Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy can be used to both identify and quantify chemicals from complex mixtures. Over the last several decades, significant technical and experimental advances have made quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) a valuable analytical tool for quantitative measurements of a wide variety of samples. This particular approach is now being exploited to characterize the metabolomes of many different biological samples and is called quantitative metabolomics or targeted metabolic profiling. In this review, some of the strengths, limitations of NMR-based quantitative metabolomics will be discussed as well as the practical considerations necessary for acquisition with an emphasis on their use for bioanalysis. Recent examples of the application of this particular approach to metabolomics studies will be also presented.

Objective To analyses the effect of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction on the expression of Caspase-3 in human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A 549) tumor-bearing mice’spleen. Method 24 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the control group(given saline),low-dose and high-dose Buzhong Yiqi Decoction groups,cisplatin(DDP)group;Buzhong Yiqi Decoction was administered twice daily for 10 days consecutively and DDP was administered once daily for 3 days consecutively, after 15 days was the spleens of all tumor-bearing mice were obtained.The expression of Caspase-3 protein and Caspase-3 mRNA in every group were detected by immunohistochemical method seperately and polymerase chain reaction method seperately. Results Compared with control group,the result of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of the Caspase-3 protein in Buzhong Yiqi Decoction low-dose group and high-dose group were both ssignificantly increased (P<0.05). The differences hetween DDP group and control group was not significant, but the differences between DDP sroup and Buzhong Yigi Decoction Low-dose sroup and hishdoe group were significant (P<0.05, P<0.01).The result of RFPCR was accordance with the result of immunohisto chemistry. Conclusion Buzhong Yiqi Decoction can increase the expression of Caspase-3 protein in A549 ctumor-bearing mice’spleen,and promote the Caspase-3’s inducing effect on tumor cell apoptosis.

Objective:To explore therapeutic effect of carvedilol combined valsartan on patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).Methods:A total of 98 CHF patients were selected from our hospital from Feb 2012 to Dec 2014. According to random number table,they were randomly and equally divided into control group (received valsartan therapy) and combined treatment group (received valsartan combined carvedilol therapy).Therapeutic effect and incidence rate of adverse reactions were compared between two groups.Results:There were no significant differ- ence in all cardiac function indexes before treatment between two groups (P>0.05 all).After treatment,compared with control group,there were significant reductions in HR [(95±14)beats/min vs.(74±16)beats/min],left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDd)[(74.9±2.9)mm vs.(50.9±1.7)mm],left ventricular end-sys- tolic dimension (LVESd)[(64.9±3.8)mm vs.(45.7±2.0)mm],left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LV- EDV)[(198.7±60.5)ml vs.(165.9±52.3)ml]and left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV)[(148.9± 62.7)ml vs.(111.4±51.7)ml];and significant rise in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)[(34.2±6.5)%vs.(56.9±10.1)%]and stroke volume (SV)[(68.4±5.1)ml vs. (81.5±6.0)ml]in combined treatment group,P<0.05 or <0.01.Total effective rate of combined treatment group was significantly higher than that of valsartan group (91.8% vs.71.4%),P<0.01.There were all no apparent adverse reactions in both groups.Con-clusion:The therapeutic effect of valsartan combined carvedilol is significant and its safety is good in patients with chronic heart failure.

Objective To investigate the preventive effect of midazolam pretreatment against neurotoxicity of ropivacaine and the underlying mechanism. Methods Thirty male SD rats aged 4-6 months weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 animals in each group: group Ⅰ blank control; group Ⅱ ropivacaine (R) and group Ⅲ midazolam-ropivacaine (M-R). In group R and M-R 0.75% ropivacaine was infused i.v. at a rate of 0.5 ml?min-1 until the animal developed convulsion. The animals were killed and brains were immediately removed for detennination of glutamate, aspartate, glycine and GABA content in the brain. Venous blood samples were taken for determination of pH and plasma concentration of lactate. The total amount of ropivacaine infused was calculated.Results The plasma lactate concentration was significantly higher and pH was significantly lower in group R than in blank control group. The concentrations of the 4 amino acids in the brain were significantly increased in group R and M-R as compared with the blank control group. The aspartate, glycine and GABA contents in the brain were significantly lower in M-R group than in R group. The total amount of ropivacaine infused i.v. was significant larger in group M-R than in group R.Conclusion Midazolam pretreatment can prevent the neurotoxicity of ropivacaine by modulating the balance between excitatory and inhibitory amino acids.

Objective To evaluate the effect of postoperative patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on respiratory function in patients aged over 65 years Methods 41 ASA Ⅰ Ⅱ patients (male 22,female 19)aged between 65 80 years, weighing 58 78kg, scheduled for upper abdominal surgery were divided randomly into two groups: control group(n=20)and PCEA group(n=21) Epidural block was performed at T 8 9 with an epidural catheter inserted cranially for 4 cm A test dose of 1 5% lidocaine 4 5ml was given via epidural catheter When epidural blockade was confirmed, general anesthesia was induced with diazepam 0 2mg?kg -1 ,etomidate 0 3 mg?kg -1 ,fentanyl 4?g?kg -1 and vecuronium 0 1mg?kg -1 ,and maintained with epidural 0 5% bupivacaine infusion (6 7ml/2h) combined with inhalation of low concentration of isoflurane and intermittent iv boluses of fentanyl and vecuronium For postoperative analgesia in control group intramuscular pethidine was given on demand; In PCEA group PCEA was used A loading dose of 3ml of 0 15% bupivacaine mixture (morphine 10mg and haloperidol 5mg/0 15% bupivacaine 100ml) followed by continuous infusion of 0 5 1ml/h Superimposed by boluses of 2ml with a lock out time of 25min The maximal amount of bupivacaine mixture was 8ml/h VAS, Bruggman′s comfort scale and Rawsay′s sedation score were evaluated BP, HR, respiratory rate (RR) and SpO 2 were measured and recorded every 30min 4 h after operation Vital volume, Forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume (first second:FEV 1 0 ),PEEP, MMEF were measured before operation and on 1st,3rd,5th and 7th postoperative days Blood gas analysis was checked before operation, during operation (30min and 90min after induction of anesthesia) and the 1st,3rd, 5th and 7th postoperative days Results The total amount of narcotic in 72h was 11 36mg (morphine equivalent dose) in control group and 5 4mg in PCEA group VAS was higher in control group than PCEA group The postoperative respiratory function was significantly better in PECA group Conclusions In elderly patient after upper abdominal operation PECA can greatly improve the respiratory function with better analgesia

Many methods can by used for the quantitative determination of the three types of immu-noglobulin. On the basis of the single radial immuno-diffusion method used by John L. Fahey,certain modifications have been made on the methods of diluting standard solutions and theirconcentrations, and the standard concentration of the immunoglobulins and the antibody-con-taining agar diffusion plates. In order to find the optimum condition of cultivation, theeffects of various temperatures and various cultivation time given by G. Mancini et al havebeen checked, and satisfactory standard curves have been obtained. Therefore, the accuracyof the analytical results is guaranteed. According to the results obtained, there is no observable effect on the diameter of theprecipitating ring when the temperature in culture-box is 35?C to 40?C and the cultivationtime extends to 96 hrs.

Objective To observe the effect of Hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) on proliferation of human lung cancer cell line A549 in vitro. Method Using cell calture and MTT assay to observe the effect of HCPT on proliferation of human lung cancer cell line A549. Result Lower concentration of HCPT had no evident inhibitory effect on the human lung cancer cell line A549 after 24 h. The effect was evident when the concentration of HCPT was up to 50 ?g/mL, and the inhibitory rate was 44.17%. The inhibitory rate was 50.28% when the concentration of HCPT was up to 100 ?g/mL. The inhibitory effect of HCPT became more significant with the stimulation of the time, and the inhibitory rate of 100 ?g/mL concentration of HCPT was 70.98% after 48 h. Conclusions HCPT can inhibit the proliferation of human lung cancer cell A549 in vitro. The effect is dose and time dependent.

Objective To explore the treatment of traumatically amputated penis and the causes of success and failure in the varieties of procedures used to heal the wound and restore function. Methods Two patients with traumatically amputated penis were treated by operation. Results In one case the operation was successful, and in the other case it was unsuccessful. Conclusion There were numerous variables contributed to the success or failure of penile replantation. The most important factors were contamination and exsanguine time of the amputated portion of the penis. The actual surgical procedures and the appropriate pre-operative and post-operative treatments were crucial to the outcome as well.

Gold nanostructures with unique optical and photo-thermal properties based on their size and shape have wide applica-tion potential in tumor diagnosis, imaging, photo-thermal therapy, and drug delivery because of surface plasmon resonance. The optical properties of gold nanomaterials allow its use for dark field imaging, optical coherence tomography, and two-photon imaging. Gold nanomaterials can also be used as carriers for a variety of fluorescent molecules and drugs, achieving multifunctional imaging, chemo-therapy, photodynamic therapy, and so on. Photon-electron and electron-electron interactions of gold nanomaterials, which are excited by near-infrared laser, will generate heat that can be used for tumor photothermal therapy. This phenomenon promotes drug release, and photoacoustic imaging. The combined application of hyperthermia and chemotherapy based on gold nanoparticles is effective in opti-mizing the efficacy of cancer treatments. Therefore, gold nanoparticles can integrate multiple functions into one single system and real-ize the integration of tumor diagnosis and therapy, which provide new insights for the on-demand therapy and personalized medicine de-velopment. This study reviews the recent progress of several gold nanoparticles in the integrated applications for tumor theranostics, in-cluding gold nanoshells, gold nanorods, hollow gold nanospheres, gold nanocages, and gold nanostars. The major strategies of gold nanomaterials in biomedical applications are also discussed.

Objective To investigate the relationship between hereditary deafness and SLC26A4 gene IVS16+10C>T mutation.Methods One hundred and two patients with hereditary deafness admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College from January 2014 to May 2016 were enrolled and assigned as the observation group, and another 102 cases with normal hearing were selected as the control group. The gene mutation types and hearing thresholds were detected in the two groups and compared between them, the mutations of alleles 1 and 2 situations of patients with GJB2 and SLC26A4 mutations were analyzed, Ab initio software was used to predict whether there was obstacle preventing the recognition on slice sites, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was adopted to detect the common mutation types of SLC26A4 gene.Results In 102 patients with hereditary deafness, the cases caused by SLC26A4 gene mutations were more than those caused by GJB2 gene mutations (30 cases vs. 15 cases). Compared with the normal hearing control group, the mutation rates of GJB2 and SLC26A4 genes were significantly increased in the observation group [GJB2: 14.71% (15/102) vs. 2.94% (3/102), SLC26A4: 29.41% (30/102) vs. 1.96%(2/102), bothP <0.01], and there was a tendency that the percentages of GJB2 and SLC26A4 mutations were increased (GJB2: 0.98%, 1.96%, 4.90%, 6.86%, SLC26A4: 4.90%, 6.86%, 7.84%, 9.80%) with the increase of the severity of deafness (mild—moderate—severe—extreme severe) in the observation group. Compared with the control group, the hearing threshold was significantly increased (dB: 67.83±8.96 vs. 10.43±2.89,P < 0.01), and along with the increase of deafness severity (mild—moderate—severe—extreme severe), the hearing threshold (dB) was increased (34.96±4.98, 58.42±10.61, 83.96±12.17, 96.77±11.42, respectively) in the observation group. Thirty patients with SLC26A4 gene did not show any IVS16+10C>T mutation, indicating that IVS16+10C>T gene mutation was not the cause of genetic deafness.Conclusion There is no obvious relationship between the IVS16+10C>T mutation of SLC26A4 gene and patients with hereditary deafness, which may provide a basis clinically for the prediction of deafness occurrence in the patient's next generation.