Objective To study the DNA damage in hippocampal cells of rats induced by 1 800 MHz electromagnetic irradiation. Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups, 2 exposed groups and 2 controls. The experimental subjects were exposed to the 1 800 MHz (continuous wave, CW) electromagnetic fields for 21days (12 h/d), the power densities were 0.5 mW/cm2 and 1.0 mW/cm2, meanwhile, sham-control exposures were carried out, the DNA damage was examined by Comet assay. Results The tailed rate and the tail area of the hippocampal cells in 1.0 mW/cm2 group was higher or larger than those in the control and 0.5 mW/cm2 groups(P

AIM:To study the chemical constituents of the roots of Astragalus hoantchy Franch.. METHOD:Isolation and elucidation of the chemical constituents,were conducted by chromatography and spectral evidences. RESULTS and CONCLUSION:Six steroids and four anthraquinones were isolated from the roots of A. hoantchy. Their structures were identified to be stigmastane-3,6-dione (1),5α,8α-epidioxy- (22E,24R)-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (2),stigmastane-3β,6α-diol (3),daucosterol (4),β-sitosterol (5),stigmasterol (6),chrysophanol (7),emodin (8),physion (9) and aloe-emodin (10) on the basis of spectral data and physical constants. Among them,compounds 1,2,3,7,8,9,10 were isolated from the genus Astragalus for the first time.

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacies of fire acupuncture in treat various types of acne. Methods: An open test was designed. One thousand and eighty-six patients who visited for clinical service were collected as a sample. Results: The cure and marked effective rate was 78.5% for lung heat type, 80.8% for heat toxin type, 77.4% for disharmony of the Thoroughfare and Conception Vessels type and 80.1% for blood stasis and phlegm accumulation type. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in therapeutic effect between different types (P>0.05). Conclusion: Fire acupuncture has an exact therapeutic effect on various types of acne without toxic side effects.

Objective To determine the diagnostic value of fractional exhaled nitric (FeNO) measurement in diagnosis of bronchial asthma. Methods The patients with unkown-cause respiratory symptoms including wheezing, cough, and breathlessness were enrolled from August to September in 2008. FeNO was measured by nitric oxide analyzer (NIOX; Aerocrine AB; Solna, Sweden). Bronchial challenge test (BCT) or bronchodilator test was defined as golden standard for asthma diagnosis. The value of FeNO was assessed and the optimal operating point of FeNO testing was determined by the means of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results A total of 101 patients were enrolled, in which 48 cases were diagnosed as asthma by positive yield in BCT (in 38 cases) or bronchodilator test (in 10 cases). The severity of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) judged by BCT was mild in 15 cases, moderate in 15 cases and severe in 8 cases. The levels of FeNO of asthma group were higher than those of non-asthma group [(68.19±43.00) pph vs (19.52±10.60) ppb, P < 0.05]. A linear correlation of FeNO with lnPD20 FEV1 was revealed in the cases with AHR. Area under ROC curve was 0.9. The optimal diagnostic cutoff point was 36.5 ppb which was capable of differentiating asthma and non-asthma with sensitivity of 92.7%, specificity of 83.3%, positive predictive value of 79.17% , negative predictive value of 94.34% and accuracy of 87.13%. Conclusion FeNO test may be helpful in the diagnosis of asthma with high sensitivity and specificity.

[Objective] To explore the cytoprotecfion of hydrogen sulfide (H_2S) against cobalt chloride (CoCl_2)-induced apeptosis in PC12 cells and the underlying mechanisms. [Methods] CoCl_2 (a chemical hypoxia-mimetic agent) was used to establish the chemical hypoxia-induced PC12 cell injuries model. Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) was used as a H_2S donor. The viability of PC12 cells was measured by CCK-8 assay. The percentage of apeptotic cells was assessed by propidium iodide stain flow cytometry (FCM). The morphological change of apeptotic cells was tested by using the chromatin dye Hoechst 33258. The mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was analyzed by rhodamine 123 staining and photofluorography. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in PC12 cells was measured by DCFH-DA staining and photofluorography. [Results] CoCl_2 induced a decrease in cell viability and an increase in percentage of apeptosis in PC12 cells along with dissipation of MMP as well as overproduction of ROS. When PC12 cells were treated with Naris 30 min before CoCl_2 treatment a decrease in viability of PC12 cells induced by 600 μmol/L CoCl_2 was concentration-dependently blocked by NaHs (100, 200, and 400 μmol/L). Pretreatment with NaHS at 200 and 400 μmol/L obviously reduced the apepetotic percentage of PC12 cells induced by 600 μmol/L CoCl_2 and inhibited the dissipation of MMP and overproduction of ROS. [Conclusion] H_2S protected PC12 cells against CoCl_2-induced apeptosis, which may be associated with the inhibition of H_2S on the dissipation of MMP and overproduction of ROS induced by CoCl_2.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies indicate that bone marrow messenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can repairinjured myocardium and improve cardiac functions. However, there are still no effective non-invasive methods to detect ventricular wall motion, survival status of transplanted cells, and microcirculation improvement after MSCsimplantation. OBJECTIVE: To detect the effects of MSCs implantation on the cardiac function of ischemic myoeardium and investigate changes of tissue acoustics characteristics by using integrated backscatter (IBS) and Doppler tissue imaging (DT1). DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Completely randomized grouping design, and randomized controlled study, which was carried out in the Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from December 2004 to June 2005 (important laboratory of 211 government). MATERIALS: Forty-eight male rabbits with irrespective of gender were used for study. Anti-troponin T (TnT) antibody was provided by Maxim Company, USA; anti-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) antibody by Sigma Company, USA; Sonos 5500 echocardiography by HP Company, USA.METHODS: Forty-eight rabbits were randomly divided into model group and implantation group. Model of myocardium infarction was created in rabbits by left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) ligation. Three days after modeling, autologous bone marrow MSCs were injected into crossed myocardium between infarction and non-infarction regions based on 5 injected points.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Indicators including ventricular size, ventricular wall thickness, and ejection fraction (EF) in the left ventricle (LV) were measured with routine echocardiography one day before myocardial infarction, two weeks after myocardial infarction, and four weeks after implantation. IBS and DTI might detect the anterior backscatter parameters (AII, or IB) and ventricular wall motion parameters (PPI, or CVIB) to calculate the average backscatter scores and backscatter cycle changes. DTI was used to measure peak systolic flow velocity (VS), peak early diastolic flow velocity (VE), and peak late diastolic flow velocity (VA) of the middle and basal segments of the anterior wall of left ventricle. Finally, animals were sacrificed by anesthesia, and myocardial infarction region was stained with 5-Brdu immunohistochemical staining, and anti-TnT staining. RESULTS: Twelve rabbits were excluded because of death after operation.① Echocardiography: Imaging of 36 rabbits were clear in 1 day before myocardial infarction, 2 weeks after myocardial infarction, and 4 weeks after implantation. The sizes and systolic function of LV in 36 rabbits were normal before operation. Two weeks after operation, the sizes of LV became larger, the anterior wall of LV became thinner, and systolic range became weaker even disappeared. EF, CVIB, Vs, and Ve were lower (P < 0.05) and All was higher in both groups than pre-operation (P < 0.05). Four weeks after implantation, compared with control group, left ventricular diastolic diameter (LVDd) was smaller and systolic range became larger, All descended. EF, Vs, Ve and CVIB increased (P < 0.05).② Myocardial immunohistochemical detection: Numerous of Brdu-labeled positive cells were scattered, and anti-TnT was positive, which clearly showed horizontal stria of myocardium. However, normal myocardium was negative. CONCLUSION: Bone marrow MSCs after implantation can survive in ischemic myocardium and improve cardiac function. IBS and DTI can real-timely and exactly detect functional changes of infarction myocardium after bone marrow MSCs implantation.

Objective To compare cellular immune responses in mice elicited by Chinese different AIDS candidate vaccines.Methods According to their different immunization procedures,BALB/c mice were immunized with 6 AIDS candidate vaccines,separately.Spleen cells were isolated for the detection of cellular immune response to HIV-specific peptides using enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot(ELISPOT)assay and intracellular cytokine staining(ICS)method.Results AIDS vaccines were evaluated by using potential T-cell epitopes(PTE)Gag,Env and Pol peptides pool and ELISPOT.The positive conversion rates for cellular immune response of 1#-6# vaccines fluctuated from 70% to 100%.The vaccine-induced cellular immune responses to specific peptides pool are different not only in magnitude but also in breadth.The Th1type cytokines,IFN-γand IL-2,were detected with ELISPOT in 1# and 2# vaccines.The productions of IFN-γand IL-2 induced by both of the two vaccines showed a moderate correlation(r1 =0.62,P1 ＜0.01 ;r2=0.79,P2 ＜ 0.01).The positive conversion rate of IFN-γ secreting cells of 1 # vaccine was 66.7%(10/15)mice detected with both ELISPOT and ICS.And the results tested by ELISPOT and ICS showed moderate correlation(r = 0.55,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The magnitude and breadth of cellular immune responses induced by different AIDS candidate vaccines are different.Being induced by different AIDS candidate vaccines,the IFN-γand other Th1 type cytokines detected by ELISPOT or ICS could be used to evaluate the cellular immune responses in mice.

Objective To observe the influence of phentolamine on N terminal B-type natriuretic peptide precursor(NT-proBNP),blood gas analysis,hypersensitive c-reactive protein and plasma D-dimer in patients with chronic cor pulmonale Methods One hundred and one cases patients with chronic cor pulmonale were randomly divided into two groups,51 patients in the treatment group,50 patients in the control group.All patients were treated with normal anti-infection,eliminating phlegm to smooth wheezing antithrombotic for one week,as the same time patients in the treatment group were treated with phentolamine for one week.Through observed the treatment effect of phentolamine to chronic cor pulmonale,the level of NT-proBNP,blood gas analysis,hypersensitive c-reactive protein and plasma D-dimer in patients with chronic cor pulmonale before and after the treatment were analyzed.Results Compared with before treatment,the levels of NT-proBNP,PCO2,hypersensitive c-reactive protein,plasma D dimer were lower than after one week in two groups,while the level of PO2 was higher.Treatment group:NT-proBNP (1 712.76±572.32) ng/L vs.(271.59±163.05) ng/L,t=20.42,P<0.05,PCO2 (66.34±5.81) mmHg vs.(52.58±5.82) mmHg,t=16.46,P<0.05,PO2 (59.28±6.13) mmHg vs.(73.64±6.10) mmHg,t=23.02,P<0.05,hypersensitive c-reactive protein 86.0(28.0) mg/L vs.23.0(12.0) mg/L,Z=-6.22,P<0.05 mg/L,plasma D-dimer (4 953.37±1 654.09) μg/L vs.(1 847.90±838.66) μg/L,t=17.11,P<0.05.Control group:NT-proBNP (1 527.24±658.70) ng/L vs.(612.58±357.59) ng/L,t=14.52,P<0.05,PCO2 (65.41±5.23) mmHg vs.(56.46±5.65) mmHg,t=13.04,P<0.05,PO2(60.57±5.84) mmHg vs.(67.21±5.19) mmHg,t=-10.06,P<0.05,hypersensitive c-reactive protein 79.0(29.0) mg/L vs.43.0(20.0) mg/L,Z=-6.16,,P<0.05,plasma D-dimer (4 408.02±1 682.83) μg/L vs.(2 598.28±1 242.73) μg/L,t=12.15,P<0.05.But the levels of NT-proBNP,PCO2,hypersensitive c-reactive protein and plasma D-dimer reduced significantly,the level of PO2 increased more significantly in treatment group(t(z)=-6.19,-3.39,-7.16,-3.56,5.70,all P<0.05).Conclusion Phentolamine can reduce the level of NT-proBNP,PCO2,hypersensitive c-reactive protein and plasma D-dimer and increased the level of PO2 in patients with chronic cor pulmonale.Phentolamine combined with routine treatment can improve the clinical efficacy of patients with chronic cor pulmonale.

Important/potential value of macrolides has been proved in the management of chronic respiratory diseases by increasing basic and clinical trials.Through three face-to-face discussions,10 experts examined important data and drafted this consensus related to macrolides:(1) mechanism of nonantiinfective effects;(2) clinical use in chronic respiratory diseases;(3) cautions of long-term use.The mechanism out of non-antiinfective effects includes anti-inflammatory effect,modifying airway secretion,immune-regulation related to antibacterial effect,corticoid saving effect and anti-viral effect.The efficacy of long-term use of low-dose macrolides is definitely confirmed in diffuse panbronchiolitis,chronic rhinosinusitis.It is considerably used in bronchiectasia,cystic fibrosis,severe asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Further studies should be conducted in cryptogenic organizing pneumonia and respiratory viral infection.It should be paid attention to its possible adverse effects (including drug interactions,cardiac toxicity,ototoxicity and disturbance of intestinal flora) and drug resistance in long-term use.A Chinese consensus for non-antiinfective effects and clinical use of macrolides is developed for the first time,which aims to expand their rational use and the further research.

Objective: To compare the effect of scalp acupuncture and scalp acupuncture plus acupuncture exercise therapy (AET) on walking ability in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: A total of 60 spastic CP children with gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) grades Ⅰ-Ⅲ were divided into a control group and an observation group by the random number table method, with 30 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with the same conventional rehabilitation and scalp acupuncture therapy for CP. The control group received conventional rehabilitation first and then scalp acupuncture. The observation group received AET, which was to receive the conventional rehabilitation and scalp acupuncture simultaneously. Before and after treatment, the clinical efficacy was evaluated by the modified Ashworth scale (MAS) score, scores of dimensions D and E of the gross motor function measure (GMFM) scale, walking speed, and walking distance. Results: During treatment, there were 2 dropouts in the observation group. After 3 courses of treatment, the MAS scores in both the control group and observation group decreased compared with the same group before treatment (P<0.05), and the scores of dimensions D and E of the GMFM, walking speed, and walking distance were increased (P<0.05); the between-group comparison showed that the MAS score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the scores of dimensions D and E of the GMFM, walking speed, and walking distance in the observation group were higher or longer than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: W ith the same treatments, scalp acupuncture combined with AET is superior to the conventional scalp acupuncture method in reducing lower-limb muscle tone, improving standing balance ability, and walking stability in children with spastic CP.