Evidence in human studies of the association of long term habitual exercise with bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) mostly come from studies done on athletes. The highest BMC and BMD values in young adults have been found in strength and power-training athletes, while endurance activities such as long distance running and swimming seem to be less effective in obtaining peak bone mineral density. To compare the differences in BMD among ballet, Korean traditional dancing and athletics, we examined the BMD of 10 ballerinas, 10 Korean traditional dancers, 12 athletes and 12 volunteers as the control group. All participants were female. The average age were 20.6 years for the ballerinas, 21.2 for the Korean traditional dancers, 20.4 for the athletes and 21.3 for the control group. Average weights were 50.6 kg for the ballerina, 53.7 kg for the Korean traditional dancer, 59.2 kg for the athletes and 53.8 kg for the control group. Average heights were 162.0 cm for the ballerinas, 160.4 cm for the Korean traditional dancers, 162.3 cm for the athletes and 160.5 cm for the control group. There were no significant differences in the BMD values of the proximal femur and the lumbar spine between ballerinas and control group and between Korean traditional dancers and control group (p>0.05). There was, however, a significant increase of BMD in the proximal femur and lumbar spine of the athletes when compared with the control group (p<0.05) After adjusting for difference in body mass index (BMI) we recompared the BMD of ballerinas, Korean traditional dancer and athletes with BMD of control group and found significant higher lumbar spine BMD values in ballerinas, Korean traditional dancers and athletes. In athletes higher BMD levels were also obtained in the proximal femur including the neck, greater trochanter and Wards triangle regions (p<0.05). There was no significant increase of proximal femur BMD levels for Korean traditional dancers (p>0.05). Differences of BMD values between the ballerinas and control group was statistically significant only in femoral neck (p<0.05).
Athletes* ; Body Mass Index ; Bone Density* ; Dancing ; Female ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Humans ; Neck ; Running ; Spine ; Sports ; Swimming ; Volunteers ; Weights and Measures ; Young Adult

Leri-Weill syndrome or Leri-Weill dyschondrosteosis represents a short stature syndrome that is characterized by symmetric shortening of the forearms and lower legs and a bilateral shortening and bowing of the radius with a dorsal subluxation of the distal ulna(Madelung deformity). Recent genetic analyses demonstrated that functional haploinsufficiency of SHOX(short stature homeobox-containing gene) accounts for Leri-Weill syndrome. Further studies are needed to explain phenotypic heterogeneity of SHOX defect. We experienced a case of Leri-Weill syndrome in a 11-year-old girl with short stature, who revealed typical Madelung deformity, mesomelic(middle segment) dysplasia, and a karyotype of 46,XX. In cases with dyschondrosteosis or Turner-characteristic dysmorphic skeletal features, detection of SHOX mutation is recommended.
Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Forearm ; Haploinsufficiency ; Humans ; Karyotype ; Leg ; Population Characteristics ; Radius

No abstract available.
Sepsis*

No abstract available.
Kinetics* ; Wrist*

Paragonimiasis is widely distributed in Far East and Southeast Asia, particularly in Korea. The centralnervous system is the most frequent location for paragonimiasis outside the lungs. We analized the computedtomographic findings of 17 cases which were diagnosed pathologically and clinically as cerebral paragonimiasis.The results were as follows; 1. The ratio of male to female was 10:7 and about 88% of cases were under the age of40 years. 2. The common location so cerebral paragonimiasis were the occipital (12 cases ) and temporal (11 cases) lobes. 3. Precontrast CT findings of cerebral paragonimiasis were low density with calcifications in 6 cases,low and isodensities in 4 cases, mixed densities in 3 cases, only low density in 2 cases and only calcification sin 2 cases. Hydrocephalus (7 cases), mass effect (6 cases), atrophic change(6 cases) and cyst formation (3 cases)were associated. 4. The shape of calcifications in CT scan were soap-bubble or ring in 6 cases, nodular or oval in6 cases, stippled in 4 cases and amorphous conglomerated in 2 cases. 5. The contrast-enhanced 8 cases were 5 ringor rim like, 2 nodular and 1 irregular enhancements, while 9 cases were not enhanced.
Asia, Southeastern ; Far East ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Korea ; Lung ; Male ; Paragonimiasis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The purposes of this study is to evaluate the combination effects of TGF-beta1 and PDGF-BB on the periodontal ligament cells to use as a regeneration promoting agent of periodontal tissue. Human periodontal ligament cells were prepared from the first premolar tooth extracted for the orthodontic treatment and were cultured in DMEM/10% FBS at the 37degrees C, 5% CO2 incubator. Authors measured the DNA synthesis, total protein, collagen and noncollagenous protein synthesis according to the concentration of TGF-beta1, (1, 5ng/ml) and PDGF-BB (1, 10 ng/ml) in combination. To explore further this delayed effect of TGF-beta1, we preincubated human periodontal ligament cells with TGF-beta1 for 4 or 24 hours before PDGF-BB stimulation. The results were as follows: The DNA synthetic activity was increased dose dependently by TGF-beta1, PDGF-BB. The combination of TGF-beta1 and PDGF-BB consistently enhanced the DNA synthetic activity to PDGF-BB alone. The ability of TGF-beta1 to enhance DNA synthetic activity in PDGF-BB treated periodontal ligament cells was dose dependent. The maximum mitogenic effect was at the 5ng/ml of TGF-beta1 and 10ng/ml of PDGF-BB. Preincubation of cells with TGF-beta1 resulted in significantly greater response to PDGF-BB at all TGF-beta1 concentration studied, and may be useful for clinical application in periodontal regenerative procedures. The total protein, collagen and noncollagen synthesis was increased dose pendently by TGF-beta1, PDGF-BB. The % of collagen was slightly decresed according to the concentration of TGF-beta1, PDGF-BB. The effect of TGF-beta1, PDGF-BB were not specific for collagen synthesis since it also increased noncollagenous protein synthesis. This study demonstrates that PDGF-BB is major mitogens for human periodontal ligament cells in vitro, and supports a role for TGF-beta1 as a regulation of the mitogenic and total protein formation to PDGF-BB in these cells.
Bicuspid ; Collagen ; DNA ; Humans ; Incubators ; Mitogens ; Periodontal Ligament* ; Regeneration ; Tooth ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of ERK and PPAR gamma on the TGF-beta1 induced human endometrial stromal cell decidualization in vitro. METHOD: Endometrial stromal cells are cultured under the following condition: DMEM/F12 (10% FBS, 1 nM E2 and 100 nM P4). TGF-beta1 (5 ng/ml), Rosiglitazone (50 nM), and PD98059 (20 microgram) were added according to experimental purposes. Trypan-Blue and hematocytometer were utilized to count cell number. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blotting were utilized to detect proteins. RESULT: TGF-beta1 inhibited proliferation of cultured human endometrial stromal cells and induced expression of PGE2 and prolactin. This effect was mediated by Smad and ERK activation. Administration of rosiglitazone, PPAR gamma agonist, prevented TGF-beta1 effect on cell proliferation. Furthermore, Rosiglitazone inhibited TGF-beta1 induced activation of ERK, consequently reduced PGE2 and prolactin production. CONCLUSION: TGF-beta1 induced decidualization of endometrial stromal cell through Smad and ERK phosphorylation. PPAR gamma acts as a negative regulator of human endometrial cell decidualization in vitro.
Blotting, Western ; Cell Count ; Cell Proliferation ; Dinoprostone ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans* ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors* ; Phosphorylation ; PPAR gamma ; Prolactin ; Stromal Cells* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1*

A Clinical study was carried out on 39 cases with congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis who were admitted to the department of Pediatrics, Catholic Medical College, during the 7 years 8 months from January 1971 to August 1978. The following results were obrained. 1. The age incidence was highest in the 2-4 weeks of age and 82.0% were under the 8 weeks. Af age Male to female ratio was 12:1. 2. The age at onset was within 3 weeks of age in the majority cases(69.2%). 3. In distribution of birth weight, the majority cases(75%) were 3.0~4.0kg. and 18 cases(46%) were first born bady. 4. In the body weight percentile on admission, the jahority cases(75.4%) were under the 25 percentile. 5. The kinds of feeding in order of frequency were breast(41.0%), bottle(30.8%) and mixed feeding(28.2%). 6. The average duration of symptoms prior to operation was 17 days. 7. On the physical examination, gastric peristaltic wave was observed in 30 cases(77%) and the pyloric tumor mass was palpated in 26 cases(67%). And Projectile vomitiong and dehydration were observed in all cases. 8. Barium meal X-ray study showed the string sign in 33 cases(88.9%).
Barium ; Birth Weight ; Body Weight ; Dehydration ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Meals ; Pediatrics ; Physical Examination ; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic*

INTRODUCTION: There are three anatomic findings that correlate with a patient risk for developing anterior acromial impingement : acromial shape, anterior downsloping of the acromion. To analyze the effect of anterior and lateral downslopings and subacromial interval to the impingement syndrome retrospectively, the authors reviewed 32 patients who performed MRI of the shoulder joint in the Dankook university hoipital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen males & fourteen females were reviewed and the average age was 46.6 years old. There were 23 cases of impingement syndrome and 9 cases of control group. The authors analyzed oblique coronal images and oblique sagittal images in shoulder MRI.
Acromion ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Shoulder Impingement Syndrome ; Shoulder Joint ; Shoulder

PURPOSE: We analyzed the complications of femoral peritrochanteric fractures treated with the Gamma nail to reduce its complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the complications among the 96 patients who were treated with the Gamma nail from January 2000 to May 2005. Mean follow-up period was 17.8 months and mean age was 75.2 years. We analysed the relationship between the complication and the fracture pattern, postoperative reduction status, position of the lag screw, bone density, displacement and tip-apex index (TAD). RESULTS: The complications were presented in 12 cases (12.5%). Cut-out of lag screw were in 5 cases, varus deformity with short lag screw in 2 cases, metal breakage of distal screw in 1 case, breakage of drill bit intraoperatively in 1 case, superficial infection in 2 cases and deep infection in 1 case. 5 cases (4.2%) were required reoperation. All of the cut-out of lag screw showed increased TAD (tip apex distance) above 25 mm. CONCLUSION: To reduce the complications of the Gamma nail, we need exact surgical technique, good positioning of the lag screw and choice of appropriate length for the lag screw.
Bone Screws ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Displacement (Psychology) ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Isothiocyanates ; Mandrillus ; Nails ; Reoperation