Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neuroblastoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Testicular Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo explore the efficacy and safety of prostatic arterial embolization (PAE) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH) in high-risk aged males.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data about 21 high-risk BPH patients aged 77-91 (mean 80) years treated by PAE.

RESULTSPAE was successfully performed in all the 21 patients, with the operation time of 90-120 min. At 2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery, the International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSS) were 18.3 ± 3.1, 9.8 ± 2.7, 9.4 ± 2.5, and 10.1 ± 2.2, the quality of life scores ( QOL) were 4.6 ± 1.4, 4.3 ± 1.2, 4.6 ± 1.1, and 4.9 ± 0.6, the maximum urinary flow rates ( Qmax) were (12.5 ± 2.5), (15.8 ± 2.4), (16.6 ± 2.2), and (16.3 ± 1.8) ml/s, and the postvoid residual urine volumes (PVR) were (35.0 ± 3.4), (13.0 ± 3.3), (10.0 ± 3.0), and (8.0 ± 2.5) ml, respectively, markedly improved as compared with the baseline (IPSS: 24.5 ± 3.7, QOL: 5.7 ± 1.6, Qmax: [8.3 ± 2.1] ml/s, and PVR: [98.0 ± 11.0] ml), with statistically significant differences in IPSS, QOL, Qmax, and PVR (all P < 0.05). The maximal velocity of blood flow in the prostate was obviously decreased and the prostate volumes were (74.4 ± 4.8), (42.5 ± 4.4), (38.3 ± 4.0), and (36.7 ± 3.5) cm3 at 2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months, respectively, also significantly reduced in comparison with (84.3 ± 5.4) cm3 preoperatively (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPAE is a safe and effective option for the treatment of BPH in high-risk aged males.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arteries ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate ; blood supply ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; therapy ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Urination

Objective To explore the management therapy of pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma.Methods Retrospective analysis of treatment of 29 cases with rhabdomyoscroma from Oct.1998 to Jun.2006.Primary sites included 5 cases of neck,1 chest wall,2 abdominal wall,12 retroperitoneal pelvic cavity and 9 extremity.Pathologic types included embryonal type 19(65.5%),alveolar 8(27.6%),pleomorphic 2(6.9%).According to IRS staging system they were Ⅰstage(n=2),Ⅱstage(n=6),Ⅲstage(n=9)and Ⅳstage(n=12).Most tumors were large than 5 cm(n=26).Results Twenty-seven cases were followed up but 2 of the cases were lost,19 cases got complete remission(4 cases relapsed or died after stopping treatment for 3 months to 3 years and 1 case relapsed after giving up treatment for 3 months),4 cases got partial remission(3 cases relapsed after 6 months diagnosed),4 cases got no response(3 of which deteriorated or relapsed and 1 case surved with tumor).Fourteen cases had constant remission between 5-77 months,averaging 22.9 months with average guitting time of treatment 16.9 months.Conclusion Total tumor resection,chemotherapy and radiotherapy play an important role in management of pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma.

Objective To study the diagnosis and treatment of the model of multidisciplinary team treatment on hepatoblastoma in children.Methods Retrospective analysis of treatment and long term follow-up of 16 patients with hepatoblastoma(8 cases were boys,8 cases were girls;aged 3 months to 11 years old,average age was 2 years old) during Aug.1998 to Jan.2006 in Shanghai Children's Medical Center.Special in multidisciplinary team treatment,preoperative evaluate and operation.Results The morbility locum of 8 cases were in right liver lobe,8 cases were in left liver lobe.Fifteen cases of the clinical presentation were abdominal mass,1 case was peritonitis.According to International Society of Pediatric Oncology(SIOP) Pretext staging system,43.7%(7/16)cases were stage Ⅱ,43.7%(7/16)cases were stage Ⅲ,12.5%(2/16)cases were stage Ⅳ.In 7 cases of stage Ⅱ,6 cases were accepted tumor total resection,1 case was accepted emergency surgery because tumor was fracture.Patients were given ICE protocal.In 7 cases of stage Ⅲ,6 cases were able to undergo delayed tumor resection following open biopsy and subsequent treatment with chemotherapy 2-3 courses.One case gave up treatment because its had poor response to chemotherapy.In 2 cases of stage Ⅳ,1 case was received liver transplantation due to poor respond to chemotherapy.One case was not received any treatment.In 7 cases of stage Ⅱ,6 cases were alive,1 case died,3-year free survival rate was 100%(4/4).In 7 cases of stage Ⅲ,5 cased were alive,3-year free survival rate was 75%(3/4).Two cases of stage Ⅳ all died.Conclusions Surgery play a very important role in the treatment of hepatoblastoma in children.Chemotherapy has improved the resectability of the tumor.Multidisciplinary team treatment is an effective model for diagnosis and treatment on childhood hepatoblastoma.

Objective: To study the mechanisms of absorption and transport of 3-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) from Boswellia carterif in Caco-2 cell, MDCK-MDR1, and MDCK-Wild cell models. Methods: The Caco-2, MDCK-MDR1, and MDCK-Wild cell monolayer models were used to study the bi-directional transport of AKBA in apical (AP)→basal (BL) or BL→AP; The concentration of AKBA was measured by LC-MS/MS and apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) was calculated. Results: Papp (AP→BL) and Papp (BL→AP) values of AKBA (50 μmol/L) in Caco-2 cell model were 7.9 × 10-7 and 1.5 × 10-7 cm/s, respectively; Papp (AP→BL) and Papp (BL→AP) values of AKBA (50 μmol/L) in MDCK-MDR1 cell model were 2.6 × 10-7 and 0.8 × 10-7 cm/s, respectively; Papp (AP→BL) and Papp (BL→AP) of AKBA (50 μmol/L) in MDCK-Wild cell model was 2.4 × 10-7 and 0.6 × 10-7 cm/s, respectively; The rates of efflux (RE) for AKBA in Caco-2 and MDCK-MDR1 cell monolayers were both smaller than 2. Conclusion: AKBA is not the substrate of P-gp and its absorption rate is low. AKBA is absorbed through the intestinal epithelial cells by active transport absorption and passive diffusion possibly.

This study was carried out to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging activities of flavans from flex centrochinensis S. Y. Hu in vitro and their structure-activity relationship. LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage was used as inflammatory model. MTT assay for cell availability, Griess reaction for nitric oxide (NO) production, the content of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6 and PGE, were detected with ELISA kits; DPPH, superoxide anion and hydroxyl free radicals scavenging activities were also investigated. According to the result, all flavans tested exhibited anti-inflammatory effect in different levels. Among them, compounds 1, 3, 4 and 6 showed potent anti-inflammatory effect through the inhibition of NO, TNF-alpha, IL-lp and IL-6, of which 1 was the most effective inhibitor, however, 2 and 5 were relatively weak or inactive. The order of free radical scavenging activities was similar to that of anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, these results suggest that 3, 4 and 6, especially of 1, were,in part responsible for the anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging activity of Ilex centrochinensis. Hydroxyl group at 4'-position of B-ring plays an important role in the anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging capacities.
Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Flavanones ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Free Radical Scavengers ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Ilex ; chemistry ; Interleukin-6 ; immunology ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; immunology ; Mice ; Nitric Oxide ; immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; immunology

Objective To evaluate the outcomes of children with stage Ⅳ malignant extracranial germ cell tumors. Methods Twenty-five patients were enrolled in the retrospective analysis. Event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method with SPSS 13.0. Results Of the 25 children, there were 13 males and 12 females. The mean age at diagnosis was 2 years old (ranged 1 to 11). Five patients receiving chemotherapy in another hospital before (n=1), or giving up treatment after confirmed diagnosis (n=1), or giving up effective treatment after received less than 2 cycles (n=3) were excluded from this analysis. Of the 20 patients, 90.0% (18/20) achieved complete remission and 5.0% (1/20) achieved partial remission after treatment. The 5-year EFS rate and 5-year OS rate were 70.0%±10.2% and 82.4%±9.2% respectively. There was no death occurred due to complications. Conclusions The effect of this treatment program is positive. The cumulative dose of the drugs is not high, compared with other schemes such as PEB, but there are more drugs involved. Whether these drugs may cause long-term adverse reactions needs further research.

Objective To study the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy) and hypersensitive c-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level and mental behaviors of Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods During the period from 2014 January to 2016 January,20 subjects were selected from inpatients of the third hospital of yunnan porvince,before and after treatment,the plasma levels of Hcy and hs-CRP in patients with AD were tested by enzymatic methods.The pathological behavior rating scale (concerns-AD) was used to estimate the treatment effect.Results There were significant differences in the mental behavior score and Hcy and CRP levels between the before and after the treatment in AD patients (P＜0.01) Conclusion Plasma levels of Hcy and CRP have correlation with mental behaviors of patients with AD.

Objective To explore the effect of surgical treatment on primary gastrointestinal non-Hodgking lymphoma(NHL) in children.Methods Nine cases of clinical and follow-up data of primary gastrointestinal NHL were studied retrospectively to evaluate the effect of surgical treatment on primary gastrointestinal NHL in children.Results Seven cases were male and 2 cases were female.The mean age was(5.59?3.27)years old.The clinical manifestation included abdominal mass (7 cases),abdominal pain (5 cases),fever (2 cases),haematemesis and melena (2 cases),constipation (1 case) and paroxysmal abdominal pain with vomiting (1 case).Nine cases were diagnosed as primary gastrointestinal NHL,including 1 case of intussusception,1 case of acute appendicitis,2 cases of gastrointestinal obstruction,2 cases of gastrointestinal bleeding and 3 cases of abdominal mass.One case received the operation of intussusception reduction,tumor resection and intestinal anastomosis.One case received appendectomy.One case received the operation of tumor biopsy and transverse colon colostomy.Six cases received laparotomy.Six cases were diagnosed as Burkitt lymphoma.One case was anaplastic large cell lymphoma and 2 cases were diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.One case was at stage Ⅰ,1 case was at stage ⅠE,2 cases were at stage Ⅱ,3 cases were at stage ⅡE and 2 cases were at stage Ⅲ.Nine patients had received operation.One case died after operation and 8 cases had received combined chemotherapy.The 1 and 3 years survival rates were 75.0% and 37.5%,respectively.Conclusions Acute abdomen is often the first symptom of primary gastrointestinal NHL in children and comprehensive surgical treatment is an effective procedure for it.