[Objective] To investigate the pathological features, secretion of interleukin-8 (IL - 8), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?) and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in gastric mucosa (GM) of chronic superficial gastritis with spleen-stomach and damp-heat syndrome (SSDHS) and to explore their correlations. [Methods] Fifty-five cases of chronic superficial gastritis included 35 cases of SSDHS (Group A) and 20 cases of spleen-deficiency syndrome (Group B). Fifteen asymptomatic volunteers served as normal control group (Group C). Pathological changes, HP infection rate, levels of IL - 8, TNF -? and sIgA in GM were observed. [Results] HP infection rate was higher and inflammatory change was more obvious in Group A than those in Group B and Group C (P 0.05). [Conclusion] Gastric mucosa of chronic superficial gastritis with SSDHS presents inflammatory changes, which is related with the increase of IL - 8 and TNF -? secretion and the decrease of sIgA, and HP infection may be one of the factors inducing and enhancing the pathological changes.

Objective To measure the mRNA expression of immediate-early gene c-fos in endothelial cells by the use of different intermittent hypoxia (IH) protocols. Methods A gas control delivery system was homemade, which pro-duced IH/re-oxygenation(ROX) environmental exposure. The endothelial cells were exposed to IH/ROX cycles, and were di-vided into three groups (A, B and C). There were five sub-groups in each group. Group A included intermittent normoxia group, standard incubator control group, continuous hypoxia group (CH), 1.5%O2 IH group and 10%O2 IH group. There were different frequency IH of 1.5%O2 and 10%O2 sub-groups in group B and group C. Hypoxia time was 15 s. The intermittent hypoxia cycle was 60 and the ROX time was different. The total cycle time was different, including 1.5 h group, 3 h group, 5 h group, 6.5 h group and 9.5 h group. The mRNA expression of immediate-early gene c-fos was measured by real-time PCR. Results There was no significant difference in the level of c-fos mRNA between intermittent normoxia group and CH group. The expression of c-fos mRNA was significantly higher in 1.5%O2 IH group and 10%O2 IH group than that of intermit-tent normoxia group, and there was a higher expression level of c-fos mRNA in 1.5%O2 IH group than that of 10%O2 IH group (P＜0.01). It was found that the mRNA expression of c-fos increased gradually at first, and then gradually decreased. The expression of c-fos mRNA was significantly higher in 5 h group than that of other groups (P＜0.01). Conclusion The mRNA expression of immediate-early gene c-fos is increased after exposing to IH/ROX in endothelial cells, which is closely related with IH extents and frequencies.

Objective To optimize the extraction process of volatile oil and inclusion preparation of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin from compoundJinling Sini Siwu Shixiaosan Granules.Methods The orthogonal approach of L9 (34) was applied to investigate the volume of volatile oil extraction by 3 factors to obtain the optimum extraction conditions. With inclusion rate of volatile oil and yield of inclusion compound as comprehensive evaluation indexes, the optimum preparation conditions were discussed. The characterization of this prepared inclusion was analyzed by TLC.Results The optimum extraction conditions were as follows:the crude medicine with medicinal powder was shattered into 20 meshes;8 times the amount of water was added and was extracted for 8 h. The best inclusion conditions were as follows:the proportion of volatile oil to HP-β-CD was 1∶6, with inclusion temperature of 30℃, grinding time of 2 h. Analysis results of TLC showed that stable inclusion compound was formed from volatile oil and HP-β-CD.Conclusion The optimized extraction process and inclusion preparation are with stable quality and high feasibility.

Objective To observe the effect of ecdysterone(EDS)on the level of VEGF protein in the brain,angiogenesis and neurologic function after focal cerebral ischemia in rats.Methods Rat with focal cerebral ischemia were established by occluding their middle cerebral artery.The established rats(n=36)were randomly and equally divided into EDS treatment group and ischemia group.EDS(20 mg?kg-1?d-1 for 7 d)was intraperitoneally injected into the rats of EDS treatment group 2 h after operation,and the animal of ischemia group received an intraperitoneal injection of the same solvent as in EDS group.Another 6 rats served as normal control.Rats were sacrificed in 7,14 and 21 d after operation,and the VEGF protein level and microvessel density(MVD)was detected with immunohistochemical methods and analyzed quantitatively with image system.Effect of EDS on neurologic recovery following brain ischemia were assessed using the neurologic severity scores(NSS).Results VEGF expression was not seen in normal control,and was higher in ischemia group than in the EDS treatment group at day 7 and 14,but the significant difference was only observed at day 7(P

Objective To establish a stable cell line secreting human IgE Cε2-4 protein, and in-vestigate the binding capacity of receptor FcεR Ⅰ Methods The E24 gene was derived from SKO-O07 cell line, and was then cloned into pcDNA3.1 (+) (signal peptides were synthesized and fused at the 5'-end of E24 gene) or pCMV-L vector. After transient transfection into 293T cell, the secreted F24 protein was ana-lyzed by sandwich ELISA. The best vector was chosen to be transfected into CHO cells with LipofectAMI-NETM 2000 reagent. After being selected by G418 and subcloned three times by limited-dilution method, two stable cell lines were established. E24 gene was amplified by RT-PCR, and the E24 protein in the superna-tant was identified by ELISA. Besides, the binding capacity of FceR ⅠⅡ was analyzed by flow cytometry method. Results Three mammalian expression vector SP-E24-F3. 1, SP lI-E24-P3.1 and E24-PL were constructed and transient transfected to 293T cells. The output of E24 protein in the supernatant were 19.1, 19.4 and 8.7 μg/ml, respectively. Then the vector SP IX-E24-P3.1 was transfected into CHO cells. Final-ly, two single clones secreting E24 protein were stably obtained. The output of E24 were all at least 25 μg/ml. RT-PCR could detect the E24 gene from one of the two clones. Furthermore, flow cytometry results showed that E24 could bind the receptor in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion Two stable cell line se- creting E24 protein were obtained, while E24 could specifically bind FcεR Ⅰ.

Objective To analyze the plaque distribution of abdominal aorta and its branches by multislice spiral CT angiography (MSCTA).Methods 145 patients recommended to abdominal enhanced CT were randomly selected in this investigation,and divided into three groups according to their age,i.e.,young,middle and old-aged group.CTA was performed with the use of multiple planar reconstruction(MPR),volume rendering (VR)and vessel probe(VP)technology.Results 124 patients with atherosclerotic plaques of abdominal aorta and all its branch-vessels,the incidences of the three groups were 9.7%(14 cases),30.3%(44 cases)and 45.5%(66 cases)respectively(P <0.005).It showed that calcified plaques were detected in a total of 1 50 in 302 plaques of all the branch-vessels.230 plaques(76.2%)were detected in abdominal branch-vessels of grade 1,of which,the incidences of superior mesenteric artery plaques was the highest(32.4%).Of the 54 plaques(1 7.9%)detected in abdominal branch-vessels of grade 2,the incidence of splenic artery plaques was the highest(13.8%).In abdominal branch-vessels of grade 3,the plaques were mainly distributed in splen-ic lobial artery.The splenic artery plaques mainly spreaded in the middle segment,while other plaques were mostly in peristome and proximal segment of vessels.The incidences of plaques in the three branches were 47.6%(69 cases),1 5.2%(22 cases),and 9.0%(13 cases)respectively(P <0.005).Conclusion The incidences of atherosclerotic plaques are higher in the middle and aged people. The plaques of the three abdominal branch-vessels mainly distribute in the peristome and proximal segment,and are much likely to be detected in abdominal branch-vessels of grade 1.

Objective To investigate the relationship between carotid arteriostenosis and atheromatous plaques with cerebral in-farction.Methods Cervical spiral CT angiography of 56 cases with cerebral infarction and 49 cases without cerebral infarction were retrospectively analysed .The difference between the two groups was compared with regard to the distribution ,nature of plaques and the degree of carotid artery stenosis.Results Of 56 patients with cerebral infarction,126 atheromatous plaques were detected in 42 patients,of which 39 were soft,34 were calcified,53 exhibited a combined nature of both calcified and soft plaque and 7 cases were plaque ulcerations (soft plaque and mixed plaque accounted for about 73%).Plaque location for carotid artery was in the bifurcation. 102 carotid arteries stenosis were found in 38 patients,which included mild stenosis in 29,moderate in 40,severe in 27 and occlusion in 6(moderate and severe stenosis accounted for about 65.7%).In the control group,28 plaques were detected in 1 1 cases,of which 6 were soft,13 were calcified and 9 exhibited a combined nature of both calcified and soft plaque.1 1 carotid arteries stenosis were found in 7 patients,included mild stenosis in 10,moderate in 1.A significant difference (P <0.05)in carotid arteriostenosis and ath-eromatous plaques between the two groups was found.Conclusion Carotid plaques and stenosis are important risk factors of cerebral infarction.Multi-slice spiral CT angiography(MSCTA)has important value in analysis of carotid artery stenosis and atheroderotic plaques.

Objective To prepare a kind of 99Tcm-labeled estrogen receptor (ER) SPECT imaging agent,and evaluate its binding characteristics with ER by in vitro and in vivo studies.Methods EDL was prepared from estrone and then reacted with GAP to synthesize GAP-EDL.Then,GAP-EDL was labeled with 99Tcm to obtain 99Tcm-GAP-EDL.Cell uptake and blocking assays were performed in vitro on MCF-7and MDA-MB-231 cells.The biodistribution study of 99Tcm-GAP-EDL was performed on normal BALB/c mice at 30,60,120,180 and 240 min post injection.Nude mice bearing either MCF-7 or MDA-MB-231derived tumors were injected with 99Tcm-GAP-EDL,and subjected to γimaging at 1,2,4 h post injection.The mice injected with excess unlabeled GAP-EDL or estradiol were used as the blocking control.Two-sample t test was used for data analysis.Results The radiolabeling yield of 99Tcm-GAP-EDL was (98.8 ±0.5) ％ and the radiochemical purity after 24 h was over 90％.The cell uptake rate of MCF-7 cells at 240min was (4.84± 0.21) ％,which was significantly higher than that of MDA-MB-231 cells ((2.11±0.21) ％;t =15.96,P＜0.05).99 Tcm-GAP-EDL uptake rate of MCF-7 cells in blocking groups ((2.31 ± 0.28) ％ and (2.05±0.35) ％) decreased significantly compared to that of non-blocking group(t=11.52,11.16,both P＜0.05).Biodistribution studies showed that 99Tcm-GAP-EDL was mainly metabolized by the liver and kidneys,and exhibited quick blood clearance.Gamma imaging showed high uptake in MCF-7 tumors 1 h post injection and the uptake reached the highest at 4 h,while there was little 99Tcm-GAP-EDL uptake in MDA-MB231 tumors and blocked MCF-7 tumors.Conclusions 99Tcm-GAP-EDL may be prepared under mild conditions with high labeling purity and stability.The in vitro and in vivo characteristics of 99Tcm-GAP-EDL suggest that it may be a promising probe for ER positive tumor imaging.

Objective To explore the intervention mechanism of Yiqi Huoxue Fang on deep venous thrombosis ( DVT) of rabbit model,by observing its effects on serum t-PA and PAI-1,D-D,NO,CRP,PT,blood rheology and vascular pathology. Methods Fifty New Zealand rabbits were randomly selected.Ten rabbits were served as blank control group.DVT animal models were established in the remaining 40 rabbits, which were randomly divided into model control group, Yiqi Fang group, Huoxue Fang group and Yiqi Huoxue Fang group (n=10 each group).The changes of serum t-PA,PAI-1,D-D,NO,CRP,PT and pathological changes of blood vessel were observed after 7-days treatment. Results As compared with the blank control group, the serum t-PA,PAI-1,D-D,CRP and PT were significantly increased in the model control group,Yiqi Fang group,Huoxue Fang group and Yiqi Huoxue Fang group (all P<0.01); NO was decreased (P<0.01 or P<0.05 in model control group,Yiqi Fang group and Huoxue Fang group;P>0.05 in Yiqi Huoxue Fang group vs.the blank control group).As compared with model control group,the serum t-PA,NO,D-D increased,PAI-1 and CRP value reduced in Yiqi Huoxue Fang group and Huoxue fang group (P<0.01 or P<0.05).As compared with Yiqi Huoxue Fang group,serum t-PA in both Yiqi Fang group and Huoxue Fang group was significantly lower (P<0.01 and P<0.05) ,other indexes were significantly higher than that in Yiqi Huoxue Fang group (serum PAI-1,P<0.01 in Yiqi Fang group;NO and D-D,P<0.01 or P<0.05 in Yiqi Fang group;CRP value,P<0.01).Vascular pathology showed that blood vessels,especially vascular endothelia,of Yiqi Huoxue Fang group were most slightly injured,with slightest infiltration of inflammatory cells. Conclusion Yiqi Huoxue Fang can prevent DVT through regulating t-PA and PAI-1,keeping the fibrinolytic system function at a relatively high level,protecting vascular intima and relieving the inflammation in venous thrombosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of cluster needling at scalp points plus gavage of modified Buyang Huanwu decoction on NSC differentiation in rats with ischemic stroke of qi deficiency and blood stasis type.Methods A model of qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome was made using healthy rats. Dil dye was given for pre-labelling after the success of model making. The rats were randomized into groups A, B, C, D, E and F. Group F consisted of 4 rats and each of the other groups, of 12 rats. A rat model of ischemic stroke of qi deficiency and blood stasis type was made by MCAO at 48 hrs after pre-labelling. After the success of model making, group A was the model group, group B was treated by cluster needling at scalp points, group C was treated by an oral gavage of Buyang Huanwu decoction, group D was treated by an oral gavage of modified Buyang Huanwu decoction, group E was treated by cluster needling at scalp points plus an oral gavage of modified Buyang Huanwu decoction and group F was the sham operation group. The rats were sacrificed at various time points respectively and the materials were taken. By nerve function assessment, double immunofluorescence staining and laser scanning confocal microscopy, a comparative study was conducted to investigate the effects of different treatments on NSC differentiation.Results There was a statistically significant difference in the nerve function score between group B, C, D, E or F and group A after one week of treatment (P<0.01), between group B or E and group A after two weeks of treatment (P<0.05,P<0.01) and between group E and group C or D after one and two weeks of treatment (P<0.01,P<0.05). After one and two weeks of treatment, there were statistically significant differences in Brdu﹢/NeuN﹢ cell count, Brdu﹢/GFAP﹢ cell count, Dil﹢/Brdu﹢NeuN﹢ cell count and Dil﹢/Brdu﹢/GFAP﹢ cell count between group B, C, D or E and group A (P<0.01), between group D or E and group B or C (P<0.01) and between groups E and D (P<0.01).Conclusions Various treatments have a promoting effect on nerve stem cell differentiation in the rats. Of various treatments, cluster needling at scalp points plus gavage of modified Buyang Huanwu decoction has the best therapeutic effect.