OBJECTIVE:To dicuss the emphasis and directions of pharmaceutical care for patients with asthma so as to facilitate the development of pharmaceutical care for better controlling of asthma.METHODS:The way to strengthen pharmaceutical care for patients with asthma were introduced from aspects of carrying out correct therapeutic regimen,correct distinguishing and selecting the drugs for controlling and relieving of asthma,enhancing compliance,correct use of the inhalation,emphasizing therapeutic effect examination,familiarizing adverse drug reaction and so on.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:Strengthening pharmaceutical care for patients with asthma is conducive to the improvement of the therapeutic effect for asthma.

[Objective]To discuss the method and effectiveness of arthroscopically assisted mini-incision arthrolysis for the stiff knee.[Method]A small lateral suprapatellar incision was made in all 26 patients suffered from stiff knee,and the scissors were introduced the joint to release the adhesive tissues of patellofemoral joint.All adhesive tissues between the medial,lateral retinaculum and the femur,and the between vastus intermedius and femur were released subsequently.After the release of the adherence between the fat pad and femoral condyle,the lateral retinaculum was dissected 1 cm lateral to the patellae,and the dissection of medial retinaculum was applied at the insertion of the vastus medialis.Eventually,arthroscopic debridement and hemostasis combined with manipulative release was applied to remove all remanent adhesive bundles and scar tissues.[Result]Follow-ups were maintained for an average of 19 months(range,from 8-32 months).An increase in the average range of motion of the knee was attained from 32 degrees preoperatively to 113 degrees postoperatively.No complications such as skin necrosis,wound dehiscence,tendon rupture and fracture had occurred during the follow-up period.[Conclusion]The advantages of arthroscopically assisted mini-incision arthrolysis for the stiff knee include simple procedure,minimal trauma,and quick rehabilitation.Otherwise,reservation of the insertion of vastus medialis is of great importance not only for the maintenance of extensive strength and stability of the knee,but also for the functional recovery and the reduction of complications.

Objective China has the biggest population of commonly encountered liver diseases , so hepatology resear-ches are of great importance to human health .In order to comprehensively collect/organize and effectively share/display liv-er physiopathology knowledge scattered around databases and literature , a Human Liver Disease Ontology ( HuLDO ) is built and applied in many ways .Methods HuLDO systematically classified and annotated various human liver diseases based on extensive cross mapping and integration of several authoritative nomenclatures of diseases and two monographs of hepatology .Results In the present version , HuLDO encompassed knowledge of 227 human liver diseases and was enriched by plenty of synonyms,definitions, descriptions, references, and logical or pathological relations between different disea-ses.Compared with other existing nomenclatures , HuLDO extended far beyond them in the scope of liver diseases .Several applications of HuLDO in database construction , knowledge collection and text mining were also described .Conclusion HuLDO offers a sound basis for knowledge mining , data integration and data analysis in the field of hepatology .HuLDO is publicly available at ftp://liveratlas.hupo.org.cn/5.liver 5.liver%20Disease%20Ontology/.

In the present study, electron microscopic and cytochemical localization of succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) of the tumor-like growth tissue in the Tiger-head goldfish (Carassius aurtus) were attempted. The SDH was demonstrated according to the modified method described by Kerpel-Fronius and Hajos (1968). The main results are as follows:When the goldfish were twenty-months old, there was not only a highly active positive reaction of SDH on the periphery of jejune vesicle, but also on the mitochondria, cristae and cytoplasm membrane in the cells of the hyperplasitic tissue. At the same time, there were much crystal formation because cell disintegration. When the Tiger-head goldfish were ten and thirty-months old, the active reaction of SDH was not so strong as in the corresponding positions of cytodeme as When it was twenty-months old. The crystal formation were lesser than the others. But the control groups displayed the negative reaction of SDH in the corresponding positions.

Objective To study the chemical constituents of the petroleum and chloroform extracts of Galla Chinensis.Methods Using chromatography on silica gel column and thin-layer chromatography to isolate and purify the compounds;using spectroscopy methods to elucidate their structures;using double dilution to screen antibacterial activities on Fusarium oxysporum.Results Ten compounds were isolated and identified as 2-hydroxy-6-pentadecyl benzoic acid(Ⅰ),4-(pentadec-8-enyl) phenol(Ⅱ),plamitic acid-1,3-dipropyl ester(Ⅲ),?-sitosterol(Ⅳ),pentacosane(Ⅴ),4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzoic acid(Ⅵ),plamitic acid(Ⅶ),lauric acid(Ⅷ),myristic acid(Ⅸ),and gallic acid(Ⅹ).Conclusion Compounds Ⅰ-Ⅵ are obtained from Galla Chinensis for the first time.Compound Ⅰ shows moderate inhibitory activity on F.oxysporum.

Serum bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) , osteocalcin (OC) , C-telopeptides of type-1 collagen (CTx) , osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels, and bone mineral density (BMD) were evaluated in 62 hyperthyroid patients and 60 healthy subjects matched for sex and age. In hyperthyroid patients, the biochemical evaluations and bone density were performed before and after 6 months of methimazole ( MMI) treatment. Results showed that the BMD in lumbar spine L2 - L4, neck of femur, Ward's triangle and greater trochanter of patients before treatment were all significantly lower than those in healthy controls, and improved markedly after MMI treatment. The serum bone turnover parameters BAP, OC and CTx in patients before treatment were all significantly higher than those in control group, and were decreased markedly after treatment. The serum OPG level in patients with hyperthyroidism was significantly higher than that in healthy controls, and decreased markedly after treatment. The serum OPG levels were significantly correlated with bone turnover parameters ( BAP, OC, CTx) and BMD, which indicates that serum OPG level can reflect the abnormality of bone metabolism in patients with hyperthyroidism.

Objective To study the effects of mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)transfection on the proliferation of NIH3T3 fibroblasts.Methods The plasmid of pcDNA3-mTOR was transfected into NIH3T3 fibroblasts with electroporation method.The positive cell clones were selected with G418.The stable mRNA and protein expressions of mTOR in the cells were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis respectively.MTT assay was employed to observe the proliferation of NIH3T3 fibroblasts.Results mTOR mRNA and protein expressions increased obviously in transfected group than that of in control group(P

Objective To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance characteristics of pathogen in mastitis patients and to provide important foundation for clinical rational antibiotic use .Methods The bacterial isolates from 114 mastitis specimens were collected .Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were carried out .Results A total of 67 strains were isolated from clinical specimen ,in which Staphylococcus aureus[50 .7% (34/67)] and Staphylococcus epidermidis[44 .8% (30/67)] were themostcommonisolate,also Escherichiacoli[1.49% (1/67)],Klebsiellapneumoniae[1.49% (1/67)]andAcinetobactercalcoace-ticus[1 .49% (1/67)] were isolated .The rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) and methicillin-resistance to coagulase-negative Staphylococci(MRCNS) were 8 .8% and 46 .7% ,respectively .The sensitive rates of minocycline ,vancomycin , teicoplanin ,furadantin to MRSA strains were 100 .0% .The sensitive rates of vancomycin ,teicoplanin ,levofloxacin ,furadantin and oxacillin to methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus(MSSA) were 100 .0% .The sensitive rates of minocycline ,rifampin ,furadan-tin ,vancomycin ,teicoplanin and oxacillin to methicillin-sensitive to coagulase-negative Staphylococci(MSCNS) were 100 .0% .The sensitive rates of vancomycin ,teicoplanin ,minocycline and furadantin to MRCNS were 100 .0% .The resistance rates of penicillin to MRSA ,MSSA ,MSCNS ,MRCNS were 100 .0% .Conclusion Staphylococcus is the main pathogen of mastitis patients .Penicillin is not a first selective drug for acute mastitis .

Objective To explore the correlation between cystatin C (Cys C) and intima-media thickness of carotid artery (CIMT) in patients with hypertension.Methods One hundred and one patients with hypertension (hypertension group) and 54 healthy people (control group) were enrolled in this study.The level of serum Cys C was measured and CIMT was detected by B ultrasound.The correlation between Cys C and CIMT was analyzed.Results The level of Cys C and CIMT in hypertension group were significantly higher than those in control group [(0.92 ±0.21) mg/L vs.(0.85 ±0.20) mg/L,(0.91 ±0.16) mm vs.(0.65 ± 0.15) mm] (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01).Multiple linear correlation analysis showed that Cys C and CIMT was positively correlated in total population or hypertension group or control group (r =0.412,0.443,0.315,P ＜0.01).Conclusion Serum Cys C is associated with the degree of hypertension arteriosclerosis,and Cys C may be involved in atherosclerosis.

Objective To observe the thyroid hormone (TH) changes in patients with acute cerebral infarction in acute phase and convalescence,and to explore its clinical value.Methods Fifty cases of acute cerebral infarction patients from March 2015 to May 2016 in Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital were selected as observation group,at the same time 30 cases of healthy check-up people as control group.Serum levels of triiodothyronine (T3),thyroxine (T4),free triiodothyronine (FT3),free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured in 50 cases of acute cerebral infarction patients on the 2nd day (acute phase) and the 14th day (recovery) after onset of the disease,by using chemiluminescence method,and 30 cases of people underwent healthy physical check-up were treated the same way.Neurological injury and recovery of patients with cerebral infarction were evaluated using NIHSS.According to the recovery level of FT3,patients with cerebral infarction were divided into low FT3 group (FT3 ＜ 3.10 pmol/L) and normal FT3 group (FT3 ≥ 3.10 pmol/L).Prognosis of the patients was judged according to the NIHSS scores 90 days after discharged from the hospital,and NIHSS score improving acuity of 2 was judged as good prognosis.Results The T3 and FT3 levels in patients with acute cerebral infarction were significantly lower than those of people underwent healthy physical examination,the differences were statistically significant [(0.68 ± 0.22) vs(1.82 ± 0.31) nmol/L,(2.08 ± 0.31) vs (4.19 ± 0.75) pmol/L,all P ＜ 0.05].The T4,FT4 and TSH levels in patients with acute cerebral infarction were increased significantly,the differences were statistically significant [(142.56 ± 20.78) vs (109.89 ± 12.37) nmol/L,(12.88 ± 1.15) vs (9.77 ± 0.96) pmol/L,(5.15 ± 1.16) vs (2.95 ± 1.31) mU/L,all P ＜ 0.05].Compared with the acute phase,convalescence of cerebral infarction patients' serum T3 and FT3 levels [(1.75 ± 0.19) nmol/L,(3.97 ± 0.61) pmol/L] increased significantly,the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05),and T4,FT4 and TSH [(115.64 ± 14.38) nmol/L,(10.05 ± 1.02) pmol/L,(3.16 ± 0.98) mU/L] obviously decreased,the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with control group,convalescence of cerebral infarction patients' serum T3,T4,FT3,FT4 and TSH were not statistically different (all P ＞ 0.05).There was a negative correlation between FT3 levels and NIHSS scores on admission (r =-0.586,P ＜ 0.05).Ninety days after discharge,7 cases (38.89％) of the patients had a good prognosis in low FT3 group,and normal FT3 group had 22 cases (68.75％) of patients with good prognosis,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =7.186,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The thyroid hormone has a protective stress reaction in patients with acute cerebral infarction.The thyroid hormone level has changed significantly in the acute phase,and returned to normal level with improvement of the patients.As a biochemical indicator thyroid hormone detection can be used to estimate the prognosis of patients with acute cerebral infarction.