A novel method based on cross sensitivity of cataluminescence (CTL) generated on the surface of a nanometer composite oxide was proposed for simultaneous determination of benzene and trimethylamine (TMA) in air. A variety of nanometer composite oxides based on Y2 O3 that showed catalytic activity to many gas molecules were synthesized. For the fabrication of the detector, nanometer composite oxide was directly coated on the ceramic rod to form a 0. 1-0. 15 mm thick layer. The ceramic rod with nanometer composite oxide was inserted into a quartz tube with an inner diameter of 10 mm. The temperature of nanometer composite oxide was controlled by the digital heater. When gas samples passed through the nanometer composite oxide in the quartz tube by the air flow, the CTL was generated during the catalytic oxidation on the surface of the nanometer composite oxide. The CTL signals were respectively recorded by two ultra weak chemiluminescence analyzers. The CTL intensity and selectivity for the determination of benzene and TMA on nano- Zr3 Y2 O9 which was characterized by TEM were bigger and better than those on other nanosized composite oxides. The optimum experimental conditions were tested. Selective determination was achieved at a wavelength of 440 nm for benzene and 540 nm for TMA. The surface temperature of the nanometer materials was about 313 ℃. The flow rate of air carrier was about 140 mL/ min. The limit of detection of this method was 0. 30 mg / m3 for benzene at 440 nm and 0. 70 mg / m3 for TMA at 540 nm. The linear range of CTL intensity versus concentration of benzene at 440 nm was 0. 8-105. 0 mg / m3 , benzene at 540 nm was 3. 0-130. 0 mg / m3 , TMA at 440 nm was 2. 5-232. 0 mg / m3 and TMA at 540 nm was 1. 2-156. 0 mg / m3 . The recovery of 5 testing standard samples by this method was 96. 8% -102. 3% for benzene and 97. 6% -103. 4%for TMA. Common coexistence matters, such as formaldehyde, ethanol, acetone, ammonia, sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide, did not disturb the determination. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of CTL signals of a continuous 200 h detection of gas mixture of 50 mg / m3 benzene and 50 mg / m3 TMA was 2. 0% , which demonstrated the longevity and steady performance of nano-Zr3 Y2 O9 to benzene and TMA under this experimental conditions.

A novel method based on cross sensitivity of cataluminescence (CTL) on nano-Ti3CeY2O11 was proposed for simultaneous determination of formaldehyde, benzene and sulfur dioxide in air.The relations between the concentrations of formaldehyde, benzene and sulfur dioxide and their CTL intensities were respectively ascertained at three wavelengths.The accurate concentrations of formaldehyde, benzene and sulfur dioxide can be calculated by superimposed total CTL intensities.The three analysis wavelengths are 420 nm, 535 nm and 680 nm.The surface temperature of the sensitive materials is 280℃.The carrier gas flow rate is 130 mL/min.The detection limits (3σ) are 0.04 mg/m3 for formaldehyde, 0.05 mg/m3 for benzene and 0.10 mg/m3 for sulfur dioxide, respectively.The linear ranges of CTL intensity versus analyte concentration are 0.08-75.60 mg/m3 for formaldehyde, 0.1-101.40 mg/m3 for benzene and 0.3 to 115.00 mg/m3 for sulfur dioxide.The recoveries of 12 testing standard samples by this method are 96.4%-103.7% for formaldehyde, 97.8%-102.5% for benzene and 97.2%-103.3% for sulfur dioxide.Common coexisting substances, such as acetaldehyde, toluene, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, methanol, ethanol and carbon dioxide, do not disturb the determination.The relative deviation of CTL signals of continuous 200 h detection for gaseous mixture containing formaldehyde, benzene and sulfur dioxide is less than 2%, which shows the longevity of the nanometer composite oxide to formaldehyde, benzene and sulfur dioxide.This method makes full use of the cross sensitive phenomenon, and can realize the on-line analysis of formaldehyde, benzene and sulfur dioxide in air.

Objective:To investigate the effect of pelvic motion in late pregnancy on the outcome of first trimester delivery.Methods:A total of 127 first-borns admitted to the midwifical clinic of Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital from November 1, 2019 to March 10, 2020 were selected as the research objects, and they were divided into the walking group and the pelvic motion group according to the random number table method. In the end, 62 cases were included in the walking group and 65 cases in the pelvic motion group. The walking group did brisk walking in the third trimester. In the pelvic motion group, the motion in the third trimester consisted of the combined pelvic motion involving the two planes of the upright spine and the horizontal spine, and multiple peripelvic joints. The changes of fertility, birth canal and fetus before and after exercise were observed, and the outcomes of childbirth were compared between the two groups.Results:Indicators reflecting productivity: persistence time of "air bike" on the day before delivery was (27.12±7.73) seconds in the pelvic motion group and (20.56±6.60) seconds in the walking group, the difference was statistically significant ( t value was 5.12, P<0.01). The time of contractions after exercise before delivery was (269.38±123.70) seconds in the pelvic motion group and (591.29±201.82) seconds in the walking group, the difference was statistically significant ( t value was 10.89, P<0.01). The indicators reflecting the situation of the maternal birth canal were as follows: "sitting forward flexion level", pelvic motion group was (33.64±5.91) cm, walking group was (29.50±5.28) cm, the difference was statistically significant ( t value was 4.15, P<0.01). The cervical score during regular contractions was 8.01±1.69 in the pelvic motion group and 7.30±1.40 in the walking group, the difference was statistically significant( t value was 2.56, P<0.05). At the beginning of regular contractions, the proportion of fetal "occipital position" was 93.85% (61/65) in the pelvic motion group and 72.58%(45/62) in the walking group, the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 10.41, P<0.01). The "no pain rate after exercise the day before delivery" was 72.31% (47/65) in the pelvic motion group and 29.03% (18/62) in the walking group, the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 25.30, P<0.01). Time of the first labor was (395.84±165.24) min in the pelvic motion group and (574.35±152.23) min in the walking group, the difference was statistically significant ( t value was 6.32, P<0.01). The second stage of labor was (25.98±9.88) min in the pelvic motion group and (33.62±13.94) min in the walking group, the difference was statistically significant ( t value was 3.57, P<0.01). Conclusions:Pelvic motion in middle and late pregnancy can affect labor force, birth canal, fetus and other delivery factors, reduce movement pain and shorten the time of labor.

Objective The unbalanced phenotype of pe-ripheral blood monocyte is closely related to the pathological progres-sion of pulmonary fibrosis .The present study was designed to address the dynamic changes of circulating monocyte subsets in the experimen-tal mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis , and explore the relationship of circulating monocyte subsets with pulmonary inflammation and fibro-sis. Methods A total of 100male C 57BL/6J mice were random-ized as control group and a bleomycin A 5 group to be treated with sterile saline and bleomycin A5 at 2 mg/kg, respectively.The mice were sacrificed on day 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 after treatment.The inflammation score and collagen volume fraction ( CVF) of the lung tissue were obtained by HE and Masson staining .The total number and different types of cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ( BALF) were counted using the routine method .The mRNA expressions of collagens ⅠandⅢwere determined by real-time PCR, the content of hydroxyproline (HYP) assayed by the chloramine-T method, and the proportions of different monocyte subsets measured by flow cytometry . Results Compared with the saline control , the bleo-mycin A5 group showed significantly increases in the inflammation score at 3 and 7 days ( P<0 .01 ) , CVF at 14 and 21 days ( P<0.01), and the numbers of total cells and macrophages in BALF at 3-21 days, the count of neutrophils granulocytes at 1-3 days (P<0.01), The numbers of neutrophile granulocyles were significant higer than that in control groups on the 1st(9.086 ±1.268 vs 1.108 ±0.229), 3rd(5.551 ±0.511 vs 0.315 ±0.100) and 7th(8.093 ±0.922 vs 0.249 ±0.074)day.The mRNA expressions of collagens ⅠandⅢat 14 and 21 days (P<0.05), the content of HYP at 7-21 days (P<0.01), and the proportion of Ly6Chi mon-ocytes on day 1, which peaked on day 3 (P<0.01) and then decreased from day 14 to 21.The proportion of Ly6Chi monocytes was positively correlated with the inflammation score (P<0.000 1) and CVF of the lung tissue (P=0.001 3). Conclusion In the mouse model of bleomycin A5-induced pulmonary fibrosis, dynamic changes of circulating Ly6Chi and Ly6Clo monocyte subsets occurred in different pathophysiological stages .Compared with the pathological process of inflammatory infiltration , Ly6Chi circulating monocytes displayed a rapid response to tissue injury and inflammation .The increased proportion of Ly6Chi monocyte subsets might be closely re-lated with pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis .

Objective To investigate the effects of different umbilical cord ligation methods on anemia and jaundice in preterm infants with a gestational age less than 32 weeks.Methods A total of 135 preterm infants with a gestational age less than 32 weeks were recruited and randomly divided into the umbilical cord milking group,the delayed cord clamping group and the immediate cord clamping group,with 45 cases in each group.Comparisons among three groups were performed on hemoglobin,hematocrit at 1 h and 1 week after birth,and bilirubin peak,total time of phototherapy,the incidence of anemia,pathologic jaundice as well as polycythemia before discharge.Results Finally 40 cases in the umbilical cord milking group,42 cases in the delayed cord clamping group and 38 cases in the immediate cord clamping group were recruited.Compared with the immediate cord clamping group,Hb(g/L)and hematocrit(％) levels were significantly higher in the umbilical cord milking group and the delayed cord clamping group(P＜0.05),the anemia rate was significantly lower in umbilical cord milking group and the delayed cord clamping group(P＜0.05).However,there were no statistical differences in Hb(g/L) and hematocrit(％) levels as well as ane mia rate between the umbilical cord milking group and the delayed cord clamping group (P＞0.05).There were no significant differences among three groups in bilirubin peak,total time of phototherapy and the incidence of pathologic jaundice as well as polycythemia.Conclusion Umbilical cord milking and delayed cord clamping can both reduce the anemia rate,but not increase the risk of pathological jaundice.Umbilical cord milking can be preferred method for preterm infants with a gestational age less than 32 weeks and asphyxia.

Objective:To explore the current status and the influencing factors of protracted postpartum urinary retention(P-PUR) in women with labor analgesia, so as to provide evidences for early diagnosis and timely intervention for P-PUR.Methods:A total of 41 995 women who were given vaginal delivery under labor analgesia from January 2017 to October 2020 in Women′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were chosen as the research objects. A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 62 women with P-PUR, and a 1∶4 matching case control study was conducted. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the variables with statistical difference in univariate analysis, so as to explore the independent influencing factors of P-PUR in women with labor analgesia.Results:Among 41 995 women with labor analgesia, 62 women suffered from P-PUR, and the incidence was about 0.15% (62/41 995). The Logistic regression model showed that nulliparity ( OR=121.80, 95% CI 8.59-1 727.40, P<0.05), forceps delivery ( OR=13.41, 95% CI 2.21-81.58, P<0.05),Ⅱdegree porineal iaceration ( OR=0.04, 95% CI 0.01-0.11, P<0.05), episiotomy ( OR=0.13, 95% CI 0.04-0.47, P<0.05) and perineotomy with perineal laceration ( OR=0.20, 95% CI 0.06-0.63, P<0.05) were the independent risk factors. Conclusions:For primiparas with labor analgesia, interventions should be taken to reduce perineal injury, and indications of forceps delivery should be strictly controlled, so as to reduce P-PUR and adverse urinary tract complications.

Objective:To explore the application effects of a new self-designed device for measuring postpartum blood loss in women with postpartum hemorrhage after vaginal delivery, so as to provide a basis for early identification and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage.Methods:The research was a quasi-experiment study. A total of 12 824 women who delivered vaginally in Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from July 2021 to June 2022 were conveniently selected. Among them, the pregnant women enrolled from January to June 2022 were selected as the experimental group, and the pregnant women enrolled from July to December 2021 were included in the control group, with 6 412 cases in each group. The self-designed new postpartum blood loss measuring device was used to evaluate the blood loss in the experimental group, while the traditional blood collecting basin was taken in the control group.The differences between the two groups in the assessment error of 24 hours postpartum blood loss, postpartum blood loss at 2 hours and 24 hours, postpartum hemorrhage rate, severe postpartum hemorrhage rate and midwives′ satisfaction with the assessment of blood loss were compared.Results:The assessment error of 24 hours postpartum blood loss in the experimental group was 180.00 (80.00, 300.00) ml, which was lower than 192.00 (80.00, 310.00) ml in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( Z = - 2.04, P<0.05). The postpartum blood loss at 2 hours and 24 hours in the experimental group was 312.00 (290.00, 330.00) ml and 415.00 (385.00, 440.00) ml, respectively, which was higher than 310.00 (280.00, 330.00) ml and 407.00 (380.00, 435.00) ml in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( Z = - 9.86, - 5.42, both P<0.001). The rates of postpartum hemorrhage and severe postpartum hemorrhage in the experimental group were 6.50% (417/6 412) and 2.21% (142/6 412), respectively, higher than 4.71% (302/6 412) and 1.59% (102/6 412) in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2 = 19.49, 6.69, both P<0.05). Midwives′ satisfaction score with the assessment of blood loss in the experimental group was (18.17 ± 1.02) points, higher than that in the control group (17.78 ± 1.17) points, and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 2.33, P<0.05). Conclusions:The use of a new device for measuring postpartum bleeding during vaginal delivery can reduce errors in evaluating postpartum blood loss within 24 hours, improve the detection rate of postpartum hemorrhage and severe postpartum hemorrhage, and midwives are satisfied with it.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic basis of cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS: A pair of twins with cerebral palsy and different phenotypes were subjected to whole genome sequencing, and other 8 children with CP were subjected to whole exome sequencing. Genetic variations were screened by a self-designed filtration process in order to explore the CP-related biological pathways and genes. RESULTS: Three biological pathways related to CP were identified, which included axon guiding, transmission across chemical synapses and protein-protein interactions at synapses, and 25 susceptibility genes for CP were identified. CONCLUSION The molecular mechanism of CP has been explored, which may provide clues for development of new treatment for CP.
Cerebral Palsy ; genetics ; Child ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Phenotype ; Whole Exome Sequencing ; Whole Genome Sequencing

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of taurolithocholic acid (tLCA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) on the expression of aorexigenic neuropeptide in mouse hypothalamus GT1-7 cells. METHODS: Mouse hypothalamic GT1-7 cells were treated with culture medium containing 10% FBS (control group, =3) or with 10 nmol/L, 100 nmol/L, 1 μmol/L and 10 μmol/L tLCA (tLCA group, =3) or CDCA (CDCA group, =3) for 12, 24 or 48 h. Real-time PCR was performed to determine the expression levels of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA in the cells, and the production levels of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) were assessed using an ELISA kit. Signal transduction and activator of transcription 3 phosphorylation (p-STAT3), threonine kinase phosphorylation (p-AKT), suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), G protein-coupled bile acid receptor-1 (TGR5) and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) protein were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: Western blotting results showed that mouse hypothalamic GT1-7 cells expressed two bile acid receptors, TGR5 and FXR, whose expressions were regulated by bile acids. Real-time PCR showed that the expression of POMC mRNA was significantly increased in the cells after treatment with 10 μmol/L tLCA or CDCA for 24 h. POMC-derived anorexigenic peptide α-MSH increased significantly in GT1-7 cells after treatment with 10 μmol/L tLCA or CDCA for 24 h. Treatment of the cells with tLCA or CDCA significantly increased the expressions of intracellular signaling proteins including p-STAT3, p-AKT and SOCS3. CONCLUSIONS Mouse hypothalamic GT1-7 cells express bile acid receptors TGR5 and FXR. Bile acids tLCA or CDCA can promote the expression of POMC mRNA and increase the production of the anorexigenic peptide α-MSH. The intracellular signaling proteins p-AKT, p-STAT3 and SOCS3 are likely involved in bile acid-induced anorexigenic peptide production.
Animals ; Bile Acids and Salts ; Chenodeoxycholic Acid ; Hypothalamus ; Mice ; Neuropeptides ; Phosphorylation ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; Signal Transduction ; Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of taurolithocholic acid (tLCA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) on the expression of aorexigenic neuropeptide in mouse hypothalamus GT1-7 cells. METHODS: Mouse hypothalamic GT1-7 cells were treated with culture medium containing 10% FBS (control group, =3) or with 10 nmol/L, 100 nmol/L, 1 μmol/L and 10 μmol/L tLCA (tLCA group, =3) or CDCA (CDCA group, =3) for 12, 24 or 48 h. Real-time PCR was performed to determine the expression levels of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA in the cells, and the production levels of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) were assessed using an ELISA kit. Signal transduction and activator of transcription 3 phosphorylation (p-STAT3), threonine kinase phosphorylation (p-AKT), suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), G protein-coupled bile acid receptor-1 (TGR5) and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) protein were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: Western blotting results showed that mouse hypothalamic GT1-7 cells expressed two bile acid receptors, TGR5 and FXR, whose expressions were regulated by bile acids. Real-time PCR showed that the expression of POMC mRNA was significantly increased in the cells after treatment with 10 μmol/L tLCA or CDCA for 24 h. POMC-derived anorexigenic peptide α-MSH increased significantly in GT1-7 cells after treatment with 10 μmol/L tLCA or CDCA for 24 h. Treatment of the cells with tLCA or CDCA significantly increased the expressions of intracellular signaling proteins including p-STAT3, p-AKT and SOCS3. CONCLUSIONS Mouse hypothalamic GT1-7 cells express bile acid receptors TGR5 and FXR. Bile acids tLCA or CDCA can promote the expression of POMC mRNA and increase the production of the anorexigenic peptide α-MSH. The intracellular signaling proteins p-AKT, p-STAT3 and SOCS3 are likely involved in bile acid-induced anorexigenic peptide production.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Chenodeoxycholic Acid ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Hypothalamus ; cytology ; Mice ; Neuropeptides ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pro-Opiomelanocortin ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein ; metabolism ; Taurolithocholic Acid ; pharmacology ; alpha-MSH ; genetics