Objective To analyze the chemical components of clove oil before and after ?-cyclodextrin inclusion.Methods GC-MS conditions were as follows: DB-1 Capillary gas chromatographic column,programmed temperature rising from 60 ℃ to 230 ℃ at the rate of 10 ℃ /min;split ratio being 1 ∶ 50,Injector port temperature at 230 ℃,and Flame Ionization Detector(FID) temperature at 230 ℃.The components were detected by MS detector.Results GC-MS analysis showed that the main components of clove oil did not changed before and after inclusion,but the proportion of the components had been changed.Conclusion ?-cyclodextrin inclusion have effects on the proportion of clove oil components.

BACKGROUND: Although nickel and chromium are essential elements of human body, over high concentration of them will produce many adverse effects to human body, therefore biological safety of nichrome material for dental restoration deserves attention.OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of nickel and chromium content at 6 months and 1 year after porcelain-fused-to-nichrome crown restoration, and compare to healthy controls to investigate the long-term safety of nichorme in oral cavity.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A case-control observation was performed between January 2006 and December 2007 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, China.PARTICIPANTS: Sixty patients who visited Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, between January and December 2006 were included in test group, including 28 male, 32 female, the mean age was 40 years. Each of them had 3 anterior maxillary teeth restored by porcelain-fused-to-nichrome crowns, without other metal fillings or protheses. Sixty healthy cases visited the hospital at the same time were used as control, including 30 male, 30 female, the mean ages was 39 years.METHODS: Fasting venous blood of participants in two groups was harvested sterilely at 6 months and 1 year after test group restoration, serum nickel and chromium content were determined using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Serum nickel content changes in test and control group. ②Serum chromium content changes in test and control groupRESULTS: All cases were involved in result analysis. ① Serum nickel content changes in test and control group: At 6 months postrestoration, there was no significant difference in serum nickel content between test group and control group (P>0.05). At 1 year after restoration, serum nickel content of test group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05). ② Serum chromium content changes in test and control group: There was no significant difference in chromium content between test and control group at 6 months and 1 year after test group restoration (P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Nickel and chromium released from porcelain-fused-to-nichrome crowns after restoration under oral environment, serum nickel content had an increasing tendency with the prolongation of restoration time, but in small quantity and within biosafety range, to identify whether the increasing tendency will increased continuously with the prolongation of restoration time needs long-term follow-up.

0.05). Conclusion:After Ni-Cr-Based porcelain-fused-to-metal crown application, the metal ion can be released and absorbed by human body. But the content is almost harmless to human body.

Objective To investigate the effect of different speed of perioperative fluid infusion on rate of platelet aggregation during percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods 60 patients accepted percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were divided into 2 groups. The control group (n=30) accepted fluid infusion in speed of 1.5~2 ml/kg·h, while the trial group (n=30) with the speed of 6~9 ml//kg·h after coronary arteriongraphy. Their blood pressure, heart beat, rate of platelet aggregation and osmotic pressure of plasma were recorded. Results It was not significantly different in rate of platelet aggregation before and 4 h after operation in the control group (P>0.05), and it was significantly lower 4 h and 1 d after operation in the trial group (P<0.05). Conclusion Fast fluid infusion perioperatively can lower the rate of platelet aggregation, which may improve the success of PCI and reduce the acute thrombosis

Objective The report was focused on polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) in female adolescents related to homosexual precocious puberty,and the new awareness of its influence on long-term health of homosexual precocious girls.Methods A girl with idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) but diagnosed as PCOS in adolescence was reported and the data were reviewed.Results A girl was diagnosed as ICPP when she was near 8 years old with obesity,but without hyperinsulinemia,then she received the treatment of a 3.75 mg dose gonadotropin hormone analogues (GnRHa) every 28 days.Her gonads development was under control while her growth was arrested.Growth hormone(GH) injection started at 13 months.She stopped all medications when finished GH and GnRHa treatment for 12 months and 25 months.She went to see doctors again because of no menarche after discontinuing medication for nearly 2 years.She appeared obese and acne,hirsutism,athanens negricans and purple purple striae on the skin.Hyperinsulinemia and hypertestosterone were demonstrated.Pelvic B ultrasonography showed polycystic ovary,and she was diagnosed as PCOS.She was ordered to lose weight and to take metformin.And adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulating test was done,and B ultrasonography again ruled out atypical congenital adrenal hyperplasia and tumor of adrenal gland.She got her menarche 1 month later.Twelve months after the PCOS diagnosis and treatment,she had 4 menses,her insulin level decreased,glucose tolerance and her serum testosterone level turned normal.At the same time,the form of ovarian and follicular was significantly reduced.After taking mefformin for 20 months,her height and weight did not change,her menstrual was regular every 35-40 days,each time lasting about 7 days.She was followed up.We also reviewed literatures and learnt that precocious puberty might not be a benign situation and it might have an intrinsic relation to obesity,precocious puberty and PCOS.It might be the cofactors for causing PP and PCOS that accessed luteinizing hormone(LH) secretion and disorder of hypothalamus pituitary gonad(HPG) axis except obesity with hyperinsulinemia.Reported pubertas praecox in childhood developed to PCOS at 30％ with high prevalence of obesity.GnRHa suppressive therapy might relate to PCOS and had disputation for improving final height.There were fewer investigations on adolescent PCOS,and no consensus guideline on it in China.Conclusions Girls with ICPP may develop to PCOS some time later.The clinical features of the reported girl and the knowledge from literatures support the hypothesis that inner relationship between the CPP and the PCOS.The LH high secretion and disorder of HPG axis may be the causes of them; LH treatment on suppressing obesity should be cautious during treatment.The benefit and risk from GnRHa treatment should be evaluated thoroughly.Further clinical research should be conducted on adolescent PCOS.

Objective To investigate the detection of early cervical cancer patient's peripheral blood CK19 mRNA and its clinical significance. Methods 30 early (ⅠA2~ⅡA) cervical cancer patients from the department of gynecological tumors in the third affiliated hospital of Kunming Medical University were selected as experimental group, 15 patients with uterine myoma and 15 healthy volunteers as negative control group,15 advanced (ⅡB~ⅢB) cervical cancer patients as positive control group. Peripheral blood samples before receiving radical resection of experimental group,and the same samples before treatment of control groups were collected. The change of relative expression level and positive rate of peripheral blood CK19 was analyzed using qRT-PCR technique, and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis was further analyzed. Results There was significant difference in relative expression level of CK19 mRNA in the peripheral blood between experimental group and control groups ( <0.001) . And the positive rate of CK19 in the peripheral blood from 30 patients with early cervical cancer before operation in the experimental group was 30% (9/30) . Furthermore, CK19 mRNA positive rate before surgery was correlated with lymph node metastasis, muscularis invasion and pathologic risk factors for postoperative ( <0.05) . There were no significant correlation between CK19 mRNA positive rate and other clinical and pathological features such as age,clinical stage (FIGO),tumor cell differentiation,tumor size,pathological type and etc ( > 0.05) . Conclusions CK-19 mRNA is a specific and suitable molecular marker for the detection of circulating tumor cells in early cervical cancer. Detection of peripheral blood CK19 mRNA expression before receiving radical hysterectomy in patients with early cervical cancer can also make up for the disadvantage of other methods such as the imaging, tumor marker detection. Most important of all, it can provide the basis for choosing a proper adjuvant therapy post-operation and estimating the relapse and prognosis.

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of the serial position effect combined with delayed recall of auditory verbal learning test in diagnosing the elderly patients with different levels of cognitive impairment.Methods:A total of 310 subjects were enrolled and divided into three groups: the normal control group(NC group, n=128), the mild cognitive impairment group(MCI group, n=133)and the mild Alzheimer's disease group(mild AD group, n=149)matched for gender, age and education level.Comprehensive neuro-psychological tests were performed on all subjects, and the Auditory Verbal Learning Test-Huashan version(AVLT-H)was used to analyze the serial position effect.Results:There were significant differences in the primacy effect of the second and third time of immediate recall, short-term and long-term delayed recall among the three groups( P<0.05), but no difference was found in the recency effect between the MCI and mild AD groups( P>0.05). The long-term delayed primacy effect combined with the short-term delayed recall showed a better validity to distinguish those elderly subjects with different levels of cognitive impairment than other memorial indexes, and the correlative sensitivity and specificity were 83.21% and 71.43%(NC group vs.MCI group), 85.71% and 92.86%(NC group vs.mild AD group), 66.67% and 75.57%(MCI group vs.mild AD group), respectively. Conclusions:The long-term delayed primacy effect combined with the short-term delayed recall can assist in distinguishing elderly patients with different levels of cognitive impairment.

A novel method based on cross sensitivity of cataluminescence (CTL) generated on the surface of a nanometer composite oxide was proposed for simultaneous determination of benzene and trimethylamine (TMA) in air. A variety of nanometer composite oxides based on Y2 O3 that showed catalytic activity to many gas molecules were synthesized. For the fabrication of the detector, nanometer composite oxide was directly coated on the ceramic rod to form a 0. 1-0. 15 mm thick layer. The ceramic rod with nanometer composite oxide was inserted into a quartz tube with an inner diameter of 10 mm. The temperature of nanometer composite oxide was controlled by the digital heater. When gas samples passed through the nanometer composite oxide in the quartz tube by the air flow, the CTL was generated during the catalytic oxidation on the surface of the nanometer composite oxide. The CTL signals were respectively recorded by two ultra weak chemiluminescence analyzers. The CTL intensity and selectivity for the determination of benzene and TMA on nano- Zr3 Y2 O9 which was characterized by TEM were bigger and better than those on other nanosized composite oxides. The optimum experimental conditions were tested. Selective determination was achieved at a wavelength of 440 nm for benzene and 540 nm for TMA. The surface temperature of the nanometer materials was about 313 ℃. The flow rate of air carrier was about 140 mL/ min. The limit of detection of this method was 0. 30 mg / m3 for benzene at 440 nm and 0. 70 mg / m3 for TMA at 540 nm. The linear range of CTL intensity versus concentration of benzene at 440 nm was 0. 8-105. 0 mg / m3 , benzene at 540 nm was 3. 0-130. 0 mg / m3 , TMA at 440 nm was 2. 5-232. 0 mg / m3 and TMA at 540 nm was 1. 2-156. 0 mg / m3 . The recovery of 5 testing standard samples by this method was 96. 8% -102. 3% for benzene and 97. 6% -103. 4%for TMA. Common coexistence matters, such as formaldehyde, ethanol, acetone, ammonia, sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide, did not disturb the determination. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of CTL signals of a continuous 200 h detection of gas mixture of 50 mg / m3 benzene and 50 mg / m3 TMA was 2. 0% , which demonstrated the longevity and steady performance of nano-Zr3 Y2 O9 to benzene and TMA under this experimental conditions.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the recent use of immunosuppressive agents for renal transplantation patients during our hospital.METHODS:Case history of124renal transplantation patients in our hospital in2004was reviewed ret-rospectively,and the categories and the associated costs of immunosuppressive agents were statistically analyzed,which were compared with that of2000.RESULTS:In2004,patients’mean hospitalization cost was74462.77yuan and mean immuno-suppressive agents cost was25809.93yuan,increased by75.12%and175.35%,respectively as compared to2000.Of the total drug costs,the immunosuppressive agents accounted for61.37%in2004and46.4%in2000.Dominated the first3places in the list of DDDs of immunosuppressive agents in2004were Methylprednisolone,ciclosporin A and dehydrocortisone,respec-tively.CONCLUSIONS:As compared with2000,the application categories and costs of neotype immunosuppressive agents for renal transplantation patients in our hospital increased in2004,thus to find a more effective immunosuppressive remedy that of less adverse drug reaction and lower cost is of great significance.

Objective To compare the difference of impact on the cellular immunity between laparoscopic and transabdominal radical hysterectomy. Methods 60 patients with early cervical cancer (Ⅰa2~Ⅱa1), half of them were assigned to do abdominal radical hysterectomy (ARH) and the other half for laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH). Adopt flow cytometry (FCM) detect peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets, NK cells, CIK cells and T lymphocyte ac-tivation function on one day before surgery, one day, five days, and 28 days after the surgery separately. Compare the changes of immune status. Results After one day, the number of T lymphocyte subsets declined compared with preoperative one day(P <0.05). After five days, each index in LRH group was increased compared with postoperative one day, and the degree of decline is less than the ARH group ( P< 0.05), and recovered faster. After one day, the number of HLA-DR+CD3+in LRH group compared with the preoperative one day declined and HLA-DR+CD8+in-creased, and the degree of change is less than the ARH group, and recovered faster. Conclusions Immune function in patients after laparoscopic group was less changed, and recovered quickly, while the immune function were less inhibited, it may protect patients' immune function better.