PURPOSE:Factors influencing postnatal growth are innumerable. It is known that genetic factors such as parental height and environmental factors such as nutrition, economic status and hormonal effects are important factors. The purpose of this study was to examine the factors affecting final adult height in normal children. METHODS:753 high school students (513 boys, 240 girls) who live in Seoul were studied. Height and body weight were measured and questionaires about sexual development were examined. We included the subjects who reached fianl adult height. The criteria of final adult height was as following: ages over 17 years in the boys and over 15 years in the girls and growth velocity was less than 1 cm per year. They had no systemic diseases and height standard deviation scores were more than -2.5. RESULTS: 1)Final adult heights were 173.1+/-.1cm in boys and 160.9+/-.7cm in girls. 2)Final adult height significantly correlated with father height(r=0.13, p<0.01), mother height(r=0.25, p<0.01), midparental height(r=0.25 p<0.01) and birth weight (r=0.16, p<0.01). 3)In short final adult height groups, birth weight and midparental height were significantly lower(p<0.05), but puberty onset age, body mass index and economic status were similar to normal stature groups. 4)Final adult height significantly correlated with target height.(r=0.43, p<0.01). In boys, the final adult height was 1.7cm taller than target height on the average. In girls, final adult height was 1.6cm taller than target height on the average. 5)In the group in which final adult height is less than target height, birth weights were significantly lower than those of the groups in which final height is greater than target height. CONCLUSIONS:Among factors affecting final adult height, parent height and birth weight were important. To predict final adult height, target height can be used simply and target height showed significant correlation with final adult height. In the case of showing differences between final adult height and target height, many factors including birth weight will influence the outcome.
Adolescent ; Adult* ; Age of Onset ; Birth Weight ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Child ; Fathers ; Female ; Humans ; Mothers ; Parents ; Puberty ; Seoul ; Sexual Development

PURPOSE:The incidence of congenital adrenal hyperplasia(CAH) is 1/5,000- 1/20,000 births and thus the importance of the neonatal screening test is being emphasized. However, the reference value for the term and preterm infants has not yet been established and false positive values are frequent due the immature hypothalamic-adrenal axis of the preterm infants or the stress-induced adrenal dysfunction. Therefore, we analyzed the 17-hydroxyprogesterone(17-OHP) concentration in terms of gestational age, birth weight, and postnatal state to establish the reference range for the Korean term and preterm infants. METHODS:We analyzed the results of the CAH screening test retrospectively, which was performed on 737 neonates(624 fullterm neonates, 113 premature neonates) born between January 1998 through July 1998 in Inje University College of Medicine Sanggye Paik Hospital. Mean gestational age and birth weight of infants were 38.2+/-2.6 weeks and 3,116+/-674kg respectively. 17-OHP screening test was performed on 4.9+/-3.8days after birth by obtaining blood samples from the heelstick of neonates. 17-OHP concentration was measured by the ELISA kit(ICN Co.) and repeated the procedure if the result was higher than 35ng/ml. RESULTS: 1) 17-OHP concentration of the preterm infants was significantly higher than that of the fullterm infants(19.1+/-12.3ng/ml vs 11.7+/-7.8ng/ml, P=0.001). 17-OHP concentration was inversely proportional to gestational age. 2)17-OHP concentration was inversely proportional to birth weight(r=0.22, P>0.01). 17-OHP concentration according to birth weight was as follows.:below 1,500g was 26.7+/-11.7ng/ml, 1,500 to 2,000g was 18.0+/-13.9ng/ml, 2,001 to 2,500g was 17.9+/-10.5ng/ml, 2,501 to 3,000g was 12.1+/-7.9ng/ml, 3,001 to 3,500g was 11.5+/-8.1ng/ml, above 3,500g was 11.4+/-7.5ng/ml. There was a significant decline in the 17-OHP concentration as the birth weight increased. 3) 17-OHP concentration was gradually decreased as sampling date increased. 4) The gender of the infants did not influence the 17-OHP concentration(male 13.0+/-9.1 vs female 12.7+/-9.0). 5)17-OHP concentration were significantly higher in sick preterm infants than healthy preterm infants. 6)Six cases, whose 17-OHP concentration were greater than 35ng/ml, were all preterm and low birth weight infants. Reexamination after one week showed the value within normal range. No CAH cases were diagnosed in the study. CONCLUSION: 17-OHP concentration was inversely proportional to gestational age and birth weight. Therefore, reference ranges of 17-OHP concentration should be subdivided according to gestational age and birth weight. Further research about perinatal risk factors affecting the 17-OHP concentration will be required.
17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone* ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Birth Weight ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Mass Screening ; Neonatal Screening ; Parturition ; Reference Values ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

46,XX male is a rare abnormality of sex determination with an incidence of 1 in 20,000 male neonates. The clinical manifestations of 46,XX males are usually hypogonadism, gynecomastia, azoospermia, and hyalinations of seminiferous tubules, with altered hormonal levels at puberty. Less frequently, some sexual ambiguities are found, always with sterility owing to reduced testicular development. The origin of male phenotype in 46,XX male could be the results of at least three different mechanisms:translocations of Y sequence, including the SRY gene, to an X chromosome or to an autosome(about 90% of cases); a mutation in a yet unknown X-linked or autosomal gene in the testis-determinating pathway, and cryptic Y chromosome mosacism. We experienced a case of SRY-positive 46,XX male in a 21-year-old man with small testes. (J Korean Soc Pediatr Endocrinol 2003;8:184-188)
Adolescent ; Azoospermia ; Genes, sry ; Gynecomastia ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Hypogonadism ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Infertility ; Male* ; Phenotype ; Puberty ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Testis ; X Chromosome ; Y Chromosome ; Young Adult

46,XX male is a rare abnormality of sex determination with an incidence of 1 in 20,000 male neonates. The clinical manifestations of 46,XX males are usually hypogonadism, gynecomastia, azoospermia, and hyalinations of seminiferous tubules, with altered hormonal levels at puberty. Less frequently, some sexual ambiguities are found, always with sterility owing to reduced testicular development. The origin of male phenotype in 46,XX male could be the results of at least three different mechanisms:translocations of Y sequence, including the SRY gene, to an X chromosome or to an autosome(about 90% of cases); a mutation in a yet unknown X-linked or autosomal gene in the testis-determinating pathway, and cryptic Y chromosome mosacism. We experienced a case of SRY-positive 46,XX male in a 21-year-old man with small testes. (J Korean Soc Pediatr Endocrinol 2003;8:184-188)
Adolescent ; Azoospermia ; Genes, sry ; Gynecomastia ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Hypogonadism ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Infertility ; Male* ; Phenotype ; Puberty ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Testis ; X Chromosome ; Y Chromosome ; Young Adult

PURPOSE:In infants born intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR), there may be persistent short stature in childhood and adulthood, although most IUGR infants show some degree of catch-up growth. The purpose of this study was to describe the postnatal growth status in order to determine the incidence of catch-up growth. METHODS:This study was carried out with the 260 IUGR infants(birth weight<2,500gm) born at Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, from October 1989 to March 1995. RESULTS: 1)Mean gestational age was 38.3+/-.6weeks, mean birth weight was 2.3+/-.2kg and mean birth length was 46.1+/-.7cm. 2)Mean height standard deviation score(height SDS) was 0.02+/-.03. Height SDS was -0.002+/-.71 at 1 year of age, 0.03+/-.14 at 2 years of age, -0.03+/-.71 at 3 years of age, 0.01+/-.24 at 4 years of age, 0.16+/-.24 at 5 years of age, -0.08+/-.43 at 6 years of age. 3)Of the entire study group of the 260 children, 16 children (6%) were below 10 percentile in height. 1 of 36 (2.8%) was below 10 percentile in height at 1 year of age, 5 of 86(5.8%) at 2 years of age, none at 3 years of age, 6 of 44 (13.6%) at 4 years of age, 1 of 25 (4.0%) at 5 years of age, 3 of 17 (17.6%) at 6 years of age. 4)Height SDS significantly correlated with gestational age (r=0.57, p<0.01), birth weight (r=0.17, p<0.01) and midparental height (r=0.72, p<0.01). 5)Birth length and midparental height showed significant differences between catch-up group and non-catch-up group (p<0.01). Condusions:In summary, of the infants born IUGR, 94% showed catch-up growth. Birth length and midparental height were significantly lower in non- catch-up group.
Birth Weight ; Child ; Fetal Growth Retardation* ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant* ; Parturition

No abstract available.
Fibrosis*

PURPOSE:Neopterin is a marker of activation of the T-lymphocyte/monocyte axis. We measured serum neopterin concentration to investigate whether serum neopterin levels are increased in children with Graves' disease and whether serum neopterin measurement can be used as a marker of disease activity in Graves disease. METHODS:Twenty children with Graves' disease(3 boys and 17 girls) and 15 healthy children(7 boys and 8 girls) are enrolled in this study. Serum neopterin concentrations are measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:Neopterin concentration in children with Graves' disease(1.59+/-1.25ng/ml) is not higher than that of healthy children(1.51+/-0.73ng/ml). Neopterin concentration is not influenced by thyroid function and remission state. CONCLUSION: Serum neopterin level in children with Graves' disease can not be used as a marker of activity.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Child* ; Graves Disease* ; Humans ; Neopterin* ; Radioimmunoassay ; Thyroid Gland

No abstract available.
Lymphadenitis*

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis(ABPA) is an inflammatory disease which causes a hypersensitivity to Aspergillus spores growing in the bronchi. The clinical syndrome is characterized by asthma, recurrent pulmonary infiltrations or mucoid impaction, eosinophilia, and central bronchiectasis. A 12-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital because of right lower chest pain and cystic mass-like shadows on a chest X-ray film. He had asthma as an infant, but had no asthmatic symptoms on admission. Chest CT scan showed low density cystic mass of the right lower lobe. The total eosinophil count and IgE level were abnormally high. Test for immediate skin reaction to Aspergillus fumigatus was positive but precipitating antibody to Aspergillus antigen was negative. After steroid treatment, he became asymptomatic. Radiologic abnormalities including mass-like shadows were resolved by two months after the start of treatment and a follow-up high resolution CT scan obtained after clinical improvement revealed central saccular bronchiectasis. We report one case of ABPA with review of literature.
Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary* ; Aspergillus ; Aspergillus fumigatus ; Asthma ; Bronchi ; Bronchiectasis ; Chest Pain ; Child ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Immunoglobulin E ; Infant ; Male ; Skin ; Spores ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; X-Ray Film

No abstract available.
Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell*