OBJECTIVE:To explore the standardized package of Metformin tablets to meet clinical needs. METHODS:Statis-tics was conducted for the utilization data of Metformin tablets in medical and health institutions from 6 cities of China;question-naires were designed to investigate and analyze the evaluation for the suitability of physicians,pharmacists and patients in the pre-scription,deployment and use links to Metformin tablets with different packaging loaded amount in Beijing and Haikou. RE-SULTS:For 0.5 g/tablet,the daily dose of 1.5 g accounted for the largest proportion (32.23%-69.91%) in 5 cities except for Chengdu. Totally 490 questionnaires about package suitability of Metformin tablets in outpatient department were sent out,includ-ing 478 valid questionnaires with effective rate of 97.5%. Results showed that packaging quantity with 4 weeks was considered as appropriate by physicians,pharmacists and patients in Beijing;however,packaging quantity with 1-2 week(s) was considered as appropriate by physicians,pharmacists and patients in Haikou;300-500 tablets of packaging quantity were preferred to be appropri-ate with the matching degree of automatic dispensing machines in both places. CONCLUSIONS:Considering the results in 2 plac-es,for 0.5 g/tablet,2 weeks is appropriate for the packaging loaded amount in outpatient department,that is 0.5 g×45 tablets/box;and 300-500 tablets/box is appropriate for inpatient pharmacies.

Objective To observe the effect of comfort levels in patients during long-term video electroencephalographic(VEEG) monitoring on the monitoring effect. Methods A total of 168 patients with consecutive epilepsy were observed about the Bruggrmann comfort scale(BCS) and artifacts of VEEG during VEEG monitoring. Pearson′s correlation coefficient was used to evaluate a possible correlation between BCS and artifacts. Results The average single score before VEEG, including psychological comfort, social comfort, comfortable environment and overall comfort was (2.87±1.04), (2.63±0.98), (2.40± 1.25), (2.84 ± 0.90), (2.69 ± 1.07) points, which was (2.06 ± 1.38), (1.66 ± 1.40), (1.89 ± 0.57), (1.83 ± 1.24), (1.86 ± 1.19) points after VEEG. There was significant difference between 2 groups (t=4.011-6.353, P<0.05). The overall comfort score and the average single project blinks or eye movement artifacts, physical artifacts, chewing or swallowing artifacts and electrocardiogram artifacts were negatively correlated (r=-0.843--0.585, all P < 0.05), which would reduce the number of these artifacts when increased; there was no correlation (r=-0.204,-0.158, P>0.05) between the average single score of comfort and sweating, skin artifacts, and electrocardiogram artifact. Conclusions There is a significant negative correlation between patient's BCS and the occurrence of artifacts during VEEG monitoring. Comfort evaluation and comfort care before monitoring has great significance in raising the long-term VEEG monitoring accuracy.

Background and purpose:Radiotherapy is the main method to manage head and neck tumors.About half of the patients with malignant tumor in head and neck could obtain long term survival through radiotherapy or other therapy combined with radiotherapy.However,it is necessary to clinically detect whether carotid stenosis is a major sequela of head and neck irradiation,especially in long term survivors such as patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.We analyzed this injury and the degree of carotid stenosis,and its related factors to provide information to reduce and delay the incidence of this injury.Methods:We analyzed the degree of arterial stenosis of the nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients who received radiotherapy and had survived more than three years in Cancer Hospital Fudan University,compared with newly diagnosed as nasopharyngeal carcinoma before radiotherapy.The degree of carotid artery injury was observed and the clinical factors which affect its occurrence and development.All patients were low differentiated squamous cell carcinoma confirmed by pathology.All patients were examined with color doppler ultrasound to detect the carotid artery.The main end points were the diameter of carotid artery,the peak systolic and end diastolic velocities.Results:Arterial stenosis was more common in the reserch group than the control group(80% vs 20%,P＜0.001).The common and internal carotid arteries were most commonly involved(70% vs 20%,P＜0.001;6313% vs 10%,P＜0.001),followed by the external carotid artery(30% vs 3.3%,P=0.015).Significant stenosis was only found in the research group,common carotid arteries 36.7%,internal carotid arteries 23.3%,external carotid arteries10%.Conclusion:This study showed that radiation could cause significant carotid stenosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients who had received radiotherapy more than 3 years previously.Carotid stenosis developed more frequently in the common carotid artery and intemal carotid artery on the side that had received radiotherapy.

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of Chinese Traditional Medical therapy of supplementing Qi, nourishing Yin and strengthening genuine Qi on hemiplegia after stroke.Methods102 cases of hemiplegic patients were divided into 2 groups randomly, observational group (52 cases) and control group (50 cases), who were all treated with routine medicine and early rehabilitation. Observational group accepted Shenqi Fuzheng Injection or Shengmai Injection according to their syndrome for 28 days. Before and after treatment (within 3 days), simple Fug-Meyer Assessment Scale, modified Barthel index and gait analysis were used to evaluate the function of motor, activity of daily living (ADL) and walking.ResultsBoth groups improved their function of upper and lower limb's movement, ADL and walking significantly (P<0.001) after treatment. Compared with the control group, except for motor of upper limps, the patients in observational group improved their function more significantly (P<0.05).ConclusionChinese Traditional Medical therapy of supplementing Qi, nourishing Yin and strengthening genuine Qi may help the recovery of hemiplegia after stroke.

Objective To observe the effect of scalp acupuncture on cognitive and motor functions of stroke patients in recovery stage.Methods80 stroke patients with cognitive disorder were randomly divided into the scalp acupuncture group (n=41) and control group (n=39). All patients of two groups were treated with routine therapy and rehabilitation training, but the cases of the scalp acupuncture group were added with scalp acupuncture. The cognitive function, motor function and activities of daily living (ADL) of all patients were assessed by delitescence and amplitude of event-related potential (ERP) P300, Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Barthel Index (BI) respectively before and 3 months after treatment.ResultsAfter treatment, P300 delitescence of the patients in the scalp acupuncture group shorten to 38 ms in average while in the control group shorten only to 17 ms, the therapeutic effect of the scalp acupuncture group was superior to that of the control group ( P<0.05). The scores of FMA and BI of the patients in the scalp acupuncture group were also better than those in the control group ( P<0.05).ConclusionScalp acupuncture can efficiently improve the cognitive function of stroke patients in the recovery stage, and promote the recovery of motor function and ADL.

Objective To observe the effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation quadruple therapy on serum thromboxane A2 (TXA2), prostacyclin (PGI2) and platelet activating factor (PAF) levels in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). Methods Ninety patients with AP admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM from January 2016 to March 2017, and they were divided into an observation group and a control group according to the random numbers generated by computer inpatients, 45 cases in each group. The control group was given routine treatment of western medicine, and the observation group was given TCM syndrome differentiation quadruple therapy according to the patient's disease individual situation and on the basis of western medicine treatment. The TCM syndrome differentiation quadruple therapy included the following methods: intragastric administration of TCM decoction [gastrointestinal excess heat syndrome (rhubarb, sodium sulfate, aurantii fructus immaturus, magnolia bark, etc.), damp heat syndrome of liver and gallbladder (radix bupleuri, aurantii fructus immaturus, baical skullcap root, rhubarb, etc.), each group of above agents immersed in water and decocted to make juice 400 mL, once 100 mL taken orally, every 4 hours]; retention enema with TCM decoction [rhubarb, magnolia bark, aurantii fructus immaturus, sodium sulfate (dissolved) etc, each dose of agents forming decoction 400 mL, 200 mL taken for proctoclysis, once every 6 hours]; Chinese medicine package (boswellin, myrrha, dandelion, coptidis rhizoma and so on crushed and mixed with honey, then applied to the body surface of the pancreas and its periphery, 1 dose each time for 4 hours, once a day ); intravenous drip of blood-activating and stasis-resolving TCM (Dengzhanhuasu injection 100 mg added to 5% glucose solution 250 mL for intravenous drip). The times of disappearance of abdominal distension, abdominal pain, and the recovery times of bowel sound, blood amylase, lipase, C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC) levels to normal were compared between the two groups; the modified CT severity index (MCTSI) score and the changes of serum TXA2, PAF and PGI2 levels were observed before and after treatment in the two groups. Results The abdominal pain and abdominal distension disappearance times in observation group were shorter than those in control group [abdominal pain (days): 5.07±1.88 vs. 6.02±1.89, abdominal distension (days): 3.50±1.49 vs. 4.40±1.53, both P < 0.05]; the recovery times of bowel sounds, WBC, CRP, amylase and lipase to normal were shorter than those of the control group [bowel sounds (days): 4.05±1.79 vs. 5.00±1.55, WBC (days): 3.93±1.49 vs. 5.98±2.90, CRP (days): 6.17±2.46 vs. 7.92±2.84, blood amylase (days): 3.5 (3.0, 5.0) vs. 5.0 (3.0, 5.5), lipase (days): 5.0 (3.0, 7.0) vs. 6.5 (5.0, 9.0), all P <0.05]; the scores of MCTSI in the two groups were lower than those before treatment and the degree of decrease in the observation group was more significant than that in the control group [2 (0, 4) vs. 4 (0, 6), P < 0.05]. The TXA2 and PAF levels of the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment and the level of PGI2 was significantly higher than that before treatment; after treatment for 3 days, the differences between the two groups showed statistical significance and on the 7th day after treatment, the degrees of improvement in observation group were more obvious than those of the control group [TXA2 (ng/L): 276.81±31.48 vs. 345.42±47.27, PAF (ng/L): 72.65±17.61 vs. 89.77±15.59, PGI2 (ng/L): 104.43±18.67 vs. 94.37±17.91, all P < 0.05]; on the 14th day after treatment, the values of the two groups were very close and there were no statistically significant differences (all P >0.05). Conclusions The TCM differentiation syndrome quadruple therapy for treatment of AP is beneficial to the disappearance of clinical symptoms of patients with different syndromes, recovery of abnormal signs and improvement of laboratory indexes, and its early use can significantly reduce the serum levels of TXA2, PAF and increase the level of PGI2 in patients with AP.

Objective: To investigate the usage frequency of radiological diagnosis devices in ten hospitals in Tianjin, China, and to provide a basis for the survey of medical radiation frequency in Tianjin. Methods: Ten hospitals from the ten districts in Tianjin were enrolled as subjects by a convenient sampling method. A survey was conducted to assess the general information and radiological diagnosis device information and usage frequency in those hospitals in 2016. The radiological examination frequency in Tianjin was estimated. Results: A total of 610 458 patients received radiological examinations in the sampled hospitals in 2016. In those patients, 371 882 received X-ray examinations for imaging and 238 576 for computed tomography (CT) ; there were slightly more female patients than male patients, suggesting a relatively equal gender distribution; patients older than 40 years accounted for 65.53%, which was the highest among all the age groups. Different types of radiological diagnosis devices were mostly used in tertiary and secondary hospitals. In Tianjin, the estimated frequency of X-ray examination for imaging and CT scanning was 451 and 188 per thousand people, respectively, in 2016. Conclusion The frequency of radiological diagnosis is relatively high in the ten hospitals in Tianjin. The investigation of medical radiation in Tianjin needs to be improved.

Objective:To study the level of CT dose to paediatric patients in Tianjin, and to provide basic data for establishing the diagnostic reference levels for paediatric patients from CT examinations in Tianjin.Methods:In 2022, a general survey was carried out of the CT doses to the head, chest, abdomen and pelvis of the scanned paediatric patients in two tertiary pediatric hospitals and seven tertiary general hospitals in Tianjin. The scanned pediatric patients were divided into four age groups in terms of the age of -1, -5, -10 and -15 years, and 20 patients were investigated in each age group in each hospital. The basic information were collected on the scanned patients, CT scanning parameters, volume CT dose index (CTDI vol), dose length product (DLP), and the differences in CTDI vol and DLP on the same site among different age groups and different types of hospitals were analyzed. Results:There were significant differences in CTDI vol and DLP between different age groups at the same site (head, chest, abdominal and pelvic, CTDI vol:χ2=296.51, 193.82, 291.72, P<0.001; DLP: χ2=291.22, 263.63, 344.97, P<0.001). There were significant differences in CTDI vol and DLP among different types of hospitals on the same site (head, chest, abdominal and pelvic, CTDI vol:Z=-13.13, -7.57, -15.27, P<0.001; DLP: Z=-9.07, -6.15, -11.57, P < 0.001). Conclusions:The 75 th percentile values of CTDI vol and DLP for pediatric head, chest, abdomen and pelvis CT scanning in tertiary hospitals in Tianjin are at a good level, and the dose on some examination sites are relatively high. Further optimization of pediatric CT scanning procedures is necessary.