Objective:To reseach the effects of focused ultrasound on the capability of proliferation that human hepatocarcinoma cell SMMC7721 have in vitro,and to determine the mechamism of this therapy initially.Methods:To irradiate the SMMC7721 cell which is in logarithmic growth time with ultrasound.The dosage of ultrasound was 0.8MHz 20W 25s,which make 70% of SMMC7721 cell that had been irradiated alive.The changes in cell morphology,biochemistry and gene expression were observed with immunohistochemistry and hybridization in situ.Results:The ultrastructure of SMMC7721 cell was changed by focused ultrasound,and the ultrasound could inhibit the expression of VEGF,PCNA,VEGF mRNA and PCNA mRNA( P

Objective: To construct a replication-competent adenovirus shuttle plasmids named pAd-delE1b55kD,which can transfect the cell of tumor targeted.Methods: delete the E1B55 region of pXC1 and retain a site for Bgl II by such technique of gene recombination as nested PCR;verify the correctness of pAd-delE1b55kD by gel image analysis and sequencing the gene order.Results: The 2279~3326 region of E1B in pXC1 was deleted.The 2024 basic radical C was mutated to T,the 2252 basic radical C to T and the 2261 basic radical G to T.Stop codon TGA?TAG and TAA were inserted.A site for Bgl II was retained in downstream of the stop codon.Conclusion: The replication-competent adenovirus shuttle plasmids named pAd-delE1b55kD is constructed,which provided a carrier for the gene therapy of tumor targeted.

Objective To find the best level of transducer when continuous invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring using evidence-based approach. Methods Searched in three databases (Cochrane, PubMed,sinoMED), meanwhile the website of related academic societies,supplemented with Citation Index. Results There were 11 articles after selected. The majority of evidences (9 articles) suggested leveling with the heart, one suggested leveling with the catheter tip,and the other one regarded the matter as nothing important. Conclusions Transducer should be leveled to align the heart rather than the tip of arterial catheter when continuous invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring, but it doesn't matter which surface landmark of the heart. It was suggested that changing the level of transducer when changing the patient position or head of bed.

Objective To construct the conditionally replicating adenovirus vector Ad-delE1b55kD-shRNA/Survivin-EGFP that can transfects into HT-29 effectually and selectively and contains shRNA targeting to human Survivin gene.Methods EGFP geoe and shRNA gene were inserted into pAd-delE1b55kD,then pAd-delE1b55kD-shRNA/Survivin-EGFP was obtained.The plasmid and pBHGE3 were cotransfected into HEK-293 cell to obtain the conditionally replicating adenovirus vector Ad-delE1b55kD-shRNA/Survivin-EGFP.Then DNA of the adenovirus vector was extracted and identified.The transfection efficiency of the vector to HT-29 and LO2 was detected.The expression of Survivin mRNA and protein was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.Results EGFP gene and shRNA gene targeting to human Survivin mRNA were inserted into conditionally replicating adenovirus vector successfully,proven by sequencing.The transfection efficiency to HT-29 of Ad-delE1b55kD-shRNA/Survivin-EGFP was significantly higher than replication defective adenovirus and liposome vector(P

Objective To investigate the effect of RNAi-mediated survivin gene with conditionally replicating adenovirus Ad-de-lE1b55KD-shRNA/survivin-EGFP silencing on propagation and apoptosis of colon carcinoma cell lines HT-29 .Methods Ad-de-lE1b55KD-shRNA/survivin-EGFP was transfected to transplantation tumor on athymic mouse ,replication defective adenovirus and liposome vector which was contained the same shRNA as Ad-delE1b55KD-shRNA/survivin-EGFP were as control one .Then the change of transplantation tumor on athymic mouse was tested ,and TUNEL was used to assay the apoptosis rate of transplantation tumor cells .Results After transfection of Ad-delE1b55KD-shRNA/survivin-EGFP ,the quality of transplantation tumor on athymic mouse were reduced and the apoptosis rate of transplantation tumor cells were higher than replication defective adenovirus and lipo -some vector which was contained the same shRNA (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The effect of Ad-delE1b55KD-shRNA/survivin-EGFP to colon carcinoma cell on propagation and apoptosis were higher than replication defective adenovirus and liposome vector .

The standard surgery intern orientation is very important. The surgery intern orien-tation is completed by surgery education division (SED) in the U.S.A. The orientation includes speech from director of surgery department. the interaction part presided by surgical teachers, topic groups for discussing. Then the faculties of SED will explain the core competences which are required by accred-itation council on graduate medical education (ACGME), educational activities of department, the re-view process for resident physicians. The orientation also includes occupation development plan for residents; manners, teamwork and communication to patients; surgical basic skills training, system management, feedback and evaluation etc. The expectation of this article is for the improvement of Chinese surgery intern orientation.

Objective To comprehend spatial characteristics of the cavity created by a working space market.Methods 40 patients were successively operated according to the surgJical mode of minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy from Jan.2010 to Aug.2010.Instead of hand-retraction.a mechanical arm-working space marker type I(WSM-I(R)，MIEO Medinstr Co.Ltd，China)，was applied to establish a working space.After the pathway making，a cavity above the gland was created and adjusted properly by the space maker，and then，endoscopic view was built and manipulation in the cavity was progressed throughout the later process.Geometric measurement of the cavity were performed at abasic space positionjust after the initial cavitation，and parameters such as length，width and height of the cavity were measured with a specifically scale-marked puncture needle(MC1820，Bard4(R)Max·Cor(R)Instrument)through mini-holes lay in the lifting hook(φ4mm，middle point and distant point).Results13 cases received a lobectomy and isthmectomy.The other 27 cases received a partial thyroidectomy.Dimensional parameters were calculated as below.①The basic length of cavity button was(4.35±0.39)cm.The basic width of cavity button(distance at central point)was(4.66±0.53)cm.The basic central height of cavity was( 1.36±0.34)cm.The maximal central height archived by readjusting was(1.66±0.32)cm and a height increase of0.3 cm can be achieved(22.1％).②The basic peripheral height was(0.98±0.29)cm.The maximal peripheral height archived by readjusting directionally was(1.33±0.14)cm and a height increase of 0.35 cm can be achieved(35.7％).③Statistic analysis yielded a negative correlation between the cavity volume and the size of the nodule.Conclusions The working space created by WSM-I appears to be an laigh and irregular trapezoid stock with oblique roof formed by lifting hook.Although vertical height，especially the peripheral height，is a major restrictive dimension，the cavity can still be usable and enough for factual observation and manipulation，due tocompensating effectof endoscope，finite space requirement of harmonica anddirectional volume shiftingof WSM.

Background and purpose:Life expectancy has continuously improved in recently years with the development of medical level. In 2012, the amount of people who were above 60 years old has reached 810 million and account for 11% of worldwide population. The worldwide population shift towards older ages will inevitably lead to more elderly patients being diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It still remains controversial whether sublobar resection is effective in such cases. In order to solve this question, we need to understand the clinical characteristics of these tumors. Methods:From 2006 to 2012, a total of 310 patients with NSCLC who were above 65 years old underwent surgical resection in Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Afifliated Hospital of China Medical University and the Second Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Jilin Province Tumor Hospital. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed in sex, stage, histology, smoking status, smoking amount, drinking status, surgical approaches, multimodality therapy and overall survival. Survival was analyzed by Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test. Results:There were 256 (82.6%) elderly patients who underwent standard lobectomies and 54 (17.4%) patients who underwent sublobar resections. The overall 5-year survival rate was 52.9%. Patients with different surgical approaches (lobectomy and sublobar resection) had nearly the same 5-year survival rates (60.5%vs 60.8%, P=0.381). The prognosis were signiifcantly inlfuenced by gender (P=0.024), stage of disease (P=0.028), smoking status (P=0.034) and smoking amount (P=0.028). The multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that the smoking status was associated with the hazard ratio of 1.660 (1.058-2.606;P=0.028). Conclusion:In elderly NSCLC patients, sublobar resection is considered to be an appropriate treatment in comparison with lobectomy, as this procedure provides an equivalent long-term survival. The survival of elderly patients with lung cancer is closely related to the smoking status.

BACKGROUND:Deer antlers are the unique mammalian organs which can periodical y regenerate, and the process is known as a stem cel-based event. Exploring the underlying mechanism of deer antler regeneration and indentifying the functional role of stem cellin mammalian organ regeneration are of great importance to regenerative biology and regenerative medicine.
OBJECTIVE:To review the relevant literatures of the research progress in antler regeneration, as wel as effects of stem cells and cytokines on antler regeneration.
METHODS:A computer-based online search of PubMed (1994-01/2012-10) was performed for acquiring the articles in English by using the key words of“deer antler;antler regeneration;stem cell. In addition, manual search was also performed for those literatures that cannot be readily obtained from internet search. Articles concerning antler regeneration histology, morphology, antler stem cells and micro-environmental studies, and related cytokines. Repetitive studies or articles that are unrelated to the criteria set for the article were excluded.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 87 articles were obtained and final y 31 articles were selected. The key tissue types for antler regeneration are antlerogenic periosteum and pedicle periosteum, the cells within which are known as antler stem cells. The covering skin of antlerogenic periosteum and pedicle periosteum constitutes the functional niche for antler stem cells. Numerous cytokines are involved in the process of antler fast growing and ful regeneration, including insulin-like growth factor, sex hormones, human epidermal growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor. It is vital y important to identify the interacting molecules between the antler stem cells and their niche celltypes, and to define the role of each molecule that plays in antler regeneration, which wil greatly advance our knowledge of the stem cel-based mammalian organ regeneration.