The role of bacterial biofilms in the chronic diseases has been recognized more and more. The experts in the centers for disease control and prevention of the United States estimate that 65% of human bacterial infection is involved with the biofilms. In the recent study. it has been proved that there is a high correlation between the bacterial biofilm and the pathogenesis and prognosis of chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS). In order to elucidate the role of bacteria films in the pathogenesis of CRS, we reviewed various method of testing the bacterial biofilms in CRS, and summarized the related researches. Based on the detection researches and summaries, we conclude that bacterial biofilm can contribute to the continuance and development (diffusion and repeated) of CRS. It can lead to the continuous inflammation by influencing the immune system of the mucous membrane. While there is little research on the bacterial biofilm. Further researches will be needed for the exact mechanism of the bacterial biofilm in CRS. in order to find more effective therapeutic method and targets.
Biofilms ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Sinusitis ; microbiology ; pathology

The current status of primary health institutions and personnels in China were analyzed based on the data from China Health and Family Planning Statistics Yearbook 2016 and China Health Statistics Summary 2018. By the end of 2017, there were 253 000 general practitioners in China, accounting for 7.46% of all practicing physicians or assistant physicians in the country(339 000). In 2017, the number of general practice residents was 8 517, accounting for 11.92% of all residents(71 430), which was 1.70% lower than that in 2016 (8 664) . The registered nurses in primary health care institutions were not sufficient, even the proportion of nursing to medical staff did not reach 1 ∶ 1 in primary settings. The distribution of primary health care institutions was not balanced. In the township hospitals and village clinics the number of practicing physicians or assistant physicians was far from meeting the requirement of the service. In view of the current problems, the social resources would be applied to promote the development of primary health care institutions and to improve the primary medical services in multiple ways such as personnel training, hardware construction, network construction and financial support, etc.

We constructed recombinant adenoviruses expressing miR-29b2c (Ad-miR29b2c), and analyzed their effects on the proliferation and migration of HGC-27 and MGC-803 cells. miR-29b2c gene was amplified by PCR from genomic DNA and cloned into the pAdTrack-CMV vector to create the shuttle plasmid pAdT-29b2c. The recombinant plasmid was verified by restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing. The linearized shuttle vector was mixed with an adenoviral backbone plasmid (pAdEasy-1), followed by cotransformation into competent BJ5183 cells to generate the recombinant plasmid pAd-miR-29b2c. Finally, recombinant adenoviral vectors were generated by transfecting the recombinant plasmid into 293A packaging cell line. HGC-27 and MGC-803 cells were infected with the recombinant adenoviruses expressing pAd-miR-29b2c, then MTT and wound-healing assay were used to analyze the effects of pAd-miR-29b2c on the proliferation and migration of HGC-27 and MGC-803 cells. The miR-29b and miR-29c levels were significantly increased in HGC-27 cells after infected with pAd-miR-29b2c. MTT and wound-healing analysis also revealed a significant decrease in proliferation and migration of HGC-27 and MGC-803 cells compared to the control Ad-GFP-infected cells. Furthermore, western blotting results demonstrated that the protein expression level of δ-catenin was reduced in pAd-miR-29b2c transfected HGC-27 and MGC-803 cells. Taken together, the recombinant adenoviral vector was generated, and it can significantly inhibit the proliferation and migration of HGC-27 and MGC-803 cells.