[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in Beijing primary and middle school students.METHODSStratified cluster sampling was conducted with the school as a unit. The investigated subjects included the 7 to 15 years old students from the primary and middle school in Beijing Dongcheng District and Changping District. The epidemiological investigation was carried out using the designed allergic rhinitis questionnaire. Allergen skin prick test was performed in students randomly selected from those who participated the questionnaire survey. The results were statistically analyzed.RESULTS1. The self-reported prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 49.68% in Beijing primary and middle school students. 2. Self-reported prevalence increased with age going up. 3. City center self-reported prevalence was higher than that in suburb areas. 4. The confirmed prevalence of allergic rhinitis in Beijing primary and middle school students was 21.09%, in which, the male prevalence rate was 24.83% and the female prevalence rate was 14.11%. 5. The 5.14% of the students with allergic rhinitis were combined with asthma.CONCLUSIONThe self-reported and confirmed prevalence of allergic rhinitis in Beijing primary and middle school students was 49.68% and 21.09% respectively.

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo investigate the species distribution of the common inhaled allergens among the primary and middle school students in Beijing.METHODSA total of 1280 students who were randomly selected underwent 20 kinds of common allergen skin prick test. Skin prick test were positive in 495 students.RESULTS49.3% of the Beijing primary and secondary school students were positive for more than four kinds of allergens. The dust mites and fall pollen allergens were positive at the same time in 37.4% of the allergen positive students. The commonest three allergens were D. farina, D. pteronginus and Large seed fleabane pollen in urban area, and were dermatophagoides farinae, willow tree pollen and Large seed fleabane pollen in suburban area. The positive rate of skin prick test decreased with age.CONCLUSIONThe dust mites and fall pollen are the most important allergens in primary and middle school students in Beijing.

OBJECTIVE To study the effect of the video of head-eye movement training in vestibular rehabilitation.METHODS 37 patients aged between 30 and 76 years old with vestibular dysfunction underwent two weeks of rehabilitation with the video of head-eye movement training. The results of dizziness handicap inventory (DHI), dizziness analogue scale, and the Romberg static balance tests were recorded before and after the rehabilitation.RESULTS After the rehabilitation, there was significant decrease in the scores of DHI and dizziness analog scale(allP>0.001), and there was significant improvement in the time of Romberg static balance tests(P>0.001).CONCLUSION The video of head-eye movement training is an effective method in vestibular rehabilitation.

Objective To evaluate the effects of fluid resuscitation and large-volume hemofiltration (HVHF) on the Alveolar-arterial oxygen exchange in patients with refractory septic shock. Method A total of 89 intensive care patients with refractory septic shock treated with fluid resuscitation and/or HVHF were enrolled between August 2006 and December 2009. All the patients were randomly divided into two groups. In group A, patients were treated with fluid resuscitation, n = 41 cases) and in group B, patients were treated with large-volume hemofiltration and fluid resuscitation, n =48). The O2 content of central venous blood(CcvO2), arterial oxygen content (CaO2), Alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure difference (P(A-a)DO2), the ratio of arterial oxygen pressure/alveolar oxygen pressure (PaO2/PAO2), respiratory index (RI) and oxygenation index (OI) were checked. The levels of oxygen exchange in two groups were detected by arterial blood gas analysis before treatnent, 24 hour, 72 hour and 7 days after treatment. The APACHE Ⅱ scores in patients with refractory septic shock were measured before and the 7th day after treatment with HVHF and/or fluid resuscitation respectively. Data were analyzed by using t -test and chi-square test to compare the differences and ratio between two groups and were expressed in mean ± standard deviation, and the analysis of variance was done with SPSS version 12.0 software. Results ① The differences in CcvO2 and CaO2 between two groups were[(0.60±0.24) vs. (0.72±-0.28), P ＜0.05 and (0.84±0.43) vs. (0.94±0.46), P ＜0.05]; and the oxygen extraction rates (O2ER) were significantly different between two groups [(28.7±2.4) vs. (21.7±3.4), P<0.01];② The levels of P(A-a)DO2、ratio of PaO2/PAO2、RI and OI in group B were reduced more significantly than in group A (P<0.05 or P<0.01);③The APACHE Ⅱ scores in both groups were gradually reduced after treatment for 7 days, and the APACHE Ⅱscore in group B on the 7th day of treatment were lower than that in group A[(17.2 ± 6.8) vs. (8.2 ± 3.8), P ＜ 0.01]. Conclusions Fluid resuscitation and HVHF could improve alveolar-arterial-oxygen exchange in patients with refractory septic shock, and at the same time decreased the APACHE Ⅱ scores, improving the survival rate of patients.

Objective To study the therapeutic effects of omeprazoie in high-dose given by continuous intravenous infusion in the treatment of stress-related mucosal injury of G-I tract in intensive care patients.Method Totally 98 intensive care patients with stress-related mucosal injury(SRMI)were enrolled from August 2006 to October 2008 Department in Intensive Care Unit(ICU)of the Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University.All the patients were randomly divided into high-dose omeprazoie group(group A)and control group(group B).In group A,omeprazoie was administrated in loading dose of 80 mg Ⅰ.Ⅴ.in 5 minutes followed by maintenance dose of 8.0 mg/h intravenous infusion for 72 hours,while in group B,omeprazoie was given in dose of 40mg/8h intravenous infusion for 72 hours.The pH value of gastric juice was determined by German Roche pH test paper every 2 to 8 hours in the patients of both groups.The coffee like or red juice in the gastrointestine decompressor was observed.At the same time,hemoglobin(HB)was detected by Automatic blood cell analyzer Sysmex XE-2100,blood urea nitrogen(BUN)was determined by Automatic Analyzer Au5400,and buffer excess(BE)was checked by GEM Premie arterial blood gas analyzer in all patients.Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation(x-± s)and the analysis of variance was done with SPSS 12.0 software.Comparison of mean value between two groups was conducted with t-test and the ratio was calculated by using chi-square test(X2 test).The change was considered as statistically significant if P value was less than 0.05.Results Four,eight,and 24 hours after treatment with omeprazole,the pH values in patients of group A were higher than those in patients of group B(four hous:6.63 ±0.62 vs.3.14 ±0.26,P＜0.01;eight hours and 24 hours:P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).At 8 hours and 24 hours after treatment,the HB was higher,BUN and BE were lower in group A than those in group B(P＜0.03 or P＜0.01).The total rate of hemostasis of upper G-I tract bleeding in group A was higher than that in group B(95.35%vs.78.19%,P＜0.05).Conclusions For treating the intensive care patients with SRMI,the continues intravenous infusion of omeprazole inhigh dose is superior to conventional dosage.

Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) functions as a key regulator in inflammation and cell death and is involved in mediating a variety of inflammatory or degenerative diseases. A number of allosteric RIPK1 inhibitors (RIPK1i) have been developed, and some of them have already advanced into clinical evaluation. Recently, selective RIPK1i that interact with both the allosteric pocket and the ATP-binding site of RIPK1 have started to emerge. Here, we report the rational development of a new series of type-II RIPK1i based on the rediscovery of a reported but mechanistically atypical RIPK3i. We also describe the structure-guided lead optimization of a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable RIPK1i, 62, which exhibits extraordinary efficacies in mouse models of acute or chronic inflammatory diseases. Collectively, 62 provides a useful tool for evaluating RIPK1 in animal disease models and a promising lead for further drug development.