Objective: To make a quantitative evaluation on the short term effect of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter no more than 2.5 μm (PM_2.5) on cumulative excess mortality rate (CER) and years of life lost (YLL) in residents in Changping district of Beijing. Methods: The death data in local residents, daily mortality, meteorology data and air pollution data (PM_2.5, SO₂ and NO₂ concentrations) in Changping from 2014 to 2017 were collected. Distributed lag non-linear model was used to assess the age and gender specific cumulative lag effects of PM_2.5 on cardiovascular CER and daily YLL in Changping. Results: The effects of PM_2.5 on cardiovascular CER and YLL were obvious on lag 7 days and lag 9 days, respectively, peaking on day 14, and lasting for 21 days. On lag0-21 days, for a 10 μg/m³ increase in PM_2.5, the population based CER of cardiovascular disease death was 0.021% (95%CI: 0.004%-0.038%), and the YLL was 1.47 (95%CI: 0.23-2.70) years. Greater PM_2.5 effect were observed in males and the elderly. Conclusion PM_2.5 increased the risk of cardiovascular disease death and YLL.