Objective To analyze the therapeutic effect of oxaliplatin combined with tegafur on the treatment of gastric cancer patients after operation.Methods A retrospective analysis was used to analysis the clinical dated of gastric cancer patients received radical surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from April 2012 to August 2014, according to the surgical treatment of the postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, which were divided into oxaliplatin combined with tegafur group and oxaliplatin combined with tegafur group.The lymph nodes and survival rate and recurrence rate of the two groups were observed after two years.The quality of life and the incidence of complications in the two groups were evaluated. Results The two years recurrence and metastasis rate of Oxaliplatin combined with tegafur group were lower than mFolfox6 program group (P<0.05);the one year survival rate was no difference of oxaliplatin combined with tegafur group two years survival rate is higher than that of mFolfox6 group, the rate of nausea and vomiting, leukopenia and urea nitrogen in oxaliplatin combined with tegafur group were higher ( P <0.05 ).Physical function, physical role, limb pain and other quality of life score of the two groups had no significant difference before treatment, after treatment, the indea of oxaliplatin combined with tegafur group was lower than mFolfox6 program group ( P <0.05 ) .Conclusion Oxaliplatin combined with tegafur can significantly reduce the rate of recurrence and metastasis of gastric cancer patients after operation, and improve the quality of life of patients after operation.

In this study, we explored the feasibility of biotin-mediated modified polymeric micelles for pancreatic cancer targeted photodynamic therapy. Poly (ethylene glycol)-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine (mPEG2000-DSPE) served as the drug-loaded material, biotin-poly(ethylene glycol)-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine (Biotin-PEG3400-DSPE) as the functional material and the polymeric micelles were prepared by a thin-film hydration method. The targeting capability of micelles was investigated by cell uptake assay in vitro and fluorescence imaging in vivo and the amounts of Biotin-PEG-DSPE were optimized accordingly. Hypocrellin B (HB), a novel photosensitizer was then encapsulated in biotinylated polymeric micelles and the anti-tumor efficacy was evaluated systemically in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that micelles with 5 mol % Biotin-PEG-DSPE demonstrated the best targeting capability than those with 20 mol % or 0.5 mol % of corresponding materials. This formulation has a small particle size [mean diameter of (36.74 ± 2.16) nm] with a homogeneous distribution and high encapsulation efficiency (80.06 ± 0.19) %. The following pharmacodynamics assays showed that the biotinylated micelles significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of HB against tumor cells in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in vivo, suggesting a promising potential of this formulation for treatment of pancreatic cancer, especially those poorly permeable, or insensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of nasal cavity and maxillary sinus microbiota in aged patients with chronic maxillary sinusitis.Methods A total of 15 aged patients with chronic unilateral maxillary sinusitis who received surgical treatment between January 2017 to June 2018 in Beijing Hospital were enrolled and analyzed retrospectively.Their lavage samples from nasal cavity(N)and maxillary sinus(M)were collected and the samples were labeled according to the location(N and M groups,n=15 each).The high-throughput sequencing was used for sequencing all bacterial 16S rRNA genes in the samples.The composition of nasal cavity and maxillary sinus microbial communities was obtained,and the distribution features of nasal cavity and maxillary sinus microbiota were analyzed.Results A total of 8 bacterial phyla and 34 bacterial genera were found in nasal cavity and maxillary sinus microbiota.The most widely distributed phyla in nasal and sinus groups were Bacteroidetes,Fusobacteria,Frimicutes,Spirochaetes and Proteobacteria.The abundance of Bacteroidetes was higher in group M(60.0 ％,51 762/86 301)than in group N(42.9 ％,37 999/88 576)with statistically significant difference(P ＜0.05).The most widely distributed bacteria genera were Prevotella,Fusobacterium,Alloprevotella,Treponema,Parvimonas,Streptococcus,Filifactor,Phocaeicola,Campylobacter,Prevotella-7 and Lentimicrobiaceae.The abundance of Prevotella was higher in group M(47.7％,41 252/86 414)than in group N(33.5％,29 680/88 598) with statistically significant difference(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions In the aged patients with chronic maxillary sinusitis,the distribution of bacteria in the nasal cavity and maxillary sinus is partly consistent.The abundance of the anaerobes distribution is higher in maxillary sinus than in nasal cavity in aged patients with chronic maxillary sinusitis.

Over the past decade, mitochondrial dysfunction has been investigated as a key contributor to acute and chronic kidney disease. However, the precise molecular mechanisms linking mitochondrial damage to kidney disease remain elusive. The recent insights into the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (GMP-AMP) synthetase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon gene (STING) signaling pathway have revealed its involvement in many renal diseases. One of these findings is that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) induces inflammatory responses via the cGAS-STING pathway. Herein, we provide an overview of the mechanisms underlying mtDNA release following mitochondrial damage, focusing specifically on the association between mtDNA release-activated cGAS-STING signaling and the development of kidney diseases. Furthermore, we summarize the latest findings of cGAS-STING signaling pathway in cell, with a particular emphasis on its downstream signaling related to kidney diseases. This review intends to enhance our understanding of the intricate relationship among the cGAS-STING pathway, kidney diseases, and mitochondrial dysfunction.

OBJECTIVE：To study the effects of sulforaphane on the prolifera tion and apoptosis of human renal tubular epithelial cells HK- 2 induced by high glucose ，and to investigate its mechanism primarily. METHODS ：HK-2 cells were divided into normal group ，high glucose group ，irbesartan group （positive control ，1 μmol/L），sulforaphane low ，medium and high concentration groups （10，20，40 μmol/L）. The cells in normal group were cultured in DMEM medium for 96 hours. T he cells in other groups were cultured in high glucose DMEM medium （containing 40 mmol/L glucose ）for 48 hours. After inducing cell injury，the cells were added with corresponding drugs for 48 hours. Survival rate and apoptotic rate of cells were detected. mRNA expression of cyclin D 1，caspase-3，Bcl-2 and Bax as well as protein expression of p-mTOR ，p-AMPK，p-Akt and p-PI 3K were also determined. In addition ，HK-2 cells were divided into normal group ，high glucose group ，sulforaphane high concentration group（40 μmol/L），acardicin group （AMPK agonist ，1 mmol/L），sulforaphane high concentration+compound C group （sulforaphane 40 μmol/L+AMPK inhibitor compound C 40 μmol/L），perifoxine group （Akt inhibitor ，19.95 μmol/L）、sulforaphane high concentration+SC 79 group（sulforaphane 40 μmol/L+Akt agonist SC79 4 μmol/L）. After cultured with the same method ， protein expression of p-mTOR ，p-AMPK，p-Akt and p-PI 3K were detected in HK- 2 cells. RESULTS ：Compared with normal group，survival rate of HK- 2 cells，mRNA expression of cyclin D 1 and Bcl- 2 as well as protein expression of p-AMPK were decreased significantly in high glucose group （P＜0.05）；apoptotic rate ，mRNA expression of caspase- 3 and Bax ，protein expression of p-mTOR ，p-Akt and p-PI 3K in HK- 2 cells were increased significantly （P＜0.05）. Compared with high glucose group，above indexes of sulforaphane low ，medium and high concentration groups ，irbesartan group were all improved significantly （P＜0.05）；the improvement of above indexes in sulforaphane medium and high concentration groups were significantly better those of sulforaphane low concentration group （P＜0.05）. There was no significant difference in above indexes between sulforaphane high concentration group and irbesartan group （P＞0.05）. Compared with sulforaphane high concentration group，there were no significant difference in the protein expression of p-AMPK ，p-mTOR in acardicin group and p-mTOR ，p-Akt and p-PI 3K in perifoxine group （P＞0.05）；the protein expression of p-AMPK in sulforaphane high concentration+compound C group was decreased significantly （P＜0.05），while the protein expression of p-mTOR was increased significantly （P＜0.05）；the protein expression of p-mTOR 、p-Akt、p-PI3K in sulforaphane high concentration+SC 79 group were increased significantly （P＜ 0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：Sulforaphane can promote the proliferation of renal tubular epithelial cells and inhibit its apoptosis ；its mechanism may be associated with up-regulating the expression of p-AMPK and down-regulating the expression of p-mTOR ，p-Akt and p-PI 3K.

AIM:This study aimed to investigate the effects of sinomenine hydrochloride(SIN)on the ultra-structure of renal tissue and the expression of interferon gene-stimulating factor in db/db mice.METHODS:Sixteen 12-week-old male db/db mice were randomly divided into two groups:a model group and a sinomenine hydrochloride(SIN)group,each consisting of 8 mice.An additional 8 wild-type(WT)mice served as the normal control group.The sinome-nine hydrochloride group was administered the treatment for 8 weeks,followed by a 20-week observation period,while the normal and model groups received an equal volume of saline via gavage.Weekly measurements were taken for body weight and fasting blood glucose.Serum creatinine(SCr)and blood urea nitrogen(BUN)levels were assessed,and 24-hour uri-nary microalbumin(ALB)levels,as well as serum inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β(IL-1β),IL-6 and tumor necro-sis factor-α(TNF-α),were determined using ELISA.Pathological changes in renal tissue were evaluated through hema-toxylin-eosin(HE)staining,while ultrastructural alterations were examined using transmission electron microscopy.Im-munohistochemistry and Western blotting were employed to assess STING protein expression in renal tissue,and STING mRNA expression was quantified via RT-qPCR.RESULTS:Compared to the normal group,the model group exhibited significant increases in BUN,ALB,and SCr levels(P<0.01),alongside elevated inflammatory markers IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-α(P<0.01).Notable pathological changes included leukocyte wall thickening in capillaries,inflammatory cell infiltration,increased mesangial matrix,disorganized and linear alignment of podocytes,and thickening of the basement membrane.Moreover,STING protein and mRNA expression levels were significantly elevated(P<0.01).In contrast,the sinomenine hydrochloride group demonstrated significantly reduced levels of renal function markers(BUN,ALB and SCr)compared to the model group(P<0.01),as well as decreased concentrations of inflammatory factors IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-α(P<0.01).Improvements in renal histopathology included decreased leukocyte wall thickening,reduced inflam-matory cell presence,diminished mesangial matrix,and a significant reduction in foot process fusion,alongside thinner basement membranes.Both STING protein and mRNA expression levels were also significantly lower(P<0.01).CON-CLUSION:Sinomenine hydrochloride effectively mitigates renal tissue injury,improves ultrastructural alterations,and inhibits inflammatory responses in db/db mice.Its mechanism of action appears closely linked to the downregulation of STING protein and mRNA expression.

[Objective] To explore the accuracy and feasibility of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of fetal RhE genotype using cell-free fetal DNA (cff-DNA) from maternal peripheral blood. [Methods] A total of 134 pregnant women with single fetuses and RhE-negative blood group were selected from our hospital from November 2023 to August 2024. Free DNA extraction kit was used to extract free DNA from peripheral blood of pregnant women, and the RhE blood group genotype of free DNA was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). If the qPCR amplification signal of the sample was negative, the methylated RASSF1A gene was amplified, and the positive amplification result was used as a sign of successful extraction of cff-DNA. Serological microcolumn gel method was used to detect the phenotype of RhE blood group in neonatal peripheral blood. [Results] Among the 134 maternal peripheral blood samples, the cff-DNA detection of RhE blood group phenotypes was consistent with the RhE blood group genotyping of neonatal peripheral blood in 133 cases, including 90 cases of Rhee genotype and 43 cases of RhE genotype, with diagnostic concordance rate of 99.3%, sensitivity of 97.7%, specificity of 100%, youden index of 0.977, area under ROC curve of 0.995, the Kappa value of 0.983, positive predictive value of 100%, and negative predictive value of 98.9%. The sample of 1 case failed to be detected. After the amplification of methylated RASSFIA gene, it was confirmed that the reason for the failure was that no cff-DNA was extracted from the sample. The diagnostic concordance rates of the first, second and third trimesters were 93.8% (15/16), 100% (51/51) and 100% (67/67), respectively. Fisher's exact test method was used to calculate the P value, which was P>0.05, indicating that there was no statistical significance in the difference of diagnostic concordance rate among the three pregnancy periods, and there was no difference in the detection concordance rate of this method in different pregnancy periods. [Conclusion] The use of cff-DNA in maternal peripheral blood for the detection of fetal RhE blood group genotype is an accurate and highly feasible non-invasive prenatal diagnostic method, which is helpful for the clinical diagnosis of fetal and neonatal hemolytic disease caused by anti-E antibody.