye was not) was measured with an autorefractometer. The cycloplegic refraction was measured at the early stage of trauma and again 3 months after the blunt eye injury. The angle and depth of the anterior chamber, the ciliary body, and the choroids were examined by ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) over 3 months. The depth of the anterior chamber, the thickness of the lens, and the axial length were measured by A-scan ultrasonography in both eyes. During the 3 months after the injury, we made comparisons between the menifest and the cycloplegic refractions, the depths of anterior chambers, the thickness of the lenses, the axial lengths, and the UBM-determined appearances of the angles and depths of the anterior chambers, the ciliary bodies, and the choroids in both eyes. RESULTS: We suspect that the depth reduction in the anterior chamber, the increase in anterior to posterior lens diameter, and the edema in the ciliary body are all related to the change in the refractive power following the blunt trauma. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and ultrasonography of the anterior segment in the eye may be helpful to diagnose and confirm changes in the refractive power that occur after trauma.
Adolescent ; Anterior Eye Segment/ultrasonography ; Ciliary Body/*injuries/ultrasonography ; Eye Injuries/*complications ; Female ; Humans ; Microscopy, Acoustic ; Myopia/*etiology/ultrasonography ; Refraction, Ocular ; Uveal Diseases/etiology/ultrasonography ; Visual Acuity ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating/*complications