Primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL) is mostly composed by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with a high degree of malignancy and often masquerades as uveitis.Moreover,it has a poor prognosis,therefore the early diagnosis and treatment are very important.Cytology,cytokine analysis,immunohistochemistry and genetic testing are often used in combination to improve the diagnosis rate of PIOL,however,eye tissue biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis of PIOL.Currently,since there is no unified treatment program,the main treatment is given priority to local chemotherapy and orbital radiotherapy,and the use of multiple therapies can improve the efficacy of refractory PIOL.Base on these,this article reviews the current diagnosis and treatment for providing certain reference.

Objective To investigate the effect of pre - washing without heparin on adequacy of hemodialysis. Methods Using self-control method, fifty hemodialysis patients received pre-washing with heparin in normal saline and normal saline. Then we tested Kt/v by online clearance monitoring and observed clotting condition of dialyzer and hemodialysis tubes. Results There were no difference of Kt/v between two methods. After hemodialysis, no clotting phenomenon was found in dialyzer. There was a little pot of coagulation in artery and vein pot, but no significant difference between two methods. Conclusions Pre-washing with normal saline alone can not only ensure the adequacy of hemodialysis, but also reduce the risk of cross infection and reduce the amount of heparin, simplify operational procedures, so it should be promoted.

Applying scientific literature in the teaching of nutrition and food hygiene is neces-sary. It can not only deepen students' understanding of the course and improve students' English level and scientific research ability, but also can improve teachers' professional skill. To improve the effi-ciency of teaching, teachers should choose literature close to the course and pay attention to selecting review literature and English literature. Textbook should be principal line of study during the teach-ing. Teachers should control the number and timing of explaining literature and grasp the complexity of literature. In order to facilitate students' understanding, teachers should make full use of related figures and tables.

Objective To investigate the significance of serum homocysteine (HCY) level in the patients with diabetic macroangiopathy, and analyze the related risk factors.Methods Case control study.279 diabetics (male 198, female 111) aged 59.6(55.0-67.0) were selected in Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital from May 2015 to February 2016.According to the medical history and Carotid intima-media thickness, they were divided into carotid artery disease group (137 cases), cardiovascular disease group (197 cases) and cerebrovascular disease group (29 cases).We detected veinal blood HCY , fasting blood glucose, glycated albumin, total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, L-, gamma glutamyl transferase, urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, cholesterol, three triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, glycosylated hemoglobin and albumin , creatinine in urine.The groups were compared with Mann-Whitney U test and χ2 test;Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the correlations between HCY and other indicators;logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors of diabetic macroangiopathy and its subclasses;ROC curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of HCY and uric acid in diabetic macroangiopathy.Results HCY in diabetic with macroangiopathy group was significant hiher than that in diabetic without macroangiopathy group 10.40(8.50-12.48) μmol/L 9.10(7.50-10.70) μmol/L, P<0.01).The incidence of diabetic macroangiopathy (χ2=7.030, P=0.030) and carotid artery lesions (χ2=7.258, P=0.027) was different in patients with different HCY levels.The correlation coefficients of HCY with urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, urinary albumin/creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were 0.340, 0.248, 0.278, 0.133,-0.369 (P<0.05), respectively.HCY was a risk factor for diabetic macroangiopathy, carotid plaque and cardiovascular disease;HCY, age and uric acid were independent risk factors for some of the diabetic macroangiopathy (P<0.05);HCY and UA had a certain diagnostic value for diabetic macroangiopathy(P<0.05).Conclusions Serum HCY is a risk factor for diabetic macroangiopathy, and detection of HCY levels will contribute to the diagnosis and prevention of the disease.

Neurogenesis is a process in which the neuronal stem cells differentiate into functional neurons including the cell proliferation,differentiation and migration.Previously,it was believed that neurogenesis is a prenatal process and the adult ependymal cells are incapable of regeneration.Now it is clear that mammalian brain retains the ability to generate new ceils in specific regions.One of the regions is subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles,new generated neurons and glial cells later migrate to olfactory and repair dysosmia through the RMS road.Here we will review the advances in adult neurogenesis in mammal subventficular zone.

Objective:To explore the effect of group psychotherapy on damage of theory of mind (TOM) in patients with early-onset schizophrenia.Methods:Totally 60 patients with early-onset schizophrenia were included and divided into the intervention group (n ＝ 30) and the health education group (n ＝ 30).The patients in the intervention group were offered 10 twice a week 2-hour sessions of group psychotherapy,and those in the control were offered group health education twice a week.All participants completed baseline measures and post-intervention measures with the Eye Emotion Recognition and Theory of mind Picture-sequencing Task (TOM-PST).Results:Totally 23 patients in the intervention group and 29 patients in the health education group finished the post-intervention measures.After 5-week intervention,subscores of sad and fear and total score of emotion recognition,total score of TOM-PST,understanding first order error belief,second order error belief,third order error belief,sense of reality,detecting fraud compared to baseline had statistically significant difference in intervention group.In health education group,subscores of joy emotion recognition,understanding first order error belief,third order error belief,total score of TOM-PST compared to baseline had statstically significant difference.The patients with group psychotherapy got higher scores of total score of TOM-PST and understanding second order error belief and third order error belief than the health education group after 5-week intervention (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion:This study suggests the group psychotherapy could partially improve theory of mind with early-onset schizophrenia,and promote the recovery of social cognition.

ObjectiveTo study the molecular genetic mechanism of para-bombay phenotype in two individuals.MethodsThe proband was a female.When the proband donated blood,because the forward blood group wasn't coincident with her reverse blood group,the blood and saliva specimen from proband and her family members were sent to Guangzhou Blood Center for further identification.Routine serological techniques were used to determine proband's and her family members' blood group and ABH antigen in saliva.The coding regions of FUT1 and FUT2 gene,exon 6 and exon 7 of ABO gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction using proband's and her family members' genomic DNA.All amplified products were analyzed after being directly sequenced.The two-base deletion regions of FUT1 gene were certified by cloning and haplotype sequencing.Results Proband's and her little brother's blood group were identified as para-bombay while other family members' blood group were normal.Two-base deletion heterozygous mutations of FUT1 gene were found in proband and her brother,AG deletion at position 547-552 and TT deletion at position 880-882,which caused a reading frame shift and a premature stop eodon.Meanwhile,880-882del TT heterozygous mutation was found in proband's grandfather and her father and 547-552del AG heterozygous mutation was found in proband's mother and her little sister.ResultsOf cloning and haplotype sequencing certified that these two-base deletion mutations occurred at 547-548 and 881-882 position respectively.Three new mutations were found in FUT2 gene,390C ＞ T,418A ＞ T and 749G ＞ A,which could cause the change of amino acid at position 140Ile ＞ Phe and 250Arg ＞ Gln.Conclusions Two-base deletion heterozygous mutations in different positions in FUT1 gene were found in 2 individuals,which maybe the molecular genetic mechanism of para-bombay phenotype.Heterozygous deletion mutation in one-strand DNA wouldn't change the ABO blood group.Three new mutations were also found in FUT2 gene.( Chin J Lab Med,2012,35:815-819)

OBJECTIVETo explore the molecular basis for a novel B(A) phenotype.

METHODSGenomic DNA was abstracted from peripheral blood sample from the proband. ABO genotyping were carried out with sequence specific primer PCR (PCR-SSP). Exons 6 and 7 of the ABO gene were amplified with PCR and sequenced.

RESULTSAnti-A serum could not be adsorbed or eluted by the donor's red blood cells, and no irregular antibodies were found in the plasma. PCR-SSP showed that the ABO genotype of the donor was ABO *B/O. Sequencing results showed that one of the alleles was ABO *O02, while the other could not be defined but contained the following mutation points, 297A>G, 526C>G, 657C>T, 701C>T, 703G>A, 796C>A, 803G>C, and 930G>A. The data was accepted by the GenBank (the loading code was KM974887) and the Blood Group Antigen Mutation Database, and was confirmed to be a novel allele of B(A).

CONCLUSIONA novel allele ABO *B(A)07 with 701C>T has been identified, which may facilitate further study on blood antigen variants and typing of the blood groups.

ABO Blood-Group System ; genetics ; Alleles ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

OBJECTIVETo report a rare case of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) with kernicterus caused by anti-Di(a) diagnosed using high-throughput genotyping multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA).

METHODSConventional serological methods were used to detect the antibodies related with HDN. The genotypes of more than 40 red blood cell antigens for the newborn and her parents were obtained using the high-throughput MLPA assay. The antibody titers were tested using a standard serological method.

RESULTSThe unknown antibody against the low-frequency antigens was predicted based on the primary serological tests. The genotyping results for more than 40 red blood cell antigens of the newborn and her parents showed incompatible antigens of MNS and Diego blood group system, indicating the existence of anti-N or anti-Di(a). Further serological tests confirmed anti-Di(a) existence in the plasma of the newborn and her mother. The titer of anti-Di(a) in the mother's plasma was 1:32.

CONCLUSIONSevere HDN including kernicterus can result from anti-Di(a). High-throughput genotyping MLPA assay can help type some rare antigens in complicated cases. The reagent red cell panels including Di(a)-positive cells are necessary in routine antibody screening test in Chinese population.

Blood Group Incompatibility ; genetics ; Erythroblastosis, Fetal ; diagnosis ; immunology ; Exchange Transfusion, Whole Blood ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ; methods ; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System ; genetics ; immunology ; Rho(D) Immune Globulin ; genetics ; immunology