Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2(HIPK2)is a member of a member of the serine/threonine protein kinase family which localized in the mucleus.It is not only involved in advanced stage embryogenesis,development of nerve tissue,retina and muscular tissue,but also takes part in regulation of tumor signaling transduction,down-modulated expression of oncogene,induced apoptosis of tumor cells,and inhibited angiogeuesis of tumor.The regulation of HIPK2 in tumor signaling transduction pathway is associated with P53 signaling,Wnt/β-catenin pathway and hypoxia.

HIF-1α, a transcriptional activator regulating cells and tissues' response to hypoxia, can induce expression of a variety of factors and facilitate adaptation to hypoxia. Tumor hypoxic microenvironment and expression of HIF-1α is closely related to the occurrence of colorectal cancer, development, invasion, metastasis and prognosis, which becomes a hot spot in colorectal cancer research. To further clarify the process of colorectal cancer and to explore new treatment methods in colorectal cancer, HIF-1α in colorectal cancer studies was briefly reviewed.

Objective To investigate the values of diffusion tensor MR imaging(DTI)and fiber tractography(FT)in the assessment of cognitive functions in children with periventricular leukomalacia (PVL),to facilitate to understand the mechanism of PVL children's cognitive functions.Methods Forty six children with PVL and 16 age-matched volunters were recruited.Developmental quotient(DQ)of all cases was recorded.According to the DQ scores,patients were divided into 3 groups:mild in 11 patients,moderate in 19,and severe in 16.DTI was performed in all cases and fractional anisotropy(FA)values were be calculated.Non-paired t test was used to compare the FA values of major white matter fibers between patients group and controls group.One-way ANOVA was used to compare the FA values among 4 groups.Results Compared with controls,all 46 patients with PVL showed a significant mean FA reduction in left corticospinal tract(CST)(0.476 ±0.064 vs.0.531 ±0.064),bilateral anterior limb of internal capsula (ICAL)(left 0.357 ±0.050 vs.0.405 ±0.081,right 0.370 ±0.040 vs.0.405 ±0.036),posterior limb of internal capsule(ICPL)(left 0.483 ±0.044 vs.0.546 ±0.091,right 0.485 ±0.046 vs.0.547 ±0.083),arcuate fasciculus(AF)(left 0.367 ± 0.069 vs.0.433 ± 0.097,right 0.363 ± 0.064 vs.0.421 ±0.091),posterior thalamic radiation(PTR)(left 0.390 ± 0.059 vs.0.459 ± 0.067,right 0.382 ± 0.047 vs.0.446 ± 0.064),anterior CG(ACG)(left 0.362 ± 0.056 vs.0.423 ± 0.057,right 0.345 ± 0.056 vs.0.417 ± 0.080),superior longitudinal fasciculus(SLF)(left 0.323 ± 0.050 vs.0.426 ±0.102,right 0.341 ± 0.056 vs.0.416 ± 0.092)and splenium of the corpus callosum(SCC)(0.535 ±0.090 vs.0.606 ±0.060)(t =2.037-3.745,P ＜0.05).The severity of cognitive impairment companied with decrease of the FA values of all fibers.The FA values of bilateral CST,ICAL,ICPL,left AF,bilateral PTR,ACG,SLF and SCC were significantly different among different groups(F =3.021-7.146,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The damage widespread of white matter bundles is found in children with PVL DTI and FT can provide details in the assessment of cognitive impairment in children with PVL.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of nasal endoscope surgery on chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps in geriatric patients.Methods A total of 132 geriatric patients with chronic sinusitis and nasalpolyps underwent nasal endoscope surgery in our hospital from Jun.2010 to Jun.2014,and the therapeutic effect was investigated.Results In the 132 cases,92 cases were cured (69.7％).Therapeutic effects were excellent in 33 cases (25.0％),and invalid in 7 cases (5.3％).The total effective rate was 94.7％.The total effective rate was 100.0％ in type Ⅰ,97.4％ in type Ⅱ and 84.8％ in type Ⅲ.The total effective rate was higher in type Ⅰ and Ⅱ than in type Ⅲ (x2=3.506 and 6.218,P=0.035 and 0.012).Local complications occurred in 10 cases (7.6％),including 1 case with nasolacrimal duct injury,2 cases with orbital hematoma,5 cases with nasal adhesion,1 case with surgical cavity hemorrhage and 1 case with sinus atresia.Conclusions The therapeutic effects of nasal endoscopesurgery on chronic sinusitis and nasalpolyps are good in geriatric patients,especially in treating chronic sinusitis and nasalpolyps of type Ⅰ and Ⅱ,and the postoperative complications are less,which is worth clinical application.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the occurrence and associated factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in rescuers and firefighters.

METHODSThe PTSD of 264 rescuers and firefighters who had participated in rescue was evaluated using the self-designed fireman general situation questionnaire and PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C). The factors associated with the occurrence of PTSD were also analyzed.

RESULTSThe incidence rate of PTSD in the subjects was 8.3%. The PTSD rate of special service corps (12%) was significantly higher than that of other subjects (P<0.05). The incidence of PTSD was highest in the rescuers and firefighters above the third rank, but without significant differences (P>0.05). The PTSD rate of married rescuers and firefighters was significantly higher than that of unmarried subjects (P<0.05). The PTSD rate of subjects addicted to drinking was significantly higher than that of non-drinking subjects (P<0.05). Subjects with more frequent attendance were more susceptible to PTSD compared with those with less attendance.

CONCLUSIONThe incidence rate of PTSD is high in rescuers and firefighters who have attended rescues. It is necessary to implement both short-term and long-term counseling programs for stress management and intervention in order to reduce the psychological trauma after rescue and improve the mental health of rescuers and firefighters.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of 4 rare types of non -Hodgkin lymphoma(NHL)in children,and to discuss the progress in treatment.Methods Clinical data of 1 4 patients with rare types of NHL at Shanghai Children′s Medical Center,Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine between January 2004 and December 201 4 were retrospectively analyzed,and their clinical features,treatment and prognosis were dis-cussed.Results Fourteen cases were reported including 6 subcutaneous panniculitis -like T -cell lymphoma (SPTCL),3 hydroa vacciniforme -like cutaneous lymphoma(HVLL),2 pediatric follicular lymphoma(PFL)and 3 ex-tranodal NK/T -cell lymphoma,and nasal type(ENKTL).Ten patients (71 .4%)primarily presented with skin lesions and underwent a long course of illness before they were finally diagnosed (the median was 1 0 months),71 .4%(1 0 /1 4 cases)of them associated with fever and 50.0%(7 /1 4 cases)with liver and spleen enlargement,and no evidence of central nervous system (CNS)and bone marrow (BM)involvement was observed,while 28.6% patients (4 /1 4 cases) had more than two lines′abnormalities in peripheral blood examination.Since there were no standard treatment guide-lines,most patients received CHOP (Cyclophosphamide +Adriamycin +Vincristine +Prednisone)and /or mature B -cell NHL -like therapy,and 50.0%(7 /1 4 cases)of them received interferon therapy in addition,while 1 patient re-ceived allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation after recurrence.The complete remission was achieved in 71 .4%(10 /14 cases)of all the patients.Two of them died,3 lost follow -up,and 1 relapsed.The 3 -year overall survi-val and event free survival rates were 0.84 and 0.57,respectively,after a median follow -up of 26 months (range 12 -64 months).Conclusions Pediatric rare types of NHL show atypical clinical manifestation,low incidence of CNS /BMinfil-tration and long course.It is hard to make pathological diagnosis and differentiation.It is also inappropriate to apply the commonly used staging system to these rare types of NHL.No standard treatment has been found by now.SPTCL,HVLL and PFL have relatively good outcomes when treated with mature B -cell NHL -type therapy plus interferon therapy.

Animals ; Decompression ; Decompression Sickness ; physiopathology ; Electrocardiography ; Electroencephalography ; Electromyography ; Electrophysiology ; Male ; Rabbits

Objective To improve understanding of the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of childhood Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP). Methods The clinical data of 13 patients admitted for KMP to XXX from January 2010 to January 2016 was retrospectively analyzed, with a review of relevant literature. Results The patients were 10 males and 3 females. The age of presentation varied from newborn to 5 months. 12 patients had cutaneous manifestations, like petechiae, ecchymosis, jaundice, skin masses, etc, 1 patient had pleural effusion. The location of lesions varied. The laboratory hallmark consists of profound thrombocytopenia and hypofibrinogenemia with elevated D-dimers. The median time from initial presentation to diagnosis was 60 days. After approaches like surgery, corticosteroids, propranolol, interferon, sirolimus, etc, 10 patients got remission while 3 patients died. 6 patients treated with sirolimushad complete response. Conclusions KMP is characterized with vascular tumor, severe thrombocytopenia and consumptive coagulopathy. Clinically, KMP often presents with early-onset and delay in diagnosis. Surgery is an effective approach for KMP. Sirolimus appears to be a promising treatment for KMP.

Objective To evaluate the outcomes of children with stage Ⅳ malignant extracranial germ cell tumors. Methods Twenty-five patients were enrolled in the retrospective analysis. Event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method with SPSS 13.0. Results Of the 25 children, there were 13 males and 12 females. The mean age at diagnosis was 2 years old (ranged 1 to 11). Five patients receiving chemotherapy in another hospital before (n=1), or giving up treatment after confirmed diagnosis (n=1), or giving up effective treatment after received less than 2 cycles (n=3) were excluded from this analysis. Of the 20 patients, 90.0% (18/20) achieved complete remission and 5.0% (1/20) achieved partial remission after treatment. The 5-year EFS rate and 5-year OS rate were 70.0%±10.2% and 82.4%±9.2% respectively. There was no death occurred due to complications. Conclusions The effect of this treatment program is positive. The cumulative dose of the drugs is not high, compared with other schemes such as PEB, but there are more drugs involved. Whether these drugs may cause long-term adverse reactions needs further research.

Objectives To analyze the clinical features and long-term follow-up results of neuroblastoma (NB) without chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and to provide evidence for further improvement of treatment. Methods The clinical data of children diagnosed with NB who received operation during January 2005 to December 2015 was retrospectively analyzed, and the long-term follow-up results were evaluated. Results In 57 cases of NB, 43 cases (81.1％) were in stage 1, 8 cases were in stage 2 and 2 cases were in stage 4S. The median age at diagnose was 7 months (11 days - 10 years and 11 months). There were 47/51 cases had the pathological type with a good prognosis (accounting for 92.2％). FISH was detected in 1/49 case which had the amplification at greater than 10 copies. 56/57 cases underwent surgical resection of the primary tumor, 50 cases of which were completely resected, and 3 cases had very good partial remission after tumor resection. The abdominal mass was found in the uterus in 1 case, and surgical operation was not performed and the imaging was regularly checked for follow-up , and the mass subsided completely at 7-month-old. The median follow-up time was 36 months (4 - 99 months). Five children were lost to follow-up and the median time of follow-up was 19 months (4 - 45 months). One child in stage 4S relapsed at 1 year of follow-up, 2 cases in stage 1 relapsed at 6 months of follow-up. Five years event free survival rates (EFS) in all patients were 94.6％, and overall survival rate (OS) of the 5 years was 100％. Conclusions Children younger than 18 months without MYCN amplification in the stages 1 and 2 are safe by surgical treatment alone with good prognosis. Simple surgical treatment can also be extended to all age groups of NB without MYCN amplification in the stages 1 or 2.